Combination vinblastine and palladia for high-grade and metastatic mast cell tumors in dogs.

High-grade and metastatic canine mast cell tumors carry a guarded prognosis because of their unpredictable biologic behavior. An ideal chemotherapy regime is yet to be established. The aim of this study was to review the efficacy and toxicity of combination vinblastine and toceranib for high-grade and metastatic mast cell tumors. Twenty-eight dogs were categorized with either high-grade, lymph node metastasis or Stage IV disease. Demographics, disease, and treatment variables were compared between categories (Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous data and Fisher's Exact test for categorical data). Survival times and progression-free intervals (PFI) were calculated and compared between groups (log rank test). The PFI was 310 d [95% confidence interval (CI): 155 to 1425] and overall survival was 373 d (95% CI: 226 to 1219). There was no difference between disease categories for PFI (P = 0.9) or survival (P = 0.5). The protocol was well-tolerated with increased liver enzyme activity and gastrointestinal toxicity most frequently observed. Progression-free intervals and survival times were similar in dogs with high-grade, metastatic and Stage IV disease.

Combinaison vinblastine et Palladia pour les mastocytomes métastatiques et de haut grade chez le chien. Les mastocytomes canins métastatiques et de haut grade ont un pronostic réservé en raison de leur comportement biologique imprévisible. Un traitement idéal de chimiothérapie n'a pas encore été établi. Le but de cette étude était d'examiner l'efficacité et la toxicité de l'association vinblastine et tocéranib pour les mastocytomes de haut grade et métastatiques.Vingt-huit chiens ont été classés soit avec une maladie de haut grade, des métastases ganglionnaires ou avec une maladie de stade IV. Les variables démographiques, de maladie et de traitement ont été comparées entre les catégories (test de Kruskal-Wallis pour les données continues et test exact de Fisher pour les données catégorielles). Les temps de survie et les intervalles sans progression (PFI) ont été calculés et comparés entre les groupes (test de log-rank). Le PFI était de 310 jours [intervalle de confiance à 95 % (IC): 155 à 1425] et la survie globale était de 373 jours (IC 95 %: 226 à 1219). Il n'y avait pas de différence entre les catégories de maladie pour le PFI (P = 0,9) ou la survie (P = 0,5). Le protocole a été bien toléré avec une augmentation de l'activité des enzymes hépatiques et une toxicité gastro-intestinale les plus fréquemment observées. Les PFI et les temps de survie étaient similaires chez les chiens atteints d'une maladie de haut grade, ceux avec des métastases et ceux de stade IV.(Traduit par Dr Serge Messier).

A pilot study of toceranib/vinblastine therapy for canine transitional cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Effective therapies for transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) are limited, with objective response rates to most chemotherapeutic regimens below 20%. The purpose of this study was to investigate the biologic activity of combined toceranib phosphate and vinblastine chemotherapy for treatment of TCC. A secondary objective was to compare the utility of Computed Tomography (CT) and abdominal ultrasound (AUS) in tumor response assessments. RESULTS: Dogs with TCC received vinblastine at 1.6 mg/m2 every 2 weeks and toceranib at 2.5-2.75 mg/kg on Monday/Wednesday/Friday. Tumor monitoring was achieved through CT and AUS. Five patients completed the 16-week study. Based on AUS assessments, 3 dogs experienced biologic response to therapy including partial responses (PR, n = 2) and stable disease (SD, n = 1). Based on CT, 5 dogs experienced a biologic response (n = 2 PR, n = 3 SD). Both imaging modalities (ultrasound and CT) were found to provide repeatable measurements between operators, however agreement between operator measurements was greater when CT images were used to assess tumor size. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of toceranib and vinblastine did not result in improved response rates. While agreement in tumor volume assessments between both AUS and CT were excellent between operators, this did not extend to assessment of tumor response. The higher rate of concordance between operators when assessing response to treatment with CT suggests that CT should be considered for future clinical trials involving canine bladder TCC to improve the accuracy and repeatability of tumor measurement. The data suggest that response to therapy as assessed by AUS or CT do not predict duration of clinical response.

Long-term survival in a cat with pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with surgical resection and toceranib phosphate.

CASE SUMMARY: Primary pancreatic adenocarcinoma is an uncommon neoplasm seen in cats and often has a poor prognosis. We report a case of an 8-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat weighing 5.8 kg diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with surgical resection and toceranib phosphate, which had a progression-free interval of 1148 days and survived for more than 1436 days. The treatment was well tolerated; however, the cat developed generalised coat hypopigmentation. RELEVANCE AND NOVEL INFORMATION: To our knowledge, the cat in our report has the longest progression-free interval and survival time post-surgical resection of pancreatic carcinoma treated with toceranib. Hypopigmentation as a side effect of toceranib has been reported in dogs, but this is the first case reported in cats.