RESUMO
Leucine rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) has been genetically linked to Parkinson's disease (PD). The most common mutant, G2019S, increases kinase activity, thus LRRK2 kinase inhibitors are potentially useful in the treatment of PD. We herein disclose the structure, potential ligand-protein binding interactions, and pharmacological profiling of potent and highly selective kinase inhibitors based on a triazolopyridazine chemical scaffold.
Assuntos
Compostos Heterocíclicos com 2 Anéis/farmacologia , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/química , Piridazinas/farmacologia , Triazóis/farmacologia , Cristalografia por Raios X , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 2 Anéis/síntese química , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 2 Anéis/química , Humanos , Serina-Treonina Proteína Quinase-2 com Repetições Ricas em Leucina , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/síntese química , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/metabolismo , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína/efeitos dos fármacos , Piridazinas/síntese química , Piridazinas/química , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Triazóis/síntese química , Triazóis/químicaRESUMO
Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) is the main enzyme responsible for degradation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in the CNS. MAGL catalyzes the conversion of 2-AG to arachidonic acid (AA), a precursor to the proinflammatory eicosannoids such as prostaglandins. Herein we describe highly efficient MAGL inhibitors, identified through a parallel medicinal chemistry approach that highlighted the improved efficiency of azetidine and piperidine-derived carbamates. The discovery and optimization of 3-substituted azetidine carbamate irreversible inhibitors of MAGL were aided by the generation of inhibitor-bound MAGL crystal structures. Compound 6, a highly efficient and selective MAGL inhibitor against recombinant enzyme and in a cellular context, was tested in vivo and shown to elevate central 2-AG levels at a 10 mg/kg dose.
Assuntos
Azetidinas/farmacologia , Carbamatos/farmacologia , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Monoacilglicerol Lipases/antagonistas & inibidores , Piperidinas/farmacologia , Animais , Azetidinas/química , Azetidinas/farmacocinética , Carbamatos/química , Carbamatos/farmacocinética , Linhagem Celular , Inibidores Enzimáticos/química , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacocinética , Humanos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Modelos Moleculares , Monoacilglicerol Lipases/metabolismo , Piperidinas/química , Piperidinas/farmacocinética , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismoRESUMO
Leucine rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) has been genetically linked to Parkinson's disease (PD) by genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The most common LRRK2 mutation, G2019S, which is relatively rare in the total population, gives rise to increased kinase activity. As such, LRRK2 kinase inhibitors are potentially useful in the treatment of PD. We herein disclose the discovery and optimization of a novel series of potent LRRK2 inhibitors, focusing on improving kinome selectivity using a surrogate crystallography approach. This resulted in the identification of 14 (PF-06447475), a highly potent, brain penetrant and selective LRRK2 inhibitor which has been further profiled in in vivo safety and pharmacodynamic studies.