Malignant transformation of meningeal melanocytoma: a case report.

Intracranial meningeal melanocytoma is an uncommon tumor that is considered benign. We formerly reported an intracranial meningeal melanocytoma. Here we report a extremely rare case of malignant transformation of this tumor. A 49-year-old man complained of a headache. Magnetic resonance scanning revealed a mass in the left frontal region. The patient underwent gross total removal of the tomor in 1994. The histological findings showed a meningeal melanocytoma. In 1998, he underwent gamma-knife surgery for local recurrence. An additional operation was performed in 1999 became tumor growth was not stopped. The tumor was partially excised by left frontal craniotomy. Histopathological examination revealed a malignant melanoma originating from a melanocytoma. The tumor was composed of a proliferation of severely atypical melanocytoid cells with slightly irregular nuclei and prominent nucleoli, associated with necrosis and hemorrhage. Mitotic figures were encountered occasionally. After six months, he died from cerebrospinal fluid dissemination of this tumor. To our knowledge, this is the first report of malignant transformation of an intracranial meningeal melanocytoma.

Traumatic lesions of the bilateral middle meningeal arteries--case report.

A 44-year-old man presented with traumatic injuries of the bilateral middle meningeal arteries after a traffic accident. Neurological examination found left visual impairment due to left optic nerve injury. Computed tomography demonstrated a small amount of left epidural hemorrhage and bilateral skull fractures. Left external carotid angiography revealed a pseudoaneurysm of the left middle meningeal artery at the sphenoid ridge. Right external carotid angiography demonstrated a dural arteriovenous fistula fed by the right middle meningeal artery colocated with the right frontal convexity fracture. Transarterial embolization of the left middle meningeal artery pseudoaneurysm with four fibered platinum coils and transarterial embolization of the right dural arteriovenous fistula with poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) were performed, resulting in complete obliteration of both lesions. Angiographic cure was obtained and the postoperative course was uneventful.

[The improvement in regional cerebral blood flow in the anterior cranial fossa which was affected by a dural arteriovenous fistula: case report].

We report a case of dural arteriovenous fistula of the anterior cranial fossa with venous ischemia. A 55-year-old man presented with headache and visual disturbance. Neurological examination showed no abnormality. MR images demonstrated flow void at the right anterior cranial fossa. Right internal carotid angiograms showed a dural arteriovenous fistula of the anterior cranial fossa, fed by the anterior ethmoidal artery. The draining vein was the leptomeningeal vein draining into the basal vein, the straight sinus, and the left transverse sinus. 123I-IMP SPECT revealed a low perfusion area in the left occipital region. We interrupted the draining vein at the anterior cranial fossa. Angiographic cure was obtained and venous circulation was improved. 123I-IMP SPECT revealed improvement in the low perfusion area in the left occipital region. The postoperative course was uneventful. We discuss the clinical features, the hemodynamic findings and the management of this case.

[A case of bleeding dural arteriovenous fistula of the transverse-sigmoid sinus with pure leptomeningeal drainage, varix: case report].

We reported a case of bleeding from the varix of a transverse-sigmoid sinus dural arteriovenous fistula with pure leptomeningeal drainage. A 55-year-old man presented with visual disturbance. neurological examination revealed left homonymous hemianopsia. CT scans demonstrated a subcortical hemorrhage in the right occipital lobe. Right external carotid angiograms showed a dural arteriovenous fistula of the transverse-sigmoid sinus fed by middle meningeal arteries and the occipital artery. The draining vein was the cortical vein with a varix. Transverse and sigmoid sinuses were patent. We concluded that the cause of the subcortical hemorrhage was a varix of the dural arteriovenous fistula. Initially, we embolized the dural arteriovenous fistula using a transarterial approach with GDC. Additionally, we interrupted the draining vein of the dural arteriovenous malformation. Angiographic cure was obtained and the postoperative course was uneventful. We discussed the clinical features, and the management of this case.