Survival rates and bone loss after immediate loading of implants in fresh extraction sockets (single gaps). A clinical prospective study with 4 year follow-up.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective study was to report the outcome of treatment with implants inserted after tooth extraction and immediately loaded. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-six patients with single tooth loss were treated with 116 IPX Galimplant® implants with internal connections and a sandblasted, acid-etched surface. All implants were placed after tooth extraction using a flapless approach without bone regeneration, and they were then immediately loaded with cemented acrylic prostheses. After a period of three months, definitive cemented ceramic prostheses were placed. Patients were examined throughout a total of 4 years of follow-up. Marginal bone loss and survival rates were evaluated using digital periapical radiographs, taking into account clinical variables such as age, gender, smoking, history of periodontitis, etiology of extraction, placement site, diameter, and implant length. The Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric tests were used to compare differences between subgroups created based on the different clinical variables identified. RESULTS: Clinical results indicate an implant survival and success rate of 97.4%. Three implants were lost. Of the 116 immediate acrylic single crowns initially placed, 113 were replaced with definitive ceramic crowns after 3 months. A total of 77.8% of implants were inserted in the maxilla, while 22.2% were inserted in the mandible. No further complications were reported after the follow-up period (4 years). The mean marginal bone loss was 0.67 mm ± 0.40 mm. No differences were found among the subgroups of study patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that dental implants that are inserted after tooth extraction and immediately loaded may constitute a successful and predictable alternative implant treatment.

[Spinal cord stimulation in refractory complex regional pain syndrome. A prospective study]. / Estimulación medular en el síndrome de dolor regional complejo refractario. Un estudio prospectivo.

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: The objective of treatment of complex regional pain syndrome is to relieve pain and restore function in the affected limb. The aim of this study is to evaluate spinal cord stimulation as a therapy for patients diagnosed with complex regional pain syndrome, for whom adequate pain control could not be achieved with other previous treatments. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective study was conducted from 2018 to 2020. We included patients diagnosed with complex regional pain syndrome refractory to other treatments or techniques, classified by demographic data. Efficacy, functionality and opioid dependence in each patient were subsequently monitored for one year. RESULTS: Seven of the 13 patients (53.84%) included in the study achieved significant pain relief with spinal cord stimulation. Improvements in pain and functionality were obtained, and both were statistically significant (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). Improvement in the Oswestry Disability Index/Neck Disability Index (ODI/NDI) was significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.011) and was lower as BMI increased. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that spinal cord stimulation is an effective therapeutic option for patients with CRPS refractory to other treatments. BMI and ODI/NDI also showed a significant correlation.

TITLE: Estimulación medular en el síndrome de dolor regional complejo refractario. Un estudio prospectivo.Introducción y objetivos. En el tratamiento del síndrome de dolor regional complejo se pretende aliviar el dolor y restaurar la función de la extremidad afectada. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la estimulación de la médula espinal como terapia para pacientes a quienes se les diagnosticó síndrome de dolor regional complejo, en los que no se ha podido conseguir un control adecuado del dolor con otros tratamientos previos. Pacientes y métodos. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo de 2018 a 2020. Se incluyó a pacientes diagnosticados de síndrome de dolor regional complejo refractario a otros tratamientos o técnicas, clasificados por datos demográficos. Posteriormente, se hizo seguimiento de la eficacia, la funcionalidad y la dependencia de opioides de cada paciente durante un año. Resultados. Siete de los 13 (53,84%) pacientes incluidos en el estudio consiguieron un alivio significativo de su dolor con la estimulación medular. Se obtuvo mejoría del dolor y de la funcionalidad, y ambas fueron estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,001 y p = 0,003, respectivamente). La mejoría en el Oswestry Disability Index/Neck Disability Index (ODI/NDI) se asoció significativamente con el índice de masa corporal (IMC) (p = 0,011) y fue menor cuanto mayor era el IMC. Conclusiones. Los resultados sugieren que la estimulación de la médula espinal es una opción terapéutica eficaz para pacientes con SDRC refractario a otros tratamientos. Además, el IMC y el ODI/NDI mostraron una correlación significativa.

[Bilateral acute subdural haematoma without subarachnoid haemorrhage secondary to rupture of an anterior communicating aneurysm. A case report and review of the literature]. / Hematoma subdural agudo bilateral sin hemorragia subaracnoidea secundario a ruptura de aneurisma comunicante anterior. Presentacion de un caso y revision de la bibliografia.

INTRODUCTION: Pure acute subdural haematomas caused by aneurysmal rupture are a highly infrequent event, with only 51 cases published in the literature to date, with only six cases due to the rupture of anterior communicating artery aneurysm. AIM: To describe a case of an acute subdural haematoma not associated with subarachnoid haemorrhage due to ruptured of an anterior communicating cerebral artery aneurysm. CASE REPORT: A 55-year-old woman without a traumatic history, who is found at home with a level of consciousness of 4 points on the Glasgow Coma Scale and a bilateral arreactive mydriasis, which are reversed with medical measures. Cranial CT shows an acute bi-hemispherical convexity and interhemispheric subdural haematoma with no evidence of associated subarachnoid haemorrhage. The angio-CT reveals an anterior communicating artery aneurysm. We proceed to urgent embolization of the aneurysm. The patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, where intracranial pressure is monitored and controlled initially with medical treatment. Patient outcome was unfavorable, confirming in the control CT scan coincident with an increase of uncontrolled medically intracranial hypertension, established ischemic infarctions areas, which made any surgical treatment non-viable. CONCLUSION: In the case of an acute subdural haematoma without subarachnoid haemorrhage nor traumatic brain injury or its external stigmas, we must consider the rupture of a cerebral aneurysm as a possible cause. Likewise, the initial management of the acute subdural haematoma in patients with poor neurological condition should be priority and surgical.

TITLE: Hematoma subdural agudo bilateral sin hemorragia subaracnoidea secundario a ruptura de aneurisma comunicante anterior. Presentacion de un caso y revision de la bibliografia.Introduccion. Los hematomas subdurales agudos de causa aneurismatica son muy infrecuentes, con solo 51 casos publicados en la bibliografia hasta la fecha, y unicamente seis de ellos por un aneurisma de la arteria comunicante anterior. Objetivo. Describir un caso de hematoma subdural agudo no asociado a hemorragia subaracnoidea, debido a la rotura de un aneurisma de la arteria comunicante anterior. Caso clinico. Mujer de 55 años sin antecedente traumatico, con un nivel de conciencia de 4 puntos en la escala de coma de Glasgow y midriasis bilateral arreactiva, que posteriormente revierte con medidas medicas. La tomografia computarizada craneal evidencia hematoma subdural agudo, de convexidad bihemisferica e interhemisferico izquierdo, sin hemorragia subaracnoidea asociada. En la angiotomografia se observa un aneurisma de la arteria comunicante anterior. De forma urgente, se procede a su embolizacion. En la unidad de cuidados intensivos se instauran medidas medicas para el control y la monitorizacion de la presion intracraneal. La evolucion de la paciente no es favorable, y en la tomografia computarizada de control, ante un episodio de aumento de la presion intracraneal refractario al tratamiento medico, se constatan areas de infartos isquemicos establecidos en multiples localizaciones. Ante estos hallazgos se desestima el tratamiento quirurgico y la paciente fallece en los siguientes dias. Conclusion. Ante un hematoma subdural agudo sin hemorragia subaracnoidea, en ausencia de traumatismo craneoencefalico o de sus estigmas externos, debemos considerar la rotura de un aneurisma cerebral como posible causa. El tratamiento inicial del hematoma subdural agudo en pacientes con deterioro neurologico ha de ser quirurgico y prioritario.

Dental caries status of patients with schizophrenia in Seville, Spain: a case-control study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the dental status (DMFT) in patients with schizophrenia compared with a control group. MATERIAL: In this case-control study, 50 patients with schizophrenia attended in the Psychiatric Unit at the Virgen Macarena University Hospital of Seville were compared with 50 people (without systemic diseases and not taking psychotropic drugs) in a control group attended in the School of Dentistry of Seville. Decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) were assessed according to the World Health Organization WHO criteria. RESULTS: Patients with schizophrenia showed a decayed teeth (DT) score of 7.26 ± 5.69 compared with 6.50 ± 4.37 for patients the control group. These differences were significant and suggest that dental caries are most prevalent in patients with schizophrenia. People who smoked showed significantly higher DT scores in both groups. Among patients with schizophrenia, smokers scored 9.34 ± 5.42 compared with 4.38 ± 4.82 for non-smokers. Among the healthy controls, smokers scored 6.88 ± 4.85 compared with 6.12 ± 3.85 for non-smokers (p < 0.05). Patients with schizophrenia showed a missing teeth (MT) score of 9.10 ± 8.56 compared with 5.38 ± 5.14 in control patients. MT scores increased significantly with age and with smoking in both groups of patients (p < 0.05). Patients with schizophrenia showed a filled teeth (FT) score of 1.38 ± 2.70 compared with 2.34 ± 3.48 in control patients. FT differences in gender and smoking habits between patients with schizophrenia and healthy control subjects were statistically significant (p < 0.05). This data, along with the DT scores, suggests that patients with schizophrenia have extensive untreated dental disease. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with schizophrenia constitute a high risk population for dental health. This group showed a greater prevalence of decayed and missing teeth and more extensive treatment needs.