First record of Hiroshia László, Ronkay & Ronkay from China, with description of a new species (Lepidoptera: Thyatiridae).

The monotypical genus Hiroshia and the type species, H. albinigra László, Ronkay & Ronkay, 2001 from North Vietnam are recorded for the first time from China, with description of a new species, H. nanlingana sp. n. Adults and genitalia are illustrated and a distribution map of Hiroshia is provided.

The Paranthrenini of mainland China (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae).

We here briefly review the Paranthrenini fauna of Mainland China and provide a checklist of 21 species for this region. We describe six new species: Paranthrene rubomacula Kallies & Owada sp. nov., Nokona opaca Kallies & Wang sp. nov., Nokona bractea Kallies & Arita sp. nov., Scoliokona nanlingensis Kallies & Arita sp. nov., Scoliokona spissa Kallies & Arita sp. nov., Scoliokona shimentai Kallies & Wu sp. nov. Furthermore, we provide numerous new combinations of species formerly associated with the genus Paranthrene in South East Asia, with 12 species transferred to Nokona Matsumura, 1931, 4 to Scoliokona Kallies & Arita, 1998, and one to Cyanosesia Gorbunov & Arita, 1995 (comb. nov.). The genus name Aritasesia Nakamura, 2009 (syn. nov.) is considered a junior subjective synonym of Nokona Matsumura, 1931. 

Review of the genus Cidariplura Butler, 1879 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Herminiinae) in Taiwan with descriptions of four new species.

The genus Cidariplura Butler, 1879 from Taiwan is reviewed. A total of seven species are confirmed to occur in this old landbridge island, and four new species are described: C. shanmeii Wu & Owada sp. nov., C. maraho Wu & Owada sp. nov., C. atayal Wu & Owada sp. nov. and C. ilana Wu & Owada sp. nov. The Taiwanese C. bilineata (Wileman & South, 1919) is superficially similar to the Indian and Nepalese C. brevivittalis (Moore, 1867) but their genitalia show distinct differences. Elyra albifascia Hampson 1929 is regarded as a junior synonym of C. brevivittalis (syn. nov.). All diagnostic characteristics of Cidariplura from Taiwan and its adjacent areas are illustrated.

Description of a new moss-feeding species of Cidariplura Butler, 1879 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae) from China.

A new species of Cidariplura Butler, 1879, Cidariplura guiyuea sp. n. is described from Guizhou and Guangdong Provinces, China, which was reared from larva to adult feeding on Cyrto-hypnum gratum (P. Beauv.) Buck & Crum. The new species is illustrated with images of the adult, male genitalia and compared with similar species Cidariplura bilineata (Wileman & South, 1919) and Cidariplura brevivittalis (Moore, 1867).

Study on moths of the Herminia decipiens complex (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Herminiinae) with descriptions of three new species.

Asian herminiine moths of the Herminia decipiens complex are revised and five allopatric species are recognized, i.e. Herminia decipiens (Hampson, 1898) in Nilgiri Hills, Khasi Hills, South China, Indochina, Malay Peninsula, H. terminalis (Wileman, 1915) in Taiwan, H. yuksam sp. nov. in East Nepal, Sikkim, H. borneo sp. nov. in Borneo and H. amamioshima sp. nov. in Amami-oshima Is., Shimo-Koshikijima Is. and South Kyushu (Kagoshima). Key to all species is given.

Review of Cidariplura Butler, 1879 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Herminiinae). br />Part 1: the Cidariplura gladiata species complex.

The generic type species Cidariplura gladiata Butler, 1879 and its allies of the genus Cidariplura Butler, 1879 are reviewed. In total, there are seven recognized species ranging from Japan, Korea, Taiwan, China, Vietnam; and we provide descriptions of three new species: C. nanling sp. nov., C. luding sp. nov., C. hbun sp. nov. The species C. shanmeii Wu Owada, 2013 is re-described since the type series was the existence of specimens belonging to both C. shanmeii and C. hbun. Key to all belonging species is given.

Morphological and molecular evidence for a new species of the genus Panolis Hübner, [1821] (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

A new species of the genus Panolis Hübner, [1821], P. xundian sp. nov., is described and illustrated from southwestern China. It is well-defined morphologically by the male genitalia, with a well-developed pollex at the distal terminal of the sacculus and a broad, ventrally concave cucullus, the female corpus bursae with four long signum-stripes. Based on a 658 bp segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene, we report the pairwise genetic distance of 2.5% from its allied species P. exquisita Draudt, 1950. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using three genes (2189 bp in total length) indicate that the new species belongs to the P. exquisita species group.

Revision of the Hoplodrina implacata group (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae: Caradrinini) of Taiwan, with descriptions of four new species.

The noctuid taxon Hoplodrina implacata species complex comprises so far five species ranging in China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan. Previously only H. implacata (Wileman West, 1929) was recorded in Taiwan. The present study reviews this group in Taiwan, totally four new species, i.e., H. cienensis sp. nov., H. obscura sp. nov., H. bunun sp. nov., H. kononenkoi sp. nov, are described and a key to all Taiwanese species is given.

A new species of Isopsestis (Lepidoptera: Thyatiridae) from Yunnan, China.

A new species of genus Isopsestis Werny, 1968 (Lepidoptera: Thyatiridae), Isopsestis poculiformis sp. nov., is described from the locality 2660m elevation in Northeast Yunnan, China, and compared with its closest ally. Male adult and genitalia of the new species are illustrated and a distribution map of the genus Isopsestis Werny, 1968 is provided.

A new species of the genus Toxoides Hampson, 1893 (Lepidoptera: Thyatiridae) from China.

A new species of the genus Toxoides, T. sichuanensis sp. n. is described based on specimens collected in Sichuan, China. Illustrations of male adult and male genitalia are provided, together with a distribution map of the genus Toxoides.

Laetosphecia, a new genus of clearwing moths from south-eastern China, with a brief review of the Sesiini from China (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae).

In this study, a new genus of Sesiini, Laetosphecia Kallies & Arita gen. nov., is described. The type species, Laetosphecia variegata (Walker, 1865) comb. nov., and a new species, Laetosphecia brideliana Kallies & Arita spec. nov., occur in south-eastern China (Province of Guangdong and Hong Kong). The larvae of both species cause galls in small branches of Bridelia tomentosa Blume (Phyllanthaceae). Furthermore, Laetosphecia leucozona (Hampson, 1919) comb. nov. from north-eastern India is transferred to the new genus. Additionally, we briefly review the Sesiini fauna of Mainland China and present an updated checklist for this region. Trilochana caseariae Yang & Wang, 1989 syn. nov. is established as a junior synonym of Trilochana scolioides Moore, 1879. Lenyra ashtaroth (Westwood, 1848) and Sphecosesia rhodites Kallies & Arita, 2004 are reported from China for the first time.

Phylogeny, systematics and biogeography of the genus panolis (lepidoptera: noctuidae) based on morphological and molecular evidence.

The genus Panolis is a small group of noctuid moths with six recognized species distributed from Europe to East Asia, and best known for containing the widespread Palearctic pest species P. flammea, the pine beauty moth. However, a reliable classification and robust phylogenetic framework for this group of potentially economic importance are currently lacking. Here, we use morphological and molecular data (mitochondrial genes cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S ribosomal RNA, nuclear gene elongation factor-1 alpha) to reconstruct the phylogeny of this genus, with a comprehensive systematic revision of all recognized species and a new one, P. ningshan sp. nov. The analysis results of maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inferring methods for the combined morphological and molecular data sets are highly congruent, resulting in a robust phylogeny and identification of two clear species groups, i.e., the P. flammea species group and the P. exquisita species group. We also estimate the divergence times of Panolis moths using two conventional mutation rates for the arthropod mitochondrial COI gene with a comparison of two molecular clock models, as well as reconstruct their ancestral areas. Our results suggest that 1) Panolis is a young clade, originating from the Oriental region in China in the Late Miocene (6-10Mya), with an ancestral species in the P. flammea group extending northward to the Palearctic region some 3-6 Mya; 2) there is a clear possibility for a representative of the Palearctic clade to become established as an invasive species in the Nearctic taiga.