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1.
Bioorg Med Chem Lett ; 26(2): 472-478, 2016 Jan 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26704266

RESUMO

The synthesis, structural activity relationships (SAR), and selectivity profile of a potent series of phenylalanine diamide FXIa inhibitors will be discussed. Exploration of P1 prime and P2 prime groups led to the discovery of compounds with high FXIa affinity, good potency in our clotting assay (aPPT), and high selectivity against a panel of relevant serine proteases as exemplified by compound 21. Compound 21 demonstrated good in vivo efficacy (EC50=2.8µM) in the rabbit electrically induced carotid arterial thrombosis model (ECAT).


Assuntos
Anilidas/farmacologia , Fator XIa/antagonistas & inibidores , Fenilalanina/análogos & derivados , Fenilalanina/farmacologia , Anilidas/síntese química , Animais , Cristalografia por Raios X , Cães , Fenilalanina/síntese química , Coelhos , Relação Estrutura-Atividade
2.
J Med Chem ; 65(3): 1770-1785, 2022 02 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34494428

RESUMO

Factor XIa (FXIa) is an enzyme in the coagulation cascade thought to amplify thrombin generation but has a limited role in hemostasis. From preclinical models and human genetics, an inhibitor of FXIa has the potential to be an antithrombotic agent with superior efficacy and safety. Reversible and irreversible inhibitors of FXIa have demonstrated excellent antithrombotic efficacy without increased bleeding time in animal models (Weitz, J. I., Chan, N. C. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2019, 39 (1), 7-12). Herein, we report the discovery of a novel series of macrocyclic FXIa inhibitors containing a pyrazole P2' moiety. Optimization of the series for (pharmacokinetic) PK properties, free fraction, and solubility resulted in the identification of milvexian (BMS-986177/JNJ-70033093, 17, FXIa Ki = 0.11 nM) as a clinical candidate for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disorders, suitable for oral administration.


Assuntos
Trombose das Artérias Carótidas , Fator XIa , Fibrinolíticos , Pirimidinas , Triazóis , Animais , Camundongos , Coelhos , Administração Oral , Trombose das Artérias Carótidas/tratamento farmacológico , Fator XIa/antagonistas & inibidores , Fibrinolíticos/administração & dosagem , Fibrinolíticos/síntese química , Fibrinolíticos/farmacocinética , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapêutico , Macaca fascicularis , Estrutura Molecular , Pirazóis/administração & dosagem , Pirazóis/síntese química , Pirazóis/farmacocinética , Pirazóis/uso terapêutico , Pirimidinas/administração & dosagem , Pirimidinas/síntese química , Pirimidinas/farmacocinética , Pirimidinas/uso terapêutico , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Triazóis/administração & dosagem , Triazóis/síntese química , Triazóis/farmacocinética , Triazóis/uso terapêutico
3.
J Med Chem ; 63(13): 7226-7242, 2020 07 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32456431

RESUMO

Oral factor XIa (FXIa) inhibitors may provide a promising new antithrombotic therapy with an improved benefit to bleeding risk profile over existing antithrombotic agents. Herein, we report application of a previously disclosed cyclic carbamate P1 linker which provided improved oral bioavailability in the imidazole-based 13-membered macrocycle to the 12-membered macrocycle. This resulted in identification of compound 4 with desired FXIa inhibitory potency and good oral bioavailability but high in vivo clearance. Further structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of heterocyclic core modifications to replace the imidazole core as well as various linkers to the P1 group led to the discovery of compound 6f, a potent FXIa inhibitor with selectivity against most of the relevant serine proteases. Compound 6f also demonstrated excellent pharmacokinetics (PK) profile (high oral bioavailability and low clearance) in multiple preclinical species. Compound 6f achieved robust antithrombotic efficacy in a rabbit efficacy model at doses which preserved hemostasis.


Assuntos
Fator XIa/antagonistas & inibidores , Fibrinolíticos/administração & dosagem , Fibrinolíticos/farmacologia , Administração Oral , Animais , Disponibilidade Biológica , Cristalografia por Raios X , Cães , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Fator XIa/química , Fator XIa/metabolismo , Fibrinolíticos/química , Fibrinolíticos/farmacocinética , Humanos , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Compostos Macrocíclicos/administração & dosagem , Compostos Macrocíclicos/química , Compostos Macrocíclicos/farmacocinética , Compostos Macrocíclicos/farmacologia , Modelos Moleculares , Coelhos , Relação Estrutura-Atividade
4.
Protein Sci ; 16(3): 355-61, 2007 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17322526

RESUMO

Eph receptors and ephrins play important roles in regulating cell migration and positioning during both normal and oncogenic tissue development. Using a surface plasma resonance (SPR) biosensor, we examined the binding kinetics of representative monomeric and dimeric ephrins to their corresponding Eph receptors and correlated the apparent binding affinity with their functional activity in a neuronal growth cone collapse assay. Our results indicate that the Eph receptor binding of dimeric ephrins, formed through fusion with disulfide-linked Fc fragments, is best described using a bivalent analyte model as a two-step process involving an initial monovalent 2:1 binding followed by a second bivalent 2:2 binding. The bivalent binding dramatically decreases the apparent dissociation rate constants with little effect on the initial association rate constants, resulting in a 30- to 6000-fold decrease in apparent equilibrium dissociation constants for the binding of dimeric ephrins to Eph receptors relative to their monomeric counterparts. Interestingly, the change was more prominent in the A-class ephrin/Eph interactions than in the B-class of ephrins to Eph receptors. The increase in apparent binding affinities correlated well with increased activation of Eph receptors and the resulting growth cone collapse. Our kinetic analysis and correlation of binding affinity with function helped us better understand the interactions between ephrins and Eph receptors and should be useful in the design of inhibitors that interfere with the interactions.


Assuntos
Efrina-A5/fisiologia , Efrina-B2/fisiologia , Cones de Crescimento/metabolismo , Receptor EphA3/fisiologia , Receptor EphB2/fisiologia , Animais , Técnicas Biossensoriais , Linhagem Celular , Dimerização , Efrina-A5/química , Efrina-A5/isolamento & purificação , Efrina-B2/química , Efrina-B2/isolamento & purificação , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Hipocampo/ultraestrutura , Humanos , Cinética , Camundongos , Ratos , Receptor EphA3/química , Receptor EphA3/isolamento & purificação , Receptor EphB2/química , Receptor EphB2/isolamento & purificação , Ressonância de Plasmônio de Superfície
5.
ACS Med Chem Lett ; 6(5): 590-5, 2015 May 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26005539

RESUMO

Structure-activity relationship optimization of phenylalanine P1' and P2' regions with a phenylimidazole core resulted in a series of potent FXIa inhibitors. Introducing 4-hydroxyquinolin-2-one as the P2' group enhanced FXIa affinity and metabolic stability. Incorporation of an N-methyl piperazine amide group to replace the phenylalanine improved both FXIa potency and aqueous solubility. Combination of the optimization led to the discovery of FXIa inhibitor 13 with a FXIa K i of 0.04 nM and an aPTT EC2x of 1.0 µM. Dose-dependent efficacy (EC50 of 0.53 µM) was achieved in the rabbit ECAT model with minimal bleeding time prolongation.

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