Pulse circulation gas chromatography on capillary columns.

The method and equipment for pulse circulation high-resolution gas chromatography on glass capillary columns have been developed. The separation of a mixture of C(6)H(6), C(6)H(5)D, C(6)H(3)D(3) and C(6) D(6) on carbonized columns coated with squalane has been taken as an example to show the advantages of the method. An efficiency of about 5 x 10(6) theoretical plates has been achieved with a capacity factor of k = 1.

Experimental substantiation of the possibility of developing selenium- and iodine-containing pharmaceuticals based on blue-green algae Spirulina platensis.

The great potential of using blue-green algae Spirulina platensis as a matrix for the production of selenium- and iodine-containing pharmaceuticals is shown experimentally. The background levels of 31 major, minor and trace elements (Na, Mg, Al, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni (using (n,p) reaction), As, Br, Zn, Rb, Mo, Ag, Sb, I, Ba, Sm, Tb, Tm, Hf, Ta, W, Au, Hg, Th) in S. platensis biomass were determined by means of epithermal neutron activation analysis. The dependence of selenium and iodine accumulation in spirulina biomass on a nutrient medium loading of the above elements was characterized. To demonstrate the possibilities of determining toxic element intake by spirulina biomass, mercury was selected. The technological parameters for production of iodinated treatment-and-prophylactic pills are developed.

[The pharmacokinetics of different drug forms of nifedipine when used singly and in a course as monotherapy and in combination with Cordanum and triampur preparations in patients with arterial hypertension]. / Izuchenie farmakokinetiki razlichnykh lekarstvennykh form nifedipina pri odnokratnom i kursovom primenenii v monoterapii i v sochetanii s preparatami kordanum i triampur u bol'nykh s arterial'noi gipertoniei.

Pharmacokinetics of three drugs derived from nifedipine: corinfar, corinfar retard, and SL adalate in the cases of a single and course administration in patients with arterial hypertension and the effect of cordanum and triampur on pharmacokinetics of corinfar retard in combined repeated administration have been studied. The studies were carried out in 6 groups of patients with arterial Hypertension, each group included 10 patients. Nifedipine concentration in blood plasma was determined using a special HPLC procedure within 24 h after administration of the drugs at a dose 20 mg. A pharmacokinetic characteristics of new drug adalate SL with two-step liberation of nifedipine. A possibility of autoinhibition was noted for corinfar and adalate SL in course therapy. A conclusion was made that cordanum and triampur did not affect the pharmacokinetics of corinfar retard.

[A pharmacokinetic study of korinfar-retard in monotherapy and in combination with cordanum and triampur in patients with arterial hypertension]. / Izuchenie farmakokinetiki korinfara-retard v monoterapii i v sochetanii s kordanumom i triampurom u bol'nykh s arterial'noi gipertenziei.

The long-acting corinfar formulation, corinfar-retard tablets, 20 mg (AWD, Germany), was studied for pharmacokinetics in single and course use in 40 patients with arterial hypertension, as well as for its effects of cordanum and triampur. Patients' plasma corinfar was measured by high performance liquid chromatography. There were no changes in the pharmacokinetics of the agent when it was used in its course use. Cordanum and triampur was demonstrated to have no effects on the pharmacokinetics of corinfar during their application.

[The clinical efficacy of Korinfar-retard in combination with Cordanum, triampur and Capoten in patients with arterial hypertension]. / Klinicheskaia éffektivnost' korinfar-retard v sochetanii s kordanumom, triampurom, kapotenom u bol'nykh s arterial'noi gipertoniei.

Corinfar-retard as a base of different combinations with triampur, Cordanum, Capoten were studied in 52 patients with stable arterial hypertension (systolic pressure > 180 mm Hg, diastolic pressure > 105 mm Hg). In the above combinations pharmacokinetics of corinfar-retard did not change. Good response was noted in corinfar-retard combination with Cordanum in patients with moderate hemodynamic changes, hypertonicity of sympathoadrenal system, tachycardia. In patients with impaired myocardial contractility, elevated total peripheral vascular resistance, noticeable hypotensive effects was registered in combination with triampur. The absence of hypotensive effect in the above combination required the addition of Capoten which was absolutely indicated in patients with stable increase in plasma renin activity.

[Use of low-frequency ultrasound with special gas agents in acute generalized peritonitis]. / Primenenie nizkochastotnogo ul'trazvuka s tselevymi gazoobraznymi agentami pri ostrom rasprostranennom peritonite.

Optimal parameters of peritoneal cavity treatment by low-frequency ultrasound with alternative use of carbon dioxide and oxygen were selected in experimental animals. Sanitation of peritoneal cavity in fecal peritonitis led to a significant desintoxication effect. The results of treatment of acute generalized peritonitis by this method in 28 patients were good. On day 2 or 3 after surgery all the patients underwent extracorporeal detoxication with hemosorbent AUSRITC-1 with good result. In severe toxemia and water-electrolyte disturbances plasmapheresis was applied. 4 patients of 28 died, lethality was 14.2%.

Airborne radionuclides in mosses collected at different latitudes.

Terrestrial mosses are a promising medium for investigation and monitoring of airborne radionuclide depositions due to their widespread occurrence, ease of sampling, and the possibility of high-resolution gamma spectrometry measurements without preparatory chemical treatment of samples. The overall objective of the present study was to compare (7)Be, (210)Pb and (137)Cs activity concentrations (in Bq/kg) in moss samples collected at two different climate zones: the south of Thailand (7 °N) and in Serbia (∼45 °N) in order to examine deposition of airborne radionuclide in these distant areas. Significant difference of the (210)Pb content (almost a factor of 2) in mosses was observed. The mean value of (7)Be activity in samples from Serbia was almost 40% higher than activity of those collected in Thailand. Level of (137)Cs in Thailand mosses was below the detection limit. It was shown that air transport of water droplets in the area of waterfalls and strong turbulence can deposit U and Th daughter nuclei.

Atmospheric deposition of trace element pollutants in Macedonia studied by the moss biomonitoring technique.

For the first time the atmospheric deposition of trace metals was studied over the entire territory of the Republic of Macedonia. Samples of the terrestrial mosses Hypnum cupressiforme, Camptothecium lutescens, and Homalothecium sericeum were collected in September-October 2002 at 73 sites evenly distributed over the country, and a total of 43 elements were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry. Principal component factor analysis was used to identify the most polluted areas and characterize different pollution sources. The most important sources of trace metal deposition are ferrous and non-ferrous smelters, oil refineries, fertilizer production plants, and central heating stations. Four areas appear to be particularly exposed to metal pollution: Veles, Skopje, Tetovo, and Kavadarci-Negotino, whereas the predominantly agricultural regions in the south, southwest, and southeast show levels closer to European median values for most elements of mainly pollution origin.