Impact of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast inoculation mode on wine composition.

Inoculation modes are known to affect yeast behavior. Here, we characterized the impact of ADY and pre-culturing on the composition of the resulting wine, fermented by four commercial strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Classical oenological parameters were not affected by the yeast inoculation mode. Using an untargeted metabolomic approach, a significant distinction in wine composition was noted regardless of the strain between the two inoculation modes, each associated with a specific metabolomic signature. 218 and 895 biomarkers were annotated, respectively, for ADYs associated with the preservation of wine polyphenols, and for pre-cultures related to the modulation of yeast nitrogen metabolism. Volatilome analysis revealed that the ester family was that most impacted by the inoculation mode whatever the strain. Ester production was enhanced in ADY condition. For the first time, the complete reprogramming of the yeast metabolism was revealed as a function of yeast preparation, which significantly impacts its volatilome and exometabolome.

Bacteria in the blood of healthy stray dogs infested by ticks in northern Mexico.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to determine the richness, abundance, and diversity of bacteria in stray dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) infested by ticks in Comarca Lagunera, northern Mexico, and to establish their pathogenic and or/zoonotic potential. Materials and Methods: Blood samples from 12 dogs were collected, and their deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted. The V3-V4 region of the 16S ribosomal ribunocleic acid gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on a MiSeq Illumina platform, and the data were analyzed using quantitative insights into microbial ecology. Results: The operational taxonomic units resulted in 23 phyla, 54 classes, 89 orders, 189 families, 586 genera, and 620 bacterial species; among them, 64 species and/or bacterial genera with pathogenic or zoonotic potential were identified, some of which have been reported in the literature as relevant to public health (Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Brucella spp., Clostridium spp., Corynebacterium affermentants, Cutibacterium spp., Dietzia spp., Ehrlichia canis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, Leptotrichia spp., Mycobacterium spp., Paracoccus spp., and Roseomonas gilardii). Conclusion: This research offers relevant information on the prevalence of tick-borne diseases as well as other potential zoonotic diseases in the blood of stray dogs parasitized by ticks in northern Mexico. New molecular biology and massive NGS techniques may play an important role in the study and documentation of bacterial profiles from animals in close proximity to humans.

Full kinetic modeling analysis of [18F]fluorocholine Positron Emission Tomography (PET) at initial diagnosis of high-grade glioma.

PURPOSE: The main objective was to characterize the tracer uptake kinetics of [18F]fluoromethylcholine ([18F]F-CHO) in high-grade gliomas (HGG) through a full PET kinetic modeling approach. Secondarily, we aimed to explore the relationship between the PET uptake measures and the HGG molecular features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four patients with a suspected diagnosis of HGG were prospectively included. They underwent a dynamic brain [18F]F-CHO-PET/CT, from which a tumoral time-activity curve was extracted. The plasma input function was obtained through arterial blood sampling with metabolite correction. These data were fitted to 1- and 2-tissue-compartment models, the best of which was selected through the Akaike information criterion. We assessed the correlation between the kinetic parameters and the conventional static PET metrics (SUVmax, SUVmean and tumor-to-background ratio TBR). We explored the association between the [18F]F-CHO-PET quantitative parameters and relevant molecular biomarkers in HGG. RESULTS: Tumoral time-activity curves in all patients showed a rapid rise of [18F]F-CHO uptake followed by a plateau-like shape. Best fits were obtained with near-irreversible 2-tissue-compartment models. The perfusion-transport constant K1 and the net influx rate Ki showed strong correlation with SUVmax (r = 0.808-0.861), SUVmean (r = 0.794-0.851) and TBR (r = 0.643-0.784), p < 0.002. HGG was confirmed in 21 patients, of which those with methylation of the O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene promoter showed higher mean Ki (p = 0.020), K1 (p = 0.025) and TBR (p = 0.001) than the unmethylated ones. CONCLUSION: [18F]F-CHO uptake kinetics in HGG is best explained by a 2-tissue-compartment model. The conventional static [18F]F-CHO-PET measures have been validated against the perfusion-transport constant (K1) and the net influx rate (Ki) derived from kinetic modeling. A relationship between [18F]F-CHO uptake rate and MGMT methylation is suggested but needs further confirmation.

Gut microbiota in Mexican patients with common variable immunodeficiency

Introduction: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the main symptomatic primary immunodeficiency and is associated with complex immune disorders. Gut microbiota interacts closely with the immune system, and intestinal dysbiosis is related to multiple diseases. Objective: To describe for the first time the composition of gut microbiota in Mexican patients with CVID. Methods: Fecal samples from five patients with CVID were collected and massive sequencing of the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene was carried out using illumina technology. Results: Bacterial relative abundance was observed at all taxonomic levels. Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia were the predominant phyla. The Clostridia class and the Clostridial order were the most common in their respective taxon; the Ruminococcaceae family predominated. A total of 166 genera were reported, with the most abundant being Faecalibacterium. Five species were identified, but only Bifidobacterium longum was present in all patients. Conclusions: Unlike healthy subjects' gut microbiota, where Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes predominate, the microbiota of the patients with CVID considered in this study was abundant in Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. The low presence of Bacteroidetes and high abundance of Firmicutes might indicate the existence of intestinal dysbiosis in these patients.

Actitudes de la madre hacia el contacto precoz piel a piel con el recién nacido a término en la Unidad de Neonatología, Hospistal Base II EsSalud Huánuco 2014 / Attitudes of the mother towards the early skin-to-skin contact with the newborn to term in the Neonatology Unit, Hospistal Base II EsSalud, Huanuco 2014

El objetivo fue determinar la actitudes de las madres hacia el contacto precoz piel a piel con el recién nacido a término en Hospital Base II. EsSalud. Material y Método. El estudio es de tipo cuantitativo, método descriptivo de corte transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 30 madres. La técnica fue la encuesta y el instrumento una Escala de Likert Modificada, aplicado previo consentimiento informado. Resultados. Del 100 por ciento (30) madres, 60 por ciento (18) presentan una actitud favorable y 40 por ciento (12) desfavorable, en la dimensión vínculo afectivo 57 por ciento (17) favorable y 43 por ciento (12) desfavorable, en la dimensión lactancia materna 53 por ciento (16) favorable y 47 por ciento (14) desfavorable, en la dimensión termorregulación 57 por ciento (17) desfavorable y 43 por ciento (13) favorable. Conclusiones. Las actitudes de las madres hacia el método de contacto precoz piel a piel con el recién nacido a término el mayor porcentaje es favorable referido a que el recién nacido debe estar desnudo para ser colocado en el pecho de su madre, es mejor que este bañado y limpio para ser colocado en el pecho de su madre, se debe separar al recién nacido de la madre inmediatamente después de nacer, porque el bebé puede ponerse mal, ayuda a la lactancia materna temprana y mantiene su temperatura; seguido de un porcentaje considerable que manifiesta que es desfavorable ya que el contacto inmediato después del nacimiento hace que pierda calor y se enfrié, se demore en comenzar a lactar durante el contacto piel a piel...

The objective was to determine the attitudes of mothers towards the early contact skin-to-skin with the newborn baby to term Hospital Base II EsSalud. Material and Method: The study is quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional method. The sample was conformed by 30 mothers. The technique was the survey and the instrument a scale of Liker modified, applied prior informed consent. Results: 100 per cent (30), 60 per cent (18) are a positive attitude and 40 per cent (12) unfavorable, the dimension link affective 57 per cent (17) favorable and 43 per cent (12) unfavorable, lactation maternal 53 per cent (16) dimension favorable and 47 per cent (14) unfavourable, in the thermoregulation 57 per cent (17) dimension unfavorably and 43 per cent (13) favorable. Conclusions: The attitudes of mothers towards the method of early skin-to-skin contact with the newborn to term the highest percentage referred to Pro is the newborn must be naked to be placed on the chest of his mother, is better than this bathed and clean to be placed on his mother's breast, it should be separated to the newborn from the mother immediately after birth because the baby can be wrong, support early breastfeeding and maintains its temperature; followed by a considerable percentage that expresses that it is unfavorable since the immediate contact after birth makes you lose heat and is cool, delay in beginning to breast-feed during contact skin-to-skin...