RESUMO
It has been 75 years since Evans and Long identified a somatic growth-promoting substance in pituitary extracts, yet it is only in the last 20 years that the molecular basis for this action has been established. Three key elements in this elucidation were the cloning of the GH receptor, the identification of Janus kinase (JAK) 2 as the receptor-associated tyrosine kinase, and the delineation of signal transduction and activators of transcription (STAT) 5a/b as the key transcription factor(s) activated by JAK2. The interaction between these three elements results in enhanced postnatal growth and is the subject of this review. We describe a new model for GH receptor activation based on subunit rotation within a constitutive dimer, together with the phenotype and hepatic transcript profile of mice with targeted knockins to the receptor cytoplasmic domain. These support a central role for STAT5a/b in postnatal growth.
Assuntos
Hormônio do Crescimento/fisiologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Clonagem Molecular , Hormônio do Crescimento/genética , Hormônio do Crescimento/metabolismo , Humanos , Janus Quinase 2 , Camundongos , Modelos Moleculares , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Conformação Proteica , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases/química , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/química , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição STAT5/fisiologia , Fator de Transcrição STAT6/fisiologiaRESUMO
Workshops are an important part of the IFPA annual meeting as they allow for discussion of specialised topics. At the 2015 IFPA annual meeting there were 12 themed workshops, three of which are summarized in this report. These workshops related to various aspects of placental biology and collectively covered areas of obesity and the placenta, stem cells of the feto-maternal interface, and placental immunobiology and infection.