RESUMO
Urban rivers are affected at different levels by the intensification of human activities, representing a serious threat to the maintenance of terrestrial life and sustainable urban development. Consequently, great efforts have been dedicated to the ecological restoration of urban rivers around the world, as a solution to recovering the environmental functionality of these environments. In this sense, the present work aimed to investigate the effectiveness of interventions carried out aimed at the recovery of urban rivers, through a systematic review of the literature between 2010 and 2022, using the search term "rivers recovery." The results showed that there have been notable advances in the implementation of river recovery programs in urban areas around the world between the years analyzed. The ecosystems studied were affected, for the most part, by the increase in the supply of nutrients from domestic and industrial effluents, in addition to having highly urbanized surroundings and with several changes in land use patterns. The preparation of this literature review made it possible to demonstrate that the effectiveness of river recovery is extremely complex, since river recovery projects are developed for different reasons, as well as being carried out in different ways according to the intended objective.
Assuntos
Rios , Rios/química , Ecossistema , Recuperação e Remediação Ambiental/métodos , Humanos , Conservação dos Recursos NaturaisRESUMO
Resumo O 12º Congresso Internacional de Zoologia realizou-se em Lisboa, em 1935. Da sua memória concreta constam insígnias - estrela-do-mar - e caricaturas de zoólogos. A partir de investigação no Arquivo do Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência/Universidade de Lisboa, pretendemos interrogar a cenografia material, pensada pelo zoólogo Artur Ricardo Jorge pela aproximação epistémica às potencialidades da biografia de objetos científicos. Esta nota de pesquisa pretende deixar a marca de um discurso científico traduzido em materialidades de circulação em espaço público, na Europa globalizante dos anos 1930, com referências de poder científico, no contexto do Estado Novo português, inaugurado, constitucionalmente, em 1933.
Abstract The material memory of the 12th International Congress of Zoology, held in Lisbon in 1935 includes insignias - the starfish - and caricatures of zoologists. Through an investigation of the archives at the University of Lisbon's National Museum of Natural History and Science, we intend to investigate the material landscape as conceived by the zoologist Artur Ricardo Jorge by drawing epistemologically on the potentialities of the biography of scientific objects. This research note reveals a scientific discourse translated into materialities circulated in public spaces in the globalized Europe of the 1930s, with references from scientific power, in the context of Portugal's Estado Novo regime, enshrined in its 1933 constitution.
Assuntos
Zoologia , Congressos como Assunto , Internacionalidade , Portugal , História do Século XXRESUMO
Resumo Doenças sexualmente transmissíveis (DST) são a principal causa global de doença aguda e morte e representam elevado custo socioeconômico. Universitários são altamente expostos. A pesquisa desenvolvida na Unicamp teve como objetivo quantificar e gerar autopercepção do (des)conhecimento sobre as DST, além de avaliar o interesse em uma disciplina sobre o tema. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi o questionário enviado eletronicamente aos graduandos do final de 2011 e aos alunos recém-ingressos em 2012. Responderam o questionário 1.448 veteranos e 371 calouros. Não tinham tido atividade sexual 20% dos veteranos e 38% dos calouros. Dos alunos que já haviam tido, 26,9% não tinham parceria fixa e 28,2%, mais que duas parcerias/ano. O preservativo foi usado por 99% dos alunos, mas menos de 20% deles faziam uso adequado. Cerca de 80% não sabiam que o preservativo não protege fora da área de barreira; pretendiam ler mais sobre DST e aprenderam algo sobre o assunto. Quase a metade julgou que uma disciplina deveria ser oferecida a todos os graduandos. Estes dados serão úteis para definir estratégias de prevenção e o instrumento didático poderá ser utilizado em outros ambientes de ensino.
Abstract Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are the main global cause of acute illness and death and represent a high socioeconomic cost. Undergraduate students are highly exposed to STDs. The research developed at UNICAMP sought to quantify and generate self-perception of knowledge(or lack thereof) about STDs, as well as evaluate the interest of the students in a course on the topic. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire sent electronically to students about to graduate at the end of 2011 and to freshmen in 2012. The questionnaire was answered by 1,448 seniors and 371 freshmen. Twenty percent of seniors and 38% of freshmen had no sexual activity. Among sexually active students, 26.9% had no regular partner and 28.2% more than two partners per year. The condom was used by 99% of students, but less than 20% used them appropriately. About 80% were unaware that condoms do not provide protection outside the barrier area; they intended to read more about STDs and learnt something about the subject. Nearly half of the students considered that a course should be offered to all undergraduates. These findings will be of use in defining strategies for prevention and the teaching tool could be used in other learning environments.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/prevenção & controle , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Estudantes , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , AutorrelatoRESUMO
AbstractBACKGROUND:Some research indicates that physicians do not dominate the expected dermatological content for the proper exercise of the profession. This fact compromises their diagnostic and therapeutic performance, generating unnecessary costs.OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to evaluate the relevance of Dermatology and the knowledge acquired in the specialty during the undergraduate course in clinical practice of graduates at the State University of Campinas Medical School (FCM/UNICAMP).METHOD:A questionnaire with 22 closed questions and two open ones was electronically sent to physicians who had graduated more than 10 years ago and others for less than 10 years. In the first group, physicians were trained by the same curriculum and in the second group there were subjects trained by the old and the new curriculum.RESULTS:Of the 126 respondents, 83% had completed a specialization course. Among all, 82% did not study dermatology after graduation. The majority considered that Dermatology has high relevance in clinical practice, regardless of the group. There was a statistically significant difference between non-dermatologist doctors graduated for more than 10 years and those graduated for less than 10 years regarding confidence about lesion diagnosis, diagnostic investigation and treatment of skin diseases. Physicians who have graduated for a longer time feel more insecure in relation to patients with dermatoses. Concerning contributions offered by graduation program completion they prioritized outpatient care, ability to diagnose, knowledge of pathology, research and knowledge of lesions.CONCLUSION:This study has shown that Dermatology is relevant in medical practice and more recent graduates from the FCM/UNICAMP feel less insecure when treating a patient with dermatoses.
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Competência Clínica/normas , Dermatologia/educação , Educação de Graduação em Medicina/normas , Faculdades de Medicina/normas , Brasil , Currículo/normas , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Inquéritos e Questionários , Dermatopatias/diagnóstico , Dermatopatias/terapia , Fatores de Tempo , UniversidadesRESUMO
O presente estudo objetivou o desenvolvimento de suco de abacaxi elaborado a partir dos resíduos das indústrias de conserva da região de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul(Brasil). O processamento do suco-base a partir da obtenção das cascas, centros e aparas da fruta consistiu das etapas de branqueamento, prensagem e filtragem. A partir do suco-base foram desenvolvidas formulações com diferentes percentagens de sacarose e adição ou não de corante. A formulação com 7,2 por cento de sacarose obteve maior índice de aceitação (80,8 por cento). Concluiu-se que é viável a elaboração de suco de abacaxi a partir de resíduos de sua industrialização.