Analysis of photobiomodulation associated or not with platelet-rich plasma on repair of muscle tissue by Raman spectroscopy.

Treatment of muscle injuries usually results in the interruption of sports practice; thus, studies aimed at accelerating the return to activity, with proper tissue repair, are important. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM), associated or not with platelet-rich plasma (PRP), on the treatment of muscle injury. Thirty-five animals were used and divided into five groups (n = 7): control (C), control lesion (CL), lesion treated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) (LLt), lesion treated with PRP (LP), and lesion treated with both techniques, LLLT and PRP (LLtP). Muscle injury was induced by stretching the gastrocnemius muscle, and the animals in the LLtP and LP groups received the application of PRP immediately following the injury. The LLLT was applied daily for 7 days. The animals were euthanized 7 days after the injury. Analysis of the NADH/NAD ratio and collagen was performed by Raman spectroscopy; in addition to which, histological analysis of the gastrocnemius muscle was performed. The LLtP group demonstrated a reduction in the area of injury, regenerating cells and a healthy appearance of muscle fibers. The Raman analyses showed a reduction in the NADH/NAD ratio in the CL group, demonstrating oxidative stress, and the collagen presented a reduction in the CL and LLt groups, when compared with the C group. It is concluded that either PBM or PRP, and the association of both, was able to reduce the oxidative stress promoted by injury and modulate collagen production at the site of the injury. Furthermore, although both treatments individually were effective for repairing the damage caused by muscle injury, the association of both demonstrated a better histological aspect.

Muscle strength training is better than the use of growth hormone (GH) in bone health of Wistar rats / Entrenamiento de la fuerza muscular es mejor que el uso de la hormona del crecimiento (GH) en salud ósea del ratas Wistar

SUMMARY: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of growth hormone (GH) and muscle strength training (ST) on the composition of bone tissue of Wistar rats through Raman spectroscopy. In total, 40 male rats were randomly distributed into four groups: (N = 10) control (C), control with the application of GH (GHC), strength training (T), and strength training with the application of GH (GHT). The training consisted of four series of 10 water jumps, performed three times a week, with an overload corresponding to 50 % of body weight and duration of four weeks. GH was applied at a dose of 0.2 IU / kg in each animal three times a week and every other day. After four weeks, the animals were euthanized and the right femurs collected for analysis of the bone structure. Raman spectroscopy (ER) was used to observe the following compounds from their respective bands: Calcium Carbonate-Triglycerides (fatty acids) 1073 cm-1, Collagen type I 509 cm-1, Bone-DNA Phosphate (Protein) 589 cm-1, Phosphate Phospholipids 1078 cm-1. For the statistical analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk and ANOVA One-Way variance analysis normality tests were performed, followed by the Tukey post-test. The results showed an increase in the concentrations of calcium carbonate-triglycerides (fatty acids), type I collagen, bone phosphate-DNA (protein), and phosphate phospholipids in all experimental groups, with or without ST and/or GH , But only the isolated training group differed significantly from the control group (P <0.05). It was concluded that all treatments could promote bone tissue gain, however, only the T group demonstrated a significant difference in the mineral compounds analyzed.

RESUMEN: El objetivo del estudio fue avaluar el efecto de la aplicación de la hormona del crecimiento (GH) y entrenamiento de la fuerza muscular (EF) en la composición del tejido óseo de ratas Wistar a partir de la espectroscopía Raman. Fueron utilizadas 40 ratas machos distribuidas de forma aleatoria en cuatro grupos (n=10): control (C), control y aplicación de GH (GHC), entrenamiento de la fuerza muscular (EF) y entrenamiento de la fuerza muscular y aplicación del GH (GHE). El entrenamiento fue consistió en cuatro series de 10 saltos acuáticos, realizados tres veces en la semana, con sobrecarga correspondiente a 50 % de la masa corporal y durante cuatro semanas. El GH fue aplicado en la dosificación de 0,2 UI/kg en cada animal, tres veces en la semana y en días alternados. Después de cuatro semanas, los animales fueran eutanasiados y retirados los fémures derechos para un análisis de la estructura ósea. La espectroscopía Raman fue utilizada para observar los siguientes compuestos a partir de las respectivas bandas: Carbonato de Calcio-Triglicéridos (ácidos grasos) 1073 cm-1, Colágeno Tipo I 509 cm-1, Fosfato Óseo-DNA (Proteína) 589 cm1, Fosfato Fosfolípidos 1078 cm-1. Para el análisis estadístico, fueron realizadas las pruebas Shapiro-Wilk y el análisis de variancia ANOVA One-Way, seguida de test post hoc de Tukey. Los resultados revelaran aumento de la concentración de Carbonato de Calcio-Triglicéridos (ácidos grasos), Colágeno Tipo I, Fosfato Óseo- DNA (Proteína), Fosfato Fosfolípidos en todos los grupos experimentales, asociados o no a la realización del EF y/o aplicación del GH. Además, solamente el grupo EF mostró diferencia significativa del grupo C (p<0,05). Es posible concluir que todos los tratamientos mostraran aumentos en el tejido óseo, sin embargo, solamente el grupo T demostró una diferencia significativa en los compuestos minerales analizados.

O Shiatsu como terapêutica alternativa em portadores de distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho / Shiatsu as alternative therapy for work-related musculoskeletal disorders

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se os pacientes diagnosticados como portadores de distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho (DORT), mas especificamente com a síndrome do túnel do carpo, obtém alívio da dor com a aplicação de técnicas da terapia Shiatsu. Além disso, comparar os resultados obtidos através deste recurso terapêutico com os resultados obtidos através da utilização de técnicas de tratamento convencional.MÉTODO: Para o presente estudo foram selecionados 15 indivíduos, sendo que 10 receberam tratamento através de terapia Shiatsu aplicada em cadeira de quick massage por aproximadamente 20 minutos, com duas sessões semanais, em período de 16 semanas e 5 receberam tratamento fisioterapêutico através de cinesioterapia, eletroterapia e mobilização neural neste mesmo período. O questionário de Boston foi a ferramenta utilizada para avaliar a gravidade dos sintomas (EGS) e o grau de funcionalidade (EEF) dos indivíduos antes e após a aplicação das técnicas citadas. RESULTADOS: Quando os índices obtidos nas escalas pré-tratamento pela terapia Shiatsu são comparados com os índices obtidos nas escalas pós-tratamento, constata-se diferença estatisticamente significativa de alívio da dor e melhora da funcionalidade. Contudo, quando os índices obtidos após terapia Shiatsu são comparados aos obtidos após terapia convencional, observa-se que não há diferença estatisticamente significativa. CONCLUSÃO: Ambas as terapias foram eficazes no controle da dor crônica de portadores de DORT.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed at evaluating whether patients with work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WRMD), more specifically those with carpal tunnel syndrome, have pain relief with Shiatsu therapy techniques. In addition, it aimed at comparing results of such therapeutic resource with results obtained through conventional techniques. METHOD: Participated in this study 15 people of whom 10 were treated with Shiatsu applied in quick massage chair for approximately 20 minutes, with two weekly sessions for 16 weeks, and 5 were treated with physical therapy through kinesiotherapy, electrotherapy and neural mobilization during the same period. Boston questionnaire was used to evaluate severity of symptoms (EGS) and the level of functionality (EEF) before and after the use of such techniques.RESULTS: When indices obtained in pre-treatment scales for Shiatsu therapy are compared to indices obtained in post-treatment there is statistically significant difference in pain relief and improved functionality. However, when indices obtained after Shiatsu therapy are compared to those obtained after conventional therapy, there is no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION: Carpal tunnel syndrome patients may benefit from alternative therapies, such as Shiatsu, with decreased chronic pain and improved functionality, similarly to conventional physical therapy techniques.