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1.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr ; 63(26): 7868-7877, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35343848

RESUMO

Eating habits developed during childhood can be perpetuated along life and contribute to the emergence of disorders. We aimed to investigate the influence of distractors during experimental meals on the energy intake of children and adolescents. We followed the PRISMA guidelines and the study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021259946). The PICOS strategy consisted of children and adolescents (P), exposed to distractors during meals (I), compared with no distraction (C) and the outcome was energy intake (Kcal) (O) evaluated in crossover and parallel randomized clinical trials (RCTs) (S). Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Proquest, Embase, and LILACs databases. We employed RoB 2 tool and NutriGrade. Databases searches returned 9,576 references. Thirteen articles were selected (five crossover and eight parallel RCTs). Volunteers aged 3 to 17 years-old. All studies evaluated TV as distractor. Most studies presented high/moderate risk of bias. Meta-analysis of parallel RCT indicated no significant difference in energy intake while eating with TV (MD = 0.05; 95% CI -0.13 - 0.23, P = 0.57), with moderate certainty level. In conclusion, under laboratory conditions, eating with distractors seems to barely alter energy intake for children and adolescents.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2022.2055525 .


Assuntos
Ingestão de Energia , Projetos de Pesquisa , Criança , Humanos , Adolescente , Pré-Escolar
2.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) ; 105(3): 442-451, 2021 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33452737

RESUMO

The objective was to conduct a systematic review to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with beta-adrenergic agonists on calpains and calpastatin activity in bovine muscle and changes in meat tenderness. A survey was conducted in June 2019 on Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and Capes Periodicals, using four keyword combinations: agonist and calpain and cattle; agonist and calpain and bovine; agonist and calpain and heifers; agonist and calpain and steers. Thirteen studies were selected, 54% concluded that supplementation with beta-adrenergic agonists increases calpastatin activity, 23% observed increase in their gene expression and 23% reported no effect on activity or expression of this enzyme. Nine studies evaluated the influence of beta-adrenergic agonists supplementation on meat texture and all found an increase in shear force values. There is strong evidence that beta-adrenergic agonists may increase calpastatin activity in the muscle, causing damage to meat tenderness.


Assuntos
Agonistas Adrenérgicos beta , Calpaína , Agonistas Adrenérgicos beta/metabolismo , Agonistas Adrenérgicos beta/farmacologia , Animais , Calpaína/metabolismo , Bovinos , Feminino , Carne , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Músculos/metabolismo , Proteólise
3.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr ; 58(11): 1937-1942, 2018 Jul 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28152316

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of n-3 ingestion on periodontal disease. Besides, we also investigated the relationship between plasma concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and/or aracdonic acid (AA), and periodontal disease. An electronic search was performed in several databases with the following keywords: "n-3," DHA, EPA and polynsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in combination with the term "periodontal disease" (PD). Only studies conducted with humans, involving clinical parameters of PD assessment and use of n-3 were selected, without restriction to the date of publication. The search has returned 1368 articles, 11 of which were selected. The results were separated according to the type of n-3 ingestion: supplementation or n-3 content in normal diet. In the studies where n-3 has been supplemented, there was no significant difference in the clinical severity of PD compared to the control subjects. However, in patients where levels of n-3 were evaluated in a usual diet, a lower disease severity was reported. We have detected a preventive effect related to plasma levels of EPA and DHA against PD progression. Thus, n-3 ingestion may beneficially interfere in PD progression, depending on the duration and dosage of consumption.


Assuntos
Dieta , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/administração & dosagem , Doenças Periodontais/prevenção & controle , Suplementos Nutricionais , Ácidos Docosa-Hexaenoicos/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Docosa-Hexaenoicos/sangue , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/administração & dosagem , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/sangue , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/sangue , Humanos , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto
4.
J Clin Periodontol ; 44(11): 1153-1163, 2017 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28800160

RESUMO

AIM: To evaluate the effects of physical training on inflammatory and behavioural parameters of Wistar rats with periodontal disease (PD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty four animals were distributed in a 2 × 2 factorial design (with and without exercise, with and without PD). Trained animals swimmed one hour daily during 8 weeks. PD was induced by ligature 14 days before the end of experiment, and in the last week, all animals were submitted to the Marble Burying Test. Histomorphometric analyses of the mandibles and expression of cytokines were conducted by Western blotting. We also evaluated the morphometry of hippocampal astrocytes using anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein antibody. RESULTS: Physical training attenuated bone loss and epithelial attachment loss levels of rats with PD. Trained animals with PD presented lower TNF-α expression in periodontal tissues while IL-10 was increased. TNF-α/IL-10 ratio was lower in trained animals with PD compared to those with induced periodontitis. PD increased anxiety-like behaviour, and physical training attenuated this parameter. Exercise increased the ramifications of hippocampal astrocytes in rats without PD. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise decreased anxiety behaviour, inflammatory proteins expression and bone loss in rats with PD.


Assuntos
Perda do Osso Alveolar/prevenção & controle , Ansiedade/prevenção & controle , Periodontite/terapia , Condicionamento Físico Animal , Animais , Western Blotting , Citocinas/análise , Gengiva/química , Masculino , Periodontite/psicologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar
5.
J Orthod ; 40(3): 218-24, 2013 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24009321

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate preadolescent oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) during the first month of fixed orthodontic appliance therapy. DESIGN: Descriptive study. SETTING: The Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics at Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: This study included a sample of 96 preadolescent children aged between 11 and 12 years undergoing orthodontic treatment with a fixed appliance. METHODS: Preadolescent children were required to answer the short form of the Brazilian version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11-14) before treatment (T0) and 1 month after placement of the fixed appliance (T1). Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test and the Bonferroni correction for the domains of CPQ11-14. RESULTS: Out of the 96 patients originally admitted, one gave up the treatment before the placement of bands and one failed to return the second questionnaire (T1). So, a sample of 94 preadolescents participated in this study, with a response rate of 97·9%. Among the 94 participants, 49 were females (52·1 %) and 45 were males (47·9 %). The mean age was 11·5 years (SD = 0·502). There was a statistically significant improvement in emotional well-being domain (P<0·001) as well as in the overall score (P = 0·032). However, there were no significant changes in oral symptoms, functional limitations and social well-being domains (P>0·013) before treatment and 1 month after the placement of fixed appliance. CONCLUSION: One month after the placement of fixed orthodontic appliance, the preadolescents had positive alterations in their OHRQoL mainly in the emotional well-being domain.


Assuntos
Saúde Bucal , Aparelhos Ortodônticos , Qualidade de Vida , Atividades Cotidianas , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Criança , Dispositivos para o Cuidado Bucal Domiciliar , Emoções , Feminino , Humanos , Relações Interpessoais , Masculino , Higiene Bucal/educação , Higiene Bucal/instrumentação , Fatores de Tempo , Escovação Dentária/instrumentação
6.
Arch Oral Biol ; 140: 105451, 2022 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35617755

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of voluntary physical activity (VPA) on inflammatory profile and the progression of experimental periodontal disease (PD) in mice. METHODS: Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly distributed into Control; VPA; PD and PD/VPA groups. We registered VPA (total volume of revolutions) and average speed (revolutions/minute) in a free running wheel for 30 days. On the 15th day, animals from the PD and PD/VPA groups received ligatures on the upper second molars bilaterally. On the 30th day animals were euthanized, and PD progression was assessed by measuring alveolar bone loss (ABL - the linear distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest on the teeth buccal surface). Gene expression of RANKL (kappa nuclear factor B receptor) OPG (osteoprotegerin), IL-1ß (interleukin 1 beta), IL-6 (interleukin 6) and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor alpha) were evaluated by real-time PCR (quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction - relative gene expression). RESULTS: The total volume of physical activity and the activity speed decreased along the seven days after ligature-placement (p < 0.05), returning to a similar pattern in relation to VPA group. Ligature placement produced significant bone resorption, and increased RANKL, IL-1ß, IL-6 and TNF-α expression. VPA reduced ABL (p < 0,05) and the expression of TNF-α and IL-1ß, whereas increased OPG expression. CONCLUSION: Animals induced to PD with access to the VPA wheel presented both lower gingival inflammation and less alveolar bone resorption in comparison to animals without access to the wheel.


Assuntos
Perda do Osso Alveolar , Periodontite , Perda do Osso Alveolar/patologia , Animais , Interleucina-6 , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Osteoprotegerina/metabolismo , Periodontite/metabolismo , Ligante RANK/metabolismo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo
7.
J Orthod ; 38(2): 107-12, 2011 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21677102

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To assess the aesthetic perceptions and expectations regarding the results of orthodontic treatment for alterations in the profile of Black patients with bi-protrusion through the extraction of four premolars and maximal anchorage. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Offices of plastic surgeons and orthodontists in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 152 individuals participated in the study and were divided into four groups: Group 1, 38 orthodontists; Group 2, 38 plastic surgeons; Group 3, 38 White laypersons; and Group 4, 38 Black laypersons. The patient sample was composed of six Black individuals (three males and three females) with varying degrees of bi-protrusion. Each participant was shown altered photographs of the profile of the final result of treatment, simulating three different bi-protrusion reduction options (2, 4 and 6 mm), which were united with the original initial and final photographs. OUTCOMES: Aesthetic preferences and expectations regarding the true result of treatment. DATA ANALYSIS: The chi-square test for linear trend with Bonferroni correction (á=P<0·008). RESULTS: The aesthetic preference for the majority of participants was for a straighter profile than those provided by the orthodontic treatment. Moreover, the actual profile resulting from the orthodontic treatment was correctly identified by just 22% of the Black laypersons, 22% of the White laypersons, 21% of the orthodontists and 17% of the plastic surgeons. There were significant differences between groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the view that society perceives straight profiles as aesthetically more pleasing in comparison to protruding or slightly protruding profiles.


Assuntos
Dente Pré-Molar/cirurgia , População Negra/psicologia , Estética Dentária , Má Oclusão/terapia , Extração Seriada , Adolescente , Adulto , Atitude , Brasil , Criança , Gráficos por Computador , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Procedimentos de Ancoragem Ortodôntica , Ortodontia , Ortodontia Corretiva , Fotografia Dentária , Cirurgia Plástica , Resultado do Tratamento , População Branca/psicologia , Adulto Jovem
8.
Nutrients ; 13(12)2021 Nov 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34959802

RESUMO

Dietary fiber supplementation has been studied as a promising strategy in the treatment of obesity and its comorbidities. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to verify whether the consumption of yeast beta-glucan (BG) favors weight loss in obese and non-obese rodents. The PICO strategy was employed, investigating rodents (Population), subjected to the oral administration of yeast BG (Intervention) compared to animals receiving placebo (Comparison), evaluating body weight changes (Outcome), and based on preclinical studies (Study design). Two reviewers searched six databases and the grey literature. We followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and the protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021267788). The search returned 2467 articles. Thirty articles were selected for full-text evaluation, and seven studies remained based on the eligibility criteria. The effects of BG intake on body weight were analyzed based on obese (n = 4 studies) and non-obese animals (n = 4 studies). Even though most studies on obese rodents (75%) indicated a reduction in body weight (qualitative analysis), the meta-analysis showed this was not significant (mean difference -1.35 g-95% CI -5.14:2.45). No effects were also observed for non-obese animals. We concluded that the ingestion of yeast BG barely affects the body weight of obese and non-obese animals.


Assuntos
Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Ingestão de Alimentos/fisiologia , Obesidade/metabolismo , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , beta-Glucanas/farmacologia , Animais , Camundongos , Ratos , Redução de Peso/efeitos dos fármacos
9.
Nutrients ; 13(7)2021 Jun 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34209002

RESUMO

Chronotype (CT) has been associated with predisposition to chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCDs), such as diabetes mellitus and obesity. However, the effects of CT on individuals assisted by public health systems (PHSs) in middle-up economies are still poorly explored. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between CT and clinical, sociobehavioral and nutritional aspects in adults assisted by a PHS in Brazil. This is a population-based cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 380 individuals, selected through probabilistic sampling by clusters, in all health units in a city of approximately 100 thousand inhabitants. Data collection was performed during home visits, by means of general and nutritional interviews, anthropometric measurements and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Statistical analysis comprised chi-square test and principal component analysis (CPA) followed by Fisher's discriminant analysis to determine aspects associated with each CT (morning, evening or intermediate). With the aim of explaining the variation in the CT scores, the consumption of micronutrients (corrected to the total energy intake) and other individual and sociodemographic variables were used as explanatory factors in the adjustment of a linear regression model. The morning group was characterized by older men, with less than eight years of schooling, with low body mass index (BMI) and with low intake of omega-6, omega-3, sodium, zinc, thiamine, pyridoxine and niacin. The evening group, on the other hand, was composed of younger individuals, with a high consumption of these same nutrients, with high BMI and a higher frequency of heart diseases (p < 0.05). It was concluded that most morning CT individuals were elderly thin males with lower consumption of omega-6 and -3, sodium, zinc, thiamine, pyridoxine and niacin, whereas evening individuals were younger, had higher BMI and had higher consumption of the studied micronutrients. The identification of circadian and behavioral risk groups can help to provide preventive and multidisciplinary health promotion measures.


Assuntos
Ritmo Circadiano/fisiologia , Atenção à Saúde , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição , Saúde Pública , Comportamento Social , Adulto , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Micronutrientes/análise , Análise de Componente Principal
10.
Bone ; 138: 115496, 2020 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32585320

RESUMO

The direct effects of physical activity on long bones are already recognized. However, little information is available regarding distant osseous sites, such as maxillary bone. We evaluated the influence of physical training on alveolar bone quality, with and without mechanically-induced load during orthodontic tooth movement in mice. Forty-two C57BL/6 mice were divided into sedentary, resistance and aerobic training groups. Training period lasted for eight weeks and mechanical loads (orthodontic tooth movement - OTM) were applied during the last 14 days of training. Both types of training enhanced the quality of maxillary bone, increasing bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular bone volume (BV) and bone volume/total volume ratio (BV/TV). OTM significantly reduced in trained groups. Consistently, the number of osteoblasts increased whereas the number of osteoclasts decreased on the OTM side in trained groups in comparison to the sedentary group. IGF-1, RUNX2 and OPG genes expression were also increased. The RANKL/OPG ratio and IL-6 expression were reduced in the maxillary bone. Similar results were verified in the femoral bone. In line with these findings, physical training resulted in a decrease of osteoclast differentiation from femoral bone marrow; as well as the force required to fracture the tibia of trained animals increased. Physical training also caused EDL muscle hypertrophy and increased expression of IGF-1 and IGF-1/Myostatin ratio in the gastrocnemius muscle, whereas FNDC5 gene expression was similar among groups in femur, but decreased in alveolar bone submitted to OTM. In conclusion, physical training increased bone quality, not only on long bones, but also in a distant site such as the maxilla. Differences were more evident in the course of maxillary mechanical loading. Mechanisms involve systemic and local effects on bone cells and target molecules as RANKL, OPG, IL-6 and IGF-1.


Assuntos
Remodelação Óssea , Condicionamento Físico Animal , Técnicas de Movimentação Dentária , Animais , Fibronectinas , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Osteoclastos
11.
BMC Oral Health ; 9: 34, 2009 Dec 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20021649

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In the period of adolescence physical appearance takes on significant importance in the construction of personal identity, including one's relationship with one's own body. A variety of social, cultural, psychological and personal factors influences the self-perception of dental appearance and the decision to undergo orthodontic treatment. Adolescents who seek orthodontic treatment are concerned with improving their appearance and social acceptance. The aim of the present study was to determine factors associated to the desire for orthodontic treatment among Brazilian adolescents and their parents. METHODS: The sample consisted of 403 subjects aged 14 to 18 years, selected randomly from a population of 182,291 schoolchildren in the same age group. The outcome variable "desire for orthodontic treatment" was assessed through a questionnaire. Self-perception of dental aesthetics was assessed using the Oral Aesthetic Subjective Impact Scale (OASIS) and the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) was used for clinical assessment. Statistical analysis involved the chi-square test as well as both simple and multiple logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: The majority (78%) of the Brazilian adolescents desired orthodontic treatment and 69% of the parents reported that their children were not in orthodontic treatment due to the high costs involved. There was significant association (p < or = 0.05) between the desire for orthodontic treatment and most types of malocclusion. However, there was no significant association between the desire for orthodontic treatment and the variables gender and age. CONCLUSIONS: The following were considered factors associated to the desire for treatment: upper anterior crowding > or = 2 mm and parents' perception of their child's need for treatment.


Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente , Imagem Corporal , Estética Dentária , Má Oclusão/psicologia , Ortodontia Corretiva/psicologia , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Estética Dentária/psicologia , Estética Dentária/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Motivação , Ortodontia Corretiva/economia , Ortodontia Corretiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Pais/psicologia , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/psicologia , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Qualidade de Vida , Autoimagem , Fatores Sexuais , Desejabilidade Social , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Inquéritos e Questionários
12.
J Orthod ; 36(3): 152-9, 2009 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19741176

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine the biopsychosocial impact of malocclusion on the daily living of Brazilian adolescents (14 to 18 years of age) through normative and subjective records and identify factors directly involved in the self-perception of malocclusions. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Public and private schools in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The sample was made up of 403 adolescents, with no prior history of orthodontic treatment, who were selected randomly from a population of 182,291 students in the same age range. The oral impact of malocclusion was assessed using the Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP), whereas clinical criteria were assessed using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Self-perception of dental aesthetics was assessed using the Oral Aesthetic Subjective Impact Scale (OASIS) and self-esteem was assessed using the Global Negative Self-Evaluation (GSE) scale. Other variables were assessed using questionnaires. The chi-square test, simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: Ninety five adolescents (24%) reported feeling embarrassed to smile (aesthetic impact). A logistic regression suggested that the following variables were directly involved in the self-perception of malocclusion: upper anterior crowding > or = 2 mm (P=0.009), median diastema > or = 2 mm (P=0.040), normative treatment need (highly desirable) (P<0.001) and low economic level (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Negative repercussions on daily living were found in Brazilian adolescents with malocclusions affecting anterior dental aesthetics.


Assuntos
Atividades Cotidianas/psicologia , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Estética Dentária/psicologia , Má Oclusão/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pais/psicologia , Psicologia do Adolescente , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Autoavaliação (Psicologia)
13.
J Periodontol ; 78(5): 842-8, 2007 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17470017

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Preterm low birth weight was reported to be related to periodontal infections that might influence the fetus-placenta complex. The aim of this study was to provide periodontal treatment for pregnant women and to evaluate if this treatment can interfere with pregnancy duration and weight of the newborn. METHODS: The sample consisted of 450 pregnant women who were under prenatal care at a polyclinic in Três Corações, Brazil. Women with risk factors, such as systemic alterations (ischemic cardiopathy, hypertension, tuberculosis, diabetes, cancer, anemia, seizure, psychopathology, urinary tract infection, sexually transmitted diseases, asthma, and human immunodeficiency virus), and/or users of alcohol, tobacco, and drugs were excluded from the study. Data related to age, socioeconomic level, race, marital status, number of previous pregnancies, and previous preterm delivery also were evaluated. Initially, the sample was divided into two groups: 122 healthy patients (group 1) and 328 patients with periodontal disease (group 2). In group 2, 266 patients underwent treatment and 62 patients dropped out. After mothers gave birth, pregnancy duration and the weight of all infants were analyzed and recorded. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference between the healthy and treated groups. However, there was a difference in the non-treated group, with a 79% incidence of preterm low birth weight. Educational level, previous preterm birth, and periodontal disease were related significantly to preterm delivery (P <0.001). CONCLUSION: Periodontal disease was related significantly to preterm low birth weight.


Assuntos
Peso ao Nascer , Doenças Periodontais/terapia , Complicações na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Nascimento Prematuro/epidemiologia , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Raspagem Dentária/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Recém-Nascido , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Periodontais/complicações , Doenças Periodontais/epidemiologia , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/etiologia , Resultado da Gravidez , Segundo Trimestre da Gravidez , Valores de Referência
14.
Nutrients ; 9(9)2017 Sep 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28906456

RESUMO

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ß-glucan ingestion (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on the plasmatic levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), alveolar bone loss, and pancreatic ß-cell function (HOMA-BF) in diabetic rats with periodontal disease (PD). Besides, intestinal morphology was determined by the villus/crypt ratio. A total of 48 Wistar rats weighing 203 ± 18 g were used. Diabetes was induced by the intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (80 mg/kg) and periodontal inflammation, by ligature. The design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme 2 × 2 × 2 (diabetic or not, with or without periodontitis, and ingesting ß-glucan or not). The animals received ß-glucan by gavage for 28 days. Alveolar bone loss was determined by scanning electron microscopy (distance between the cementoenamel junction and alveolar bone crest) and histometric analysis (bone area between tooth roots). ß-glucan reduced plasmatic levels of TNF-α in diabetic animals with PD and of IL-10 in animals with PD (p < 0.05). ß-glucan reduced bone loss in animals with PD (p < 0.05). In diabetic animals, ß-glucan improved ß-cell function (p < 0.05). Diabetic animals had a higher villus/crypt ratio (p < 0.05). In conclusion, ß-glucan ingestion reduced the systemic inflammatory profile, prevented alveolar bone loss, and improved ß-cell function in diabetic animals with PD.


Assuntos
Perda do Osso Alveolar/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus/fisiopatologia , Células Secretoras de Insulina/efeitos dos fármacos , Intestinos/efeitos dos fármacos , Periodontite/tratamento farmacológico , beta-Glucanas/farmacologia , Perda do Osso Alveolar/prevenção & controle , Animais , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/fisiopatologia , Interleucina-10/sangue , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/sangue
15.
Acta Odontol Latinoam ; 29(1): 42-48, 2016 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27701497

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to assess periodontal status and blood parameters in orthodontic patients with nickel allergy one month after removal of brackets. Ninety-six randomly selected patients were initially evaluated. Allergy to nickel was diagnosed using a patch test. After determining the prevalence of subjects allergic to nickel, two groups were formed: 16 allergic (experimental) and 16 non-allergic (control) patients. Their periodontal status was determined regularly by a single, blinded, duly calibrated examiner using the Löe Index (GI) and their blood was tested (complete blood test, including nickel and IgE levels) after nine months of orthodontic treatment and again one month after removing the orthodontic appliances. Statistical analyses included paired and non-paired t-tests, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, McNemar and linear trend chi-square tests (p≤0.05). Comparison of the values recorded during orthodontic treatment and one month after removing the appliances showed that in the allergic group there was significant increase in eosinophils (p=0.046), basophils (p=0.001) and monocytes (p=0.002), and decrease in number of bands (p=0.000), while in the control group, there was increase in lymphocytes (p=0.039) and decrease in segmented neutrophils (p=0.030) and IgE levels (p=0.001). In both groups, plasma nickel levels increased (p=0.010; p=0.039) and GI scores decreased. One month after removing the brackets, blood and periodontal parameters from patients with and without nickel allergy were similar.


O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a condição periodontal e os parâmetros sanguíneos em pacientes alérgicos ao níquel, um mês após remoção dos aparelhos. Noventa e seis pacientes selecionados aleatoriamente foram inicialmente avaliadas. Alergia ao níquel foi diagnosticada usando um teste de contato. Após a determinação da prevalência de alergia ao níquel, formaram-se dois grupos: 16 pacientes alérgicos (experimental) e 16 não alérgicos (controle). Condição periodontal foi diagnosticada através do Índice de Löe (IG). Parâmetros sanguíneos foram determinados por meio de um exame de sangue completo, incluindo a quantificação de níquel e níveis de IgE. Avaliações do estado periodontal foram realizados por um único examinador de forma cega, devidamente calibrado e amostras de sangue foram tomadas depois de nove meses de tratamento e um mês após a remoção dos aparelhos ortodônticos. Análise estatística utilizada foi testes t pareado e não pareado, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, McNemar e qui-quadrado de tendência linear (p≤0,05). Em comparação com os valores observados durante o tratamento, o número de eosinófilos (p=0,046), basófilos (p=0,001) e monócitos (p=0,002) aumentou significativamente depois da remoção dos aparelhos ortodônticos, ao passo que o número de bastões (p=0,000) diminuiu entre os períodos no grupo alérgico. O número de linfócitos (p=0,039) aumentou no grupo controle e o número de segmentados (p=0,030) diminuiu. A diminuição dos níveis de IgE (p=0,001) entre os períodos ocorreu no grupo de controle. Níveis de níquel no plasma aumentou após a remoção de aparelhos ortodônticos em ambos os grupos (p=0,010; p=0,039). O IG diminuiu em ambos os grupos. Parâmetros periodontais e sanguíneos de pacientes com alergia ao níquel foram semelhantes aos não alérgicos um mês após a remoção dos aparelhos.


Assuntos
Hipersensibilidade/sangue , Hipersensibilidade/etiologia , Níquel/efeitos adversos , Aparelhos Ortodônticos , Índice Periodontal , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Remoção de Dispositivo , Feminino , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade/terapia , Masculino , Desenho de Aparelho Ortodôntico , Adulto Jovem
16.
Arch Oral Biol ; 66: 108-19, 2016 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26945169

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this study were to evaluate, in rats: i) the effects of Bacillus species on the development of experimental periodontitis (EP) via microtomographic, immunological and hematological assays (Experiment 1-E1); ii) the effects of Bacillus species as adjuncts to scaling and root planing (SRP) for the treatment of EP via histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses (Experiment 2-E2). METHODS: In E1, 24 rats were divided into groups C1 (control), PROB1, EP1 and EP-PROB1. In groups with EP, the mandibular first molar of each animal received a ligature for 14 days. In groups PROB1, animals received Bacillus species for 44 days, starting 30 days before EP induction in Group EP-PROB1. In E2, 24 rats were assigned to groups C2 (control), PROB2, EP-SRP2 and EP-SRP-PROB2. In groups with SRP, EP was induced as described in E1. The ligatures were removed after 14 days and SRP was performed. In groups PROB2, animals received Bacillus species for 15 days, starting after SRP in Group EP-SRP-PROB2. RESULTS: In E1, Group EP1 presented bone loss (BL) and eosinophil numbers greater than Group EP-PROB1 (P<0.05). In Group EP-PROB1, the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio was similar to that of groups without EP. In E2, Group EP-SRP-PROB2 presented fewer TRAP-positive osteoclasts, lower immunolabeling pattern for a proinflammatory cytokine and decreased BL and attachment loss than Group EP-SRP2 (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Bacillus species supplementation provided a protective effect against BL and enhanced the effects of SRP in the treatment of EP in rats.


Assuntos
Bacillus licheniformis/fisiologia , Bacillus subtilis/fisiologia , Periodontite/microbiologia , Periodontite/terapia , Probióticos/farmacologia , Perda do Osso Alveolar/diagnóstico por imagem , Perda do Osso Alveolar/microbiologia , Perda do Osso Alveolar/patologia , Perda do Osso Alveolar/terapia , Animais , Raspagem Dentária/métodos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Dente Molar/microbiologia , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Osteoclastos/microbiologia , Osteoclastos/patologia , Osteoprotegerina/metabolismo , Periodontite/sangue , Periodontite/patologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Aplainamento Radicular/métodos , Microtomografia por Raio-X/métodos
17.
Nutr Hosp ; 31(5): 2161-6, 2015 May 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25929388

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Cancer treatment can affect the health of the teeth and support structures, which are essential to the chewing process, which may change the nutritional status of the patient. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of oral physiology changes on quality of life (QoL) of patients submitted to cancer treatment. DESIGN: Initially 84 cancer patients were screened and only those presenting at least 15 natural teeth were selected for oral physiology and quality of life tests. The final sample comprised 30 patients. Twenty subjects were selected as controls paired by age and gender. Dental caries status, salivary flow, masticatory performance (MP), location of tumor, duration of chemo and radiotherapy and World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL- bref) questionnaire were assessed. Linear regression models were used to test the relationship between the WHOQOL-bref domains (physical, psychological, social relationship, environmental and overall QoL) and independent variables under study. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Number of teeth, MP and salivary flow were lower in cancer patients, as well as for the scores obtained in Social Relationship, Environment and Overall QoL domains (p<0.050). Breast cancer caused a negative impact on Psychological (p<0.001) and Overall QoL scores (p=0.017). A similar negative effect was found for the duration of radiotherapy on Psychological (p=0.012) and Environmental (p=0.039) domains. On the other hand, the maintenance of teeth had a positive impact on Psychological (p=0.012) and Environmental (p=0.024) scores. CONCLUSION: Oral physiology changes may impact the QoL of oncological patients. The maintenance of teeth was of positive importance, especially for the psychological aspects.


Introdución: El tratamiento del cáncer puede afectar la salud de los dientes y estructuras de apoyo, que son esenciales para el proceso de masticación, que pueden cambiar el estado nutricional del paciente. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de los cambios fisiológicos orales sobre la calidad de vida (QoL) de los pacientes sometidos a tratamiento contra el cáncer. Metodos: Inicialmente 84 pacientes con cáncer fueron examinados y sólo los que presentan al menos 15 dientes naturales fueron seleccionados para la fisiología oral y la calidad de las pruebas de la vida. La muestra final quedó conformado por 30 pacientes. Veinte sujetos fueron seleccionados como controles emparejados por edad y sexo. Dental estado de la caries, el flujo salival, rendimiento masticatorio (MP), la ubicación del tumor, la duración de la quimioterapia y la radioterapia y lo cuestionario de La Organización Mundial de la Salud Calidad de Vida (WHOQOL-BREF) cuestionario fueron evaluados. Se utilizaron modelos de regresión lineal para probar la relación entre los dominios del WHOQOL-BREF (psicológicos relación física,, social, ambiental y de calidad de vida en general) y variables independientes bajo estudio. Resultados y Discusión: Número de dientes, MP y el flujo salival fueron menores en los pacientes de cáncer, así como para las puntuaciones obtenidas en la relación social, medio ambiente y dominios de calidad de vida general (p.


Assuntos
Neoplasias/fisiopatologia , Neoplasias/psicologia , Saúde Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Qualidade de Vida , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Cárie Dentária/complicações , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Meio Social , Dente
18.
J Periodontol ; 85(7): 975-83, 2014 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24171503

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: This study evaluates the effects of probiotic therapy (PT) in rats with ligature-induced periodontitis associated with restraint stress. METHODS: Sixty-four rats were divided into control, stress (STR), probiotic (PROB), periodontal disease (PD), STR-PROB, STR-PD, STR-PROB-PD, and PROB-PD groups. The probiotic was added to the drinking water for 44 days. PD was induced by a ligature. In STR groups, the animals were subjected to restraint stress for 2.5 hours per day for 30 days. RESULTS: Rats with PD exhibited increased alveolar bone loss (P <0.05), as well as increased levels of cyclooxygenase-2, serum C-terminal telopeptide (CTX), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38), and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and decreased levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG). Stressed rats presented high levels of C-peptide, corticosterone, and glucose (P <0.05). In general, the presence of stress reduced the expression of CTX and p38 (P <0.05). PT reduced alveolar bone loss in unstressed animals. It also decreased expression of CTX and induced increased expression of OPG in unstressed animals with PD. However, PT was not effective in preventing bone loss or altering the expression of inflammatory markers in stressed animals. PT decreased the number of inflammatory cells in the periodontal tissue (P <0.05). Groups with stress and PD showed decreased villous height and crypt depth. Stress seemed to prevent part of the probiotic beneficial effects on the small intestine. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the methodology used, PT may reduce tissue breakdown resulting from PD in unstressed rats. The protocol used for restraint stress influenced the immunomodulatory effects of PT in intestinal and periodontal tissues.


Assuntos
Periodontite/terapia , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , Estresse Fisiológico/imunologia , Estresse Psicológico/complicações , Perda do Osso Alveolar/imunologia , Perda do Osso Alveolar/metabolismo , Animais , Glicemia/análise , Peptídeo C/análise , Colágeno Tipo I/sangue , Corticosterona/análise , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/análise , Gengivite/imunologia , Gengivite/metabolismo , Gengivite/terapia , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Intestino Delgado/patologia , Masculino , Osteoprotegerina/análise , Peptídeos/sangue , Periodontite/imunologia , Periodontite/metabolismo , Ligante RANK/análise , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Estresse Psicológico/imunologia , Estresse Psicológico/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases p38 Ativadas por Mitógeno/análise
19.
J Periodontol ; 84(12): 1818-26, 2013 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23327675

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: With increase in the incidence of resistance to antibiotics, probiotics are emerging as a promising adjunctive periodontal therapy. The authors of this study evaluate the influence of probiotic (PROB) supplementation on ligature-induced periodontitis (LIP) and intestinal morphology in rats. METHODS: Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (C), LIP, PROB, and LIP/PROB. In groups PROB and LIP/PROB, the PROB was administered orally by addition to the drinking water of the animals for 44 days. In groups LIP and LIP/PROB, the mandibular right first molar of the animals received a cotton ligature that was left in the same position for 14 days. All animals were euthanized 44 days after the start of the PROB supplementation. The jaws were resected and histomorphometric analyses were performed. The measurements included evaluation of attachment loss (AL) and alveolar bone level (ABL) on the distal root of the mandibular first molar. Samples of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were also dissected from each animal to evaluate the villous height (VH) and crypt depth (CD). The data obtained were subjected to statistical analyses (analysis of variance, Tukey; P <0.05). RESULTS: Mean values of AL and ABL were significantly higher in group LIP compared with group LIP/PROB (AL: 3.05 ± 0.57 mm and 1.78 ± 0.63 mm, respectively; ABL: 4.21 ± 0.42 mm and 3.38 ± 0.17 mm, respectively). In group LIP/PROB, the mean values of VH and CD of the jejunum were significantly higher than the ones from group LIP (VH: 672.1 ± 83.3 µm and 528.0 ± 51.7 µm, respectively; CD: 463.8 ± 100.9 µm and 269.0 ± 48.4 µm, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that PROB supplementation 1) reduces AL and alveolar bone loss in rats with LIP and 2) can protect the small intestine from reactive changes induced by LIP.


Assuntos
Mucosa Intestinal/anatomia & histologia , Intestino Delgado/anatomia & histologia , Periodontite/terapia , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , Perda do Osso Alveolar/patologia , Perda do Osso Alveolar/terapia , Animais , Bacillus subtilis , Duodeno/anatomia & histologia , Inserção Epitelial/patologia , Íleo/anatomia & histologia , Jejuno/anatomia & histologia , Masculino , Microvilosidades/ultraestrutura , Dente Molar/patologia , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/patologia , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/terapia , Periodontite/patologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Fatores de Tempo , Raiz Dentária/patologia
20.
J Oral Sci ; 54(2): 151-7, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22790407

RESUMO

In a previous study, we evaluated the influence of periodontal treatment and physiological parameters on the subjective perception of mastication using the Oral Impact on Daily Performance Questionnaire (OIDP). In this study, we investigated the influence of periodontal treatment on the objective measures of masticatory performance in the same study sample. Patients with chronic periodontitis (n = 28) were examined on two occasions with a 45-day interval. Electrical activity of the masticatory muscles and maximum bite force were determined. In addition, masticatory performance was assessed using silicone impression blocks as test material. The median particle size of the chewed blocks was determined employing a sieving method. The number of teeth and the probing depth were also recorded. The probing depth was significantly reduced following treatment (P < 0.001). The median particle size of the chewed material was also reduced, which indicates a significant improvement in masticatory performance after treatment (P < 0.001). Bite force and muscle activity were significantly correlated both before and after treatment (P < 0.05). There was a negative correlation between masticatory performance and number of teeth (P < 0.05); moreover, individuals with a lower number of teeth exhibited poorer masticatory performance (P = 0.01). Periodontal treatment had a positive influence on masticatory performance 45 days after conservative treatment.


Assuntos
Periodontite Crônica/terapia , Mastigação/fisiologia , Adulto , Força de Mordida , Periodontite Crônica/fisiopatologia , Placa Dentária/terapia , Raspagem Dentária/métodos , Dentição , Eletromiografia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Músculo Masseter/fisiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tamanho da Partícula , Bolsa Periodontal/classificação , Bolsa Periodontal/terapia , Aplainamento Radicular/métodos , Silicones/química , Músculo Temporal/fisiologia , Adulto Jovem
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