Measuring child coping in times of societal crises: Pilot development, reliability, as well as mental health and meaning mindset convergent validity of the children's crisis coping scale (3Cs).

To date, there are no brief child self-report coping measures for the pandemic and other major societal events resulting in social or learning disruptions for children. Ignoring the voice of children can ultimately result in programs or services that fail to meet their needs. Thus, a child self-report measure called the 3Cs (Children's Crisis Coping) was developed and underwent pilot evaluation. This measure was designed in collaboration with key stakeholders using a Knowledge Translation-Integrated development framework. Some of the primary concerns that were relevant in the literature for the development of a pandemic coping measure included stress, worries, loneliness, and unpredictable school changes. The completed 4-item measure, grounded in these concerns, demonstrated good internal consistency reliability, as well as convergent validity with mental health and meaning mindset. A Second Wave Positive Psychology framework is presented concerning a spiritual concept called "meaning mindset" and it's association with positive societal crisis coping (i.e., pandemic coping in the present study).

Use of ultrasound imaging by physiotherapists: a pilot study to survey use, skills and training.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to design and pilot a questionnaire to survey the use of ultrasound imaging (USI) by physiotherapists in the United Kingdom (UK), the type and content of ultrasound training physiotherapists using USI had undertaken and their perceived future training needs. BACKGROUND: The use of USI by physiotherapists is becoming increasingly common but is highly operator dependent and there are safety and professional issues regarding use in physiotherapy practice. Currently there are no specific training guidelines relating to physiotherapists using USI. METHODS: A questionnaire was developed, based on research literature and guidelines. Twelve experts in USI commented on the content and design. The electronic on-line questionnaire was piloted on groups that were likely to be users of USI. RESULTS: Forty-six respondents completed the questionnaire. Results indicated that USI is used predominantly for biofeedback and there are many unmet training needs. Respondents reported a mismatch between techniques for which they had received training and those that they used in practice and indicated a more structured training framework is required. CONCLUSIONS: The development and piloting of the questionnaire provides a starting point for a more extensive evaluation of how USI is being used, the training needs of physiotherapists and benefits as a biofeedback tool. Refinement is needed and replication in a larger sample. Results could assist the development of a structured formal training framework encompassing key skills.