Native Spleen Preservation During Visceral Transplantation Inhibits Graft-Versus-Host-Disease Development: Clinical and Experimental Study.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess whether native spleen preservation during visceral transplantation (VT) affects graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) incidence. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: GVHD is one of the most severe and frequently lethal hematological complications after VT procedures. Because there is no specific treatment for GVHD, it is imperative to develop a strategy to reduce donor lymphocyte engraftment and proliferation. METHODS: Our study included both clinical and experimental data. A total of 108 patients were divided into 3 groups: a native spleen preservation group, a native spleen removal with no donor spleen group, and a donor spleen included (allogeneic spleen) group. We also used an allogeneic VT rat model, in which recipients were divided into 2 groups: a native spleen preservation (+SP) group and a native spleen removal (-S) group. Skin rash appearance, histopathological changes, chimerism, and spleen effects on circulating allogeneic T-cells were assessed. RESULTS: The patients with native spleen preservation showed a lower rate of GVHD ( P <.001) and better survival ( P <.05) than those in the other groups. Skin and histological signs of GVHD were lower in the rats in the +SP group ( P <.05). The donor T-cell frequency in the bloodstream and skin was also significantly reduced when the native spleen was preserved ( P <.01 and P <.0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The clinical and experimental data indicate that recipient spleen preservation protects against GVHD after VT, and donor cell clearance from the bloodstream by spleen macrophages could be the underlying mechanism. Therefore, spleen preservation should be considered in VT procedures, whenever possible.

Objective measurement of Spanish emotion vocabulary.

Current research on emotion knowledge and competence emphasises the role of language. Emotion vocabulary is one of the indicators of emotion knowledge that can be objectively measured; however, the metric properties of the scores obtained in tests and tasks to measure it have seldom been adequate. In this study we designed and validated a Spanish emotion vocabulary test (MOVE) employing a corpus approach to construct cloze multiple-choice items, administered the test to a Spanish-speaking sample from two countries, Spain and Argentina, and analysed structural validity of the test items with the Rasch model measurement approach. Eighty-eight items showed adequate fit. Overall, a substantial percentage of variance was explained by a latent variable. Reliability indexes at the test, item, and person level were also adequate. As a vocabulary test, the MOVE can be used in psychological and neurological investigation, as well as in language learning research.

Hybrid Gold Nanorod-Based Nanoplatform with Chemo and Photothermal Activities for Bimodal Cancer Therapy.

Metal nanoparticles (NPs), particularly gold nanorods (AuNRs), appear as excellent platforms not only to transport and deliver bioactive cargoes but also to provide additional therapeutic responses for diseased cells and tissues and/or to complement the action of the carried molecules. In this manner, here, we optimized a previous developed metal-based nanoplatform composed of an AuNR core surrounded by a polymeric shell constructed by means of the layer-by-layer approach, and in which very large amounts of the antineoplasic drug doxorubicin (DOXO) in a single loading step and targeting capability thanks to an outer hyaluronic acid layer were incorporated by means of an optimized fabrication process (PSS/DOXO/PLL/HA-coated AuNRs). The platform retained its nanometer size with a negative surface charge and was colloidally stable in a range of physiological conditions, in which only in some of them some particle clustering was noted with no precipitation. In addition, the dual stimuli-responsiveness of the designed nanoplatform to both endogenous proteases and external applied light stimuli allows to perfectly manipulate the chemodrug release rates and profiles to achieve suitable pharmacodynamics. It was observed that the inherent active targeting abilities of the nanoplatfom allow the achievement of specific cell toxicity in tumoral cervical HeLa cells, whilst healthy ones such as 3T3-Balb fibroblast remain safe and alive in agreement with the detected levels of internalization in each cell line. In addition, the bimodal action of simultaneous chemo- and photothermal bioactivity provided by the platform largely enhances the therapeutic outcomes. Finally, it was observed that our PSS/DOXO/PLL/HA-coated AuNRs induced cell mortality mainly through apoptosis in HeLa cells even in the presence of NIR light irradiation, which agrees with the idea of the chemo-activity of DOXO predominating over the photothermal effect to induce cell death, favoring an apoptotic pathway over necrosis for cell death.

Spatial Visualization ability improves with and without studying Technical Drawing.

The results of several studies suggest that spatial ability can be improved through direct training with tasks similar to those integrated in the tests used to measure the ability. However, there is a greater interest in analyzing the effectiveness of indirect training such as games or of learning subjects that involve spatial processes to a certain extent. Thus, the objective of the present study was to analyze whether the indirect training in Technical Drawing improved the Spatial Visualization ability of Architecture students. For this purpose, a group of students enrolled in Fundamentals of Architecture were administered two tests, a Spatial Visualization task and an Abstract Reasoning task, at the beginning and the end of a semester, after having received training through the subjects "Technical Drawing I: Geometry and Perception" and "Projects I." The results of this group were compared with those of a control group of students enrolled in a Mathematics degree, who were also pre-post evaluated but had not received the training in Technical Drawing. The study showed a significant pre-post improvement in both, Visualization and reasoning. However, this improvement occurred in both groups, thereby concluding that this improvement was not due to indirect training. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between men and women in any of the groups or conditions. These results clarify those of an earlier study where improvement in Visualization after training in Technical Drawing was found but did not include a comparison with a control condition. The control condition has proved to be important in order to consider the limitations of the effect of Technical Drawing on said improvement.

Influence of DIF on differences in performance of Italian and Asian individuals on a reading comprehension test of Spanish as a foreign language (negative emotionality) in Hong Kong.

Research into Differential Item Functioning (DIF) has been an active research area in language testing (Ferne and Rupp, 2007). In this study we analyzed the DIF of two groups with different types of native language (927 Italians and 280 Asians) in a reading comprehension task forming part of an exam in Spanish as a foreign language. The Mantel-Haenszel (MH) and Rasch procedures for the detection of uniform and nonuniform DIF were used. The results reveal that the Rasch model and MH converge substantially on the results. Uniform DIF was detected in 6.6 per cent of the items and nonuniform DIF in 16.7 per cent. Half of the items affected by DIF favored the focal group (Asians) and the other half favored the reference group (Italians). The difference in test performance of the two groups did not appear to be affected by the elimination of items with DIF.

Classical and Nonclassical Nucleation Mechanisms of Insulin Crystals.

Although the Classical Nucleation Theory (CNT) is the most consensual theory to explain protein nucleation mechanisms, experimental observations during the shear-induced assays suggest that the CNT does not always describe the insulin nucleation process. This is the case at intermediate precipitant (ZnCl2) solution concentrations (2.3 mM) and high-temperature values (20 and 40 °C) as well as at low precipitant solution concentrations (1.6 mM) and low-temperature values (5 °C). In this work, crystallization events following the CNT registered at high precipitant solution concentrations (3.1 and 4.7 mM) are typically described by a Newtonian response. On the other hand, crystallization events following a nonclassical nucleation pathway seem to involve the formation of a metastable intermediate state before crystal formation and are described by a transition from Newtonian to shear-thinning responses. A dominant shear-thinning behavior (shear viscosity values ranging more than 6 orders of magnitude) is found during aggregation/agglomeration events. The rheological analysis is complemented with different characterization techniques (Dynamic Light Scattering, Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy, Circular Dichroism, and Differential Scanning Calorimetry) to understand the insulin behavior in solution, especially during the occurrence of aggregation/agglomeration events. To the best of our knowledge, the current work is the first study describing nonclassical nucleation mechanisms during shear-induced crystallization experiments, which reveals the potential of the interdisciplinary approach herein described and opens a window for a clear understanding of protein nucleation mechanisms.

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders and other malignancies after pediatric intestinal transplantation: incidence, clinical features and outcome.

PTLDs are a well-recognized and potentially fatal complication after intestinal transplantation. We analyzed the incidence, clinical features, and outcome in a 63 intestinal transplantation series performed in our unit between October 1999 and July 2011. Types of graft included ISB (n = 23), LSB (n = 20), and MV (n = 20). Patients were categorized into three groups of immunosuppression: I (n = 43) received basiliximab, tacrolimus, and steroids; II (n = 11) thymoglobulin and tacrolimus, and III (n = 9) alemtuzumab and tacrolimus. EBV status was serially assessed. All PTLD cases were biopsied to establish histopathological diagnosis. The incidence of PTLD was 14.2% (9/63). Median onset of PTLD after transplant was four months (range: 0.5-28), within first postoperative year in 6 (66.6%) patients. Fever was the most common symptom. Graft removal was needed in four patients (44%). The patient survival rate was 66.6% (6/9). We have not found any association between PTLD and immunosuppression regimen or transplant type. However, there was a statistical association with EBV active infection.

Double charge inversion in polyethylenimine-decorated liposomes.

The study of the interaction of a cationic polymer as PEI with phospholipids membranes is of special relevance for gene therapy because the PEI is a potential nonviral vector to transfer DNA in living cells. We used light scattering, zeta potential, and electron transmission microscopy to characterize the interaction between DMPG and DOPC liposomes with PEI as a function of the charge molar ratio, pH, temperature, initial size of the liposomes, and headgroup of the lipids. Unexpectedly, a double charge inversion and two different ranges of PEI-liposome concentrations where an aggregation occurs were found, when the proper pH and initial size of the liposomes were chosen. The interaction is analyzed in terms of the interaction potential proposed by Velegol and Thwar for colloidal particles with a nonuniform surface charge distribution. Results show a remarkable dependence of the stability on pH and the initial size of the liposomes, which explains the low reproducibility of the experiments if no special care is taken in preparing the samples. Comparatively small changes in the pH or in the liposomes size lead to a completely different stability behavior.

Construction of a memory battery for computerized administration, using item response theory.

In accordance with Item Response Theory, a computer memory battery with six tests was constructed for use in the Portuguese adult population. A factor analysis was conducted to assess the internal structure of the tests (N = 547 undergraduate students). According to the literature, several confirmatory factor models were evaluated. Results showed better fit of a model with two independent latent variables corresponding to verbal and non-verbal factors, reproducing the initial battery organization. Internal consistency reliability for the six tests were alpha = .72 to .89. IRT analyses (Rasch and partial credit models) yielded good Infit and Outfit measures and high precision for parameter estimation. The potential utility of these memory tasks for psychological research and practice willbe discussed.

Driving Offences and Emotion Regulation: A Psychometric Analysis of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ).

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the role of emotion regulation in driving. This study analyzed the psychometric properties of one of the most commonly-used tests for the evaluation of emotion regulation in a drivers' sample. METHODS: A total of 318 male drivers (M age = 41.6 years, SD = 11.1, age range 20-69 years, half with road traffic offences and half, matched controls), participated in the study by filling out the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). Data analysis was carried out using the Rasch Rating Scale Model (RSM). RESULTS: The performance of the response categories was inadequate. After collapsing the seven original response categories into three, the categories were functional, the unidimensionality requirement was met, and data-model fit was adequate. Both person reliability and item reliability were adequate for the two subscales of ERQ. There was a significant difference between the two groups in the cognitive reappraisal subscale. CONCLUSIONS: Given the adequate psychometric properties of the ERQ, it is suggested that the role of cognitive reappraisal in driving contexts be explored in depth.

New insights on the mechanism of polyethylenimine transfection and their implications on gene therapy and DNA vaccines.

Polyethylenimine (PEI) has been demonstrated as an efficient DNA delivery vehicle both in vitro and in vivo. There is a consensus that PEI-DNA complexes enter the cells by endocytosis and escape from endosomes by the so-called "proton sponge" effect. However, little is known on how and where the polyplexes are de-complexed for DNA transcription and replication to occur inside the cell nucleus. To better understand this issue, we (i) tracked the cell internalization of PEI upon transfection to human epithelial cells and (ii) studied the interaction of PEI with phospholipidic layers mimicking nuclear membranes. Both the biological and physicochemical experiments provided evidence of a strong binding affinity between PEI and the lipidic bilayer. Firstly, confocal microscopy revealed that PEI alone could not penetrate the cell nucleus; instead, it arranged throughout the cytoplasm and formed a sort of aureole surrounding the nuclei periphery. Secondly, surface tension measurements, fluorescence dye leakage assays, and differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated that a combination of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions between PEI and the phospholipidic monolayers/bilayers led to the formation of stable defects along the model membranes, allowing the intercalation of PEI through the monolayer/bilayer structure. Results are also supported by molecular dynamics simulation of the pore formation in PEI-lipidic bilayers. As discussed throughout the text, these results might shed light on a the mechanism in which the interaction between PEI and the nucleus membrane might play an active role on the DNA release: on the one hand, the PEI-membrane interaction is anticipated to facilitate the DNA disassembly from the polyplex by establishing a competition with DNA for the PEI binding and on the other hand, the forming defects are expected to serve as channels for the entrance of de-complexed DNA into the cell nucleus. A better understanding of the mechanism of transfection of cationic polymers opens paths to development of more efficiency vectors to improve gene therapy treatment and the new generation of DNA vaccines.

Combined Therapeutics for Atherosclerosis Treatment Using Polymeric Nanovectors.

Atherosclerosis is an underlying risk factor in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The combination of drugs with microRNAs (miRNA) inside a single nanocarrier has emerged as a promising anti-atherosclerosis strategy to achieve the exploitation of their complementary mechanisms of action to achieve synergistic therapeutic effects while avoiding some of the drawbacks associated with current systemic statin therapies. We report the development of nanometer-sized polymeric PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) capable of simultaneously encapsulating and delivering miRNA-124a and the statin atorvastatin (ATOR). The polymeric NPs were functionalized with an antibody able to bind to the vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1) overexpressed in the inflamed arterial endothelium. The dual-loaded NPs were non-toxic to cells in a large range of concentrations, successfully attached overexpressed VCAM receptors and released the cargoes in a sustainable manner inside cells. The combination of both ATOR and miRNA drastically reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α and of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS-activated macrophages and vessel endothelial cells. In addition, dual-loaded NPs precluded the accumulation of low-density lipoproteins (LdL) inside macrophages as well as morphology changes to a greater extent than in single-loaded NPs. The reported findings validate the present NPs as suitable delivery vectors capable of simultaneously targeting inflamed cells in atherosclerosis and providing an efficient approach to combination nanomedicines.

Development of functional hybrid scaffolds for wound healing applications.

Hybrid hydrogels composed of chitosan (CS) and hyaluronic acid (HA) and collagen (Coll) were prepared by polyelectrolyte complex self-assembly. These scaffolds displayed a good intermingling of the polymeric chains, with porosities above 80% and good interconnected structures with pore sizes lying between 30-115 µm. The ionic interactions between CS and HA make the scaffolds have larger storage modulus and longer LVR regions than their pure counterparts. Both quantities progressively decrease as the HA and Coll concentrations in the formulation rise. These hybrid hydrogels showed good swelling extents from ca. 420 to ca. 690% and suitable resistance to enzymatic degradation, which was slightly lower for scaffolds containing CS to larger extents or Coll in the formulation. All scaffolds were largely cytocompatible and allowed the proliferation of both mouse fibroblast and human keratinocytes with their infiltration inside, thus becoming optimal matrices for intended tissue engineering applications as well as transdermal drug delivery depots.

Assessment of Testifying Ability in Preschool Children: CAPALIST.

Purpose: Interviews to obtain statements in judicial procedures need to be adapted to the witnesses' abilities to testify. Moreover, knowing the cognitive abilities involved in testifying provides relevant criteria to assess statement credibility. As age or intelligence quotient is not enough to estimate these capabilities, an instrument to evaluate witnesses' specific abilities to testify is needed. The present paper validates CAPALIST, a procedure that considers relevant capabilities when assessing the testimony given by children. Methods: This study analyzed, by means of an invariant measurement approach (Rasch model), four scales included in CAPALIST: language, memory, contextual information, and social thinking. In addition, gender and age differences were analyzed in 83 children [45 males and 38 females; M age = 4.3 years, SD = 0.74, range (3.06-5.11)] from three courses in early childhood education. Results: The four scales do not severely violate the requirements of the model. The principal component analysis of the residuals indicates that the four scales are one dimensional and that the assumption of local independence was not violated. Differential item functioning of the scales associated with gender was not detected. A significant effect of the school year was obtained, with an increase in ability in successive courses. The percentage of children who presented severe misfit responses with the model was low. In addition, the number of items with a severe misfit was also low. Conclusion: An acceptable performance of CAPALIST is demonstrated for most of the scales, although items with a severe misfit must be replaced, and more difficult items have to be included in some scales of the revised version of the instrument. CAPALIST is a promising procedure to assess the abilities of children to testify in order to adapt interviews and to evaluate their statements correctly.

Liposomes embedded in layer by layer constructs as simplistic extracellular vesicles transfer model.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are particles originating from the exfoliation of the cellular membrane. They are involved in cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix signaling, exchange of bioactive molecules, tumorigenesis and metastasis, among others. To mitigate the limited understanding of EVs transfer phenomena, we developed a simplistic model that mimics EVs and their interactions with cells and the extracellular matrix. The proposed model is a layer by layer (LbL) film built from the polycationic poly-l-lysine (PLL) and the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid (HA) to provide ECM mimicry. Positively charged 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and N1,N1,N14,N14-tetramethyl-N1,N14-ditetradecyltetradecane-1,14-diaminium dibromide (GS14) liposomes were embedded in this construct to act as EVs analogs. To simulate EVs carrying substances, Nile Red was loaded as a model of lipophilic cargo molecules. The integration of each component was followed by quartz crystal microbalance measurements, which confirmed the immobilization of intact liposomes on the underlying (PLL/HA)3 soft film. The release of Nile Red from liposomes either embedded in the LbL construct or exposed at its surface revealed a fast first order release. This system was validated as a model for EV/cell interactions by incubation with breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. We observed higher internalization for embedded liposomes when compared with surface-exposed ones, showcasing that the ECM mimic layers do not constitute a barrier to liposome/cell interactions but favor them.

Autoimmune cytopaenia after paediatric intestinal transplantation: a case series.

Autoimmune cytopaenia is a rare, but severe complication after solid organ transplantation. We retrospectively analysed 57 paediatric intestinal transplants performed in 49 patients between 1999 and 2009. Autoimmune cytopaenia was observed in six patients; it appeared after an average of 10 months post-transplant. Warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia was developed in three patients, cold autoimmune haemolytic anaemia in one and two presented a mixed type. Incidence and causes for haematological cytopaenia such as the following were investigated: immunosuppression, major blood mismatch, viral infection, malignancy, passenger lymphocyte syndrome and lymphoproliferative disorders. Initial treatment included high-dose steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis and maintenance of body temperature above 37°C in those with cold autoantibodies. Inclusion of the spleen in multivisceral transplants seems to be an important risk factor. All patients, except one, relapsed after classic therapy, requiring additional treatments. Sirolimus conversion was performed in four patients. One died after infection. The immunosuppressive therapies associated with other concomitant factors, such as viral infections, lymphoproliferative disorders, graft-versus-host disease, passenger lymphocyte syndrome and the inclusion of the spleen as part of multivisceral graft seem to play an important part in the development of autoimmune processes after intestinal transplantation. Therapy is not well established, especially in those resistant to first-line treatment.

The use of sirolimus as a rescue therapy in pediatric intestinal transplant recipients.

To review our experience with SRL as a second-line therapy in our series of 45 SBTx recipients (1997-2009). Retrospective review of five children converted to SRL: 3 M/2 F; median of three yr old (range 20 months-18 yr); rescue indications, adverse events with SRL, resolution of tacrolimus-related side effects, incidence of rejection, PTLD, or GVHD were summarized. Tacrolimus was discontinued (average 13 months after transplant) because of refractory hemolytic anemia in four patients with decreased renal function and because of advanced renal failure and unclear neutropenia in one. PTLD and GVHD had been previously diagnosed in two. Tacrolimus-related side effects disappeared in all five although other immunosuppressants and splenectomy were used simultaneously or later in most of them. Adverse events reported after the conversion were infections (tuberculosis and Pneumocystis carinii in two) and mild hypertriglyceridemia. No rejection, GVHD, or PTLD episode was observed. Four patients are alive with excellent quality of life (median follow-up 18 months). Sirolimus is a safe rescue therapy in SBTx children when tacrolimus is not well tolerated. Renal function and hematologic disorders seem to improve, although other simultaneous strategies could be also involved. Further studies could demonstrate its efficacy as a first-line treatment.

A comparative study of F-DPPC/DPPC mixed monolayers. Influence of subphase temperature on F-DPPC and DPPC monolayers.

The surface behavior of two zwitterionic phospholipids: 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-[16-fluoropalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine] (F-DPPC), has been investigated at the air-water interface at the temperature range from 10 to 30 °C. Surface pressure-area isotherms, BAM images and thickness-time curves were obtained for monolayers made from these pure phospholipids and from their mixtures.The comparative study of the behavior of both phospholipid monolayers with temperature showed some differences as the disappearance of the liquid expanded (LE)-liquid condensed (LC) phase transition at low temperatures for the DPPC but not for F-DPPC, because the F-DPPC monolayer is more expanded and more resistant to changes of temperature. On the other hand, film elasticity (C(s)(-1)) values calculated for both phospholipids show that the film condensation diminishes when the temperature increases, in accordance with the results obtained from surface pressure measurements.BAM images for F-DPPC monolayers recorded at different surface pressures and temperatures show the existence of numerous ovoid-like domains when the LE-LC phase transition is reached. However, in the LE and LC phases, homogeneous images were obtained. Time evolution of relative thickness along the compression of F-DPPC and DPPC monolayers shows similar behavior of both phospholipids, except at low temperatures.For DPPC/F-DPPC mixed systems, the plots of the mean molecular area as a function of F-DPPC mole fraction (X(F-DPPC)) indicated that, whatever the surface pressure, the experimental results match the theoretical values calculated from the additivity rule, a typical behavior for ideal mixed monolayers made of miscible components. This conclusion is confirmed from the values calculated for the free energy of excess (ΔG(exc)) of this system, which are practically zero, whatever the composition of the mixtures and the surface pressure at which ΔG(exc) values were calculated.

Agreement on emotion labels' frequency in eight Spanish linguistic areas.

Various traditions have investigated the relationship between emotion and language. For the basic emotions view, emotional prototypes are lexically sedimented in language, evidenced in cultural convergence in emotional recognition and expression tasks. For constructionist theories, conceptual knowledge supported by language is at the core of emotions. Understanding emotion words is embedded in various interrelated constructs such as emotional intelligence, emotion knowledge or emotion differentiation, and is related to, but different from, general vocabulary. A clear advantage of Emotion Vocabulary over most emotion-related constructs is that it can be measured objectively. In two successive corpus-based studies, we tested the predictions of concordance and absolute agreement on the frequency of use of a total of 100 Spanish emotion labels in the eight main Spanish-speaking areas: Spain, Mexico-Central America, River Plate, Continental Caribbean, Andean, Antilles, Chilean, and the United States. In both studies, the intraclass correlation coefficient was statistically different from the null and very large, over .95, as was the Kendall's concordance coefficient, indicating broad consensus among the Spanish linguistic areas. From an applied perspective, our results provide supporting evidence for the similarity in frequency, and therefore cross-cultural generalizability regarding familiarity of the 100 emotion labels as item stems or as experimental stimuli without going through a process of additional adaptation. On a broader scope, these results add evidence on the role of language for emotion theories. In this regard, countries and regions compared here share the same Spanish language, but differ in several aspects in history, culture, and socio-economic structure.

Combined Magnetoliposome Formation and Drug Loading in One Step for Efficient Alternating Current-Magnetic Field Remote-Controlled Drug Release.

We have developed a reproducible and facile one step strategy for the synthesis of doxorubicin loaded magnetoliposomes by using a thin-layer evaporation method. Liposomes of around 200 nm were made of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) with negative, positive, and hydrophobic surfaces that were incorporated outside, inside, or between the lipid bilayers, respectively. To characterize how NPs are incorporated in liposomes, advanced cryoTEM and atomic force microscope (AFM) techniques have been used. It was observed that only when the NPs are attached outside the liposomes, the membrane integrity is preserved (lipid melt transition shifts to 38.7 °C with high enthalpy 34.8 J/g) avoiding the leakage of the encapsulated drug while having good colloidal properties and the best heating efficiency under an alternating magnetic field (AMF). These magnetoliposomes were tested with two cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and HeLa cells. First, 100% of cellular uptake was achieved with a high cell survival (above 80%), which is preserved (83%) for doxorubicin-loaded magnetoliposomes. Then, we demonstrate that doxorubicin release can be triggered by remote control, using a noninvasive external AMF for 1 h, leading to a cell survival reduction of 20%. Magnetic field conditions of 202 kHz and 30 mT seem to be enough to produce an effective heating to avoid drug degradation. In conclusion, these drug-loaded magnetoliposomes prepared in one step could be used for drug release on demand at a specific time and place, efficiently using an external AMF to reduce or even eliminate side effects.