[The mosquito name of Anopheles ramsayi in China should be corrected to Anopheles pseudojamesi Strickland and Chowdhury, 1927 (Diptera : Culicidae)].

The present review deals with the nominate priority of mosquito names between An. ramsayi Covell, 1927 (published in Ind J Med Res, April 1927 number) and An. pseudojamesi Strickland and Chowdhury, 1927 (published in Ind Med Gaz, May 1927 number) and its synonymy reported in India. They adopted the priority by order of monthly number of the periodicals without exact dates. The name ranisayi for the priority used as the valid name long time in literature, and forms a wrong nominate case. The editor of Ind. Med. Gaz.(1936) entered an interesting footnote regarding the exact dates of publication for two names: ramsayi issued in May 15th 1927, while pseudojamesi was May 10th 1927. The fact showed that the name pseudojamesi has its priority. Nurul Huda and Harrison (1985) informed clearly for wrong nominate case, and clarified that the name pseudojamesi has priority over ramsayi. Therefore An. pseudojamesi is elevated to species rank (corrected to valid name), whereas An. ramsayi is regarded as its junior synonym (invalid name). That the rejected name of An. ramsayi now still being used in Chinese lliterature should he corrected to An. pseudojamesi quickly.

[A new species of Culicoides (Beltranmyia) from China (Diptera:Ceratopogonidae)].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the species of blood-sucking midges of Shanghai. METHODS: The specimens were collected by light-trap from Pudong Airport (reed marshes), Shanghai, during the years of 2007-2009. The captured samples was briefly classified, and mounted slide specimens with phenol-balsam method. The microscopic examination including morphological and numerical characters for species identification. RESULTS: A new species of biting midges named Culicoides (Beltranmyia) shanghaiensis sp. nov. was obtained, its diagnostic characters were as follows: 1) wing without distinct pale or dark markings, only 0-7 macrotrichia find in basal cell; 2) the female eyes separate, with pubescence between facets, proboscis head ratio (P/H) 0.7, while the head proboscis ratio (H/P) 1.45, antennal ratio (AR) 1.18, sensila coeloconica present on segments 3-14 (frequency: 1.0, 0.7, 0.5, 0.5, 0.7, 0.5, 0.8, 0.7, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, respectively, n = 17) and absent on segments 4-10 indefinitely, with one developed spermatheca; 3) the male's parameres fused narrowly on base. The new species is allied to Culicoides homochrous Remm, but can be distinguished chiefly by: its wing with numerous macrotrichias distributing in basal cell; female eyes separate, bare, H/P 1.03-1.04; male's parameres separate. Besides, the Culicoides charadraeus Arnaud and Culicoides rarus Das Gupta also resembling with the new species, it can be differentiated from the two former species by the female eyes bare and contiguous (or narrowly separated), AR > 1.61, no macrotrichia in basal cell of the wings, and the different male genitalia features. CONCLUSION: A new species of biting midges collected from Shanghai is described, and some diagnostic characters are discussed for distinguishing the closely allied species.

[On revision of the tribe aedini mosquitoes taxa record in China, with a proposed new classification system (Diptera: Culicidae)].

This paper reports the rectification results of the tribe aedini mosquitoes formerly recorded in China, using the classification system proposed by Reinert during the recent years. Among all the 171 species of Chinese aedini mosquitoes examined, 160 species could be included in the new classification system. The other 11 species were listed in traditional taxonomic status for further study. The proposed new classification system of the Chinese aedini mosquitoes contained 29 genera, i.e. Aedes, Armigeres, Ayurakitia, Bothaella*, Bruceharrisonius*, Christophersiomyia*, Collessius*, Danielsia*, Downsiomyia*, Edwardsaedes*, Finlaya*, Fredwardsius*, Gilesius*, Heizmannia, Himalaius*, Hopkinsius*, Hulecoeteomyia*, Jihlienius*, Kenknightia*, Luius*, Mucidus*, Neomelaniconion*, Ochlerotatus, Phagomyia*, Scutomyia*, Stegomyia*, Tanakaius*, Udaya, and Verrallina. Among them, 22 genera (*) were new records in China. Besides, the authors made a significant revision to the following 4 species recorded formerly in "Fauna Sinica, Insecta Vol. 8, Diptera: Culicidae": Ae. (Edw.) antuensis as the synonym of Ed. pingpaensis, while Ae. (Sin.) occidentayunnanus, Ae. (Och.) flavidorsalis, and Ae. (Fin.) subsimilis should be rectified as Hz. (Mat.) occidentayunnana, Oc. albineus, and Ud. subsimilis, respectively.

[Historical review on the classification and rectification of Anopheles anthropophagus to An. lesteri in China].

This paper deals with the taxonomic status and specific names of Anopheles anthropophagus and An. lesteri, the important malaria transmitting vector in China. Based on a historical review of the literature recorded from the country, substantial evidence from morphological and molecular biological studies gives reason to convince that An. anthropophagus is a synonym of An. lesteri. A resurrection of the specific name of An. lesteri Barisas et Hu, 1936 brooks no delay.

[On a new checklist of the anopheline mosquitoes in China with rectification for some specific names].

This paper presents a new revised "Checklist of the Anopheline Mosquitoes in China" based on the development of the mosquito-taxonomic researches during the years of 1988-2007. The new checklist contained 61 species (subspecies) of anopheline mosquitoes all in China. Twelve species among the past records were omitted because of their invalid specific names which were allocated into following categories: (1) A doubtful record in China, with no typical specimen up to date since last century, e.g. Anopheles campestris reported in Yunnan; (2) Misidentification: An. atroparvus and An. indiensis; (3) Confirmed as synonyms by hybridizing experiments or molecular identification, including 9 species as follows: An. changes, An. dazhaius, An. kiangsuensis, An. anthropophagus, An. kunmingensis, An. xiaokuanus, An. junlianensis, An. yutsushiroensis (part) and An. fluviatilis. Meanwhile, the following rectified 4 anopheline mosquito species should be added to the new checklist: An. belenrae, An. lester, An. pulls, and An. baimaii.

[Historical review on the development of medical parasitology in China during the years of 1871-2006].

The present review deals with the representative research papers on human parasites and parasitic diseases in China over the past hundred years (1871-2006). As the views focused on the development of the medical parasitology, the historical background and progressive characters in the period of fermentation, origination, and expansion have been discussed. The check list of the first cases of human parasitic diseases reported in China during 1871-2006 contained 128 species of parasitic pathogens, and among them 38 species were the newly revisional records. The citation from Faust's paper (1923) proved that previous record of "the first case of Eurytrema pancreaticum from Hongkong" was an absurdly mistake. The human infections of Diphyllobothrium latum, Toxocara canis, and Triodontophorus minor discovered by Lin (1924) from Beijing were the first records in the country. A doubtful malaria case reported from Chongqing by Hung (1944) should be revised as the first case of babesiosis in China. The above-presented examples suggest that the truthful record of parasitic pathogens is an important base for the discovery history of parasitic diseases. With comments on the research progress of human parasitic diseases in different historical stages, it seems that the trends of medical parasitology development in China have been synchronous with the research activities in the area.