[Solitary tumor of the spermatic cord]. / Solitärer Tumor des Samenstrangs.

A 4.5-cm elastic, non-dolent mass in the left spermatic cord was diagnosed in a 57-year-old man and totally excised by a scrotal access. Histologically a cellular angiofibroma was diagnosed. These benign tumours are very rare. In women the most common sites are the vulvovaginal, in men the inguinoscrotal region.

[Urethral strictures--operative strategy]. / Urethralstriktur--operative Konzepte.

Urethral strictures are very commonly encountered in urologists' day-to-day work. Many specific therapeutic and reconstructive procedures are available for treatment of the different types of urethral stricture, all of which can be recommended when the indications for each are carefully observed. This paper highlights operative concepts that allow a surgical therapy that is tailored to the localisation and length of the stricture and the severity of spongiofibrosis.

[Retroperitoneoscopy to extract an amorphous matrix calculus of the right kidney]. / Retroperitoneoskopische Pyelotomie zur Extraktion eines amorphen Matrixausgusssteins der rechten Niere.

The female patient underwent multiple extracorporal shockwave treatments and an ureterorenoscopy during which an amorphous renal mass was found. A retroperitoneoscopy was performed with extraction of a large amorphous matrix calculus. Today, the prevalence of matrix calculi is very low. They are associated with and caused by urinal-infections. Delayed diagnosis in radiological-imaging procedures is typical for these stones. The minimal-invasive approach via retroperitoneoscopy seems to be an intriguing alternative to the established procedures like percutaneous nephrolitholapaxy.

[Bilateral hydronephrosis as a result of opioid-induced bowel spasm in a patient with an ileal conduit]. / Harnstauungsnieren beidseits infolge opiatinduzierter Darmspastik bei einer Patientin mit Ileumconduit.

A 47-year-old woman with spina bifida and an ileal conduit since childhood presented with left-sided flank pain, bilateral hydronephrosis and oliguria suspicious for a recurrent stenosis at the ureteral implantation site. Her history revealed a recent increase in her pain medication with opioids for treatment of neuropathic pain. After insertion of percutaneous nephrostomy on the left side and confirmation of the stenosis, open reimplantation of the ureter was already discussed with the patient. However after dose reduction of the opioid therapy hydronephrosis resolved. Thus opioid-induced bowel spasm was probably the cause for the obstruction.

[Bladder injury. Diagnostics and treatment]. / Das Blasentrauma. Diagnostik und Behandlung.

Bladder injuries are caused by high-energy blunt trauma that disrupt the bony pelvis, a direct blow to a distended bladder, penetrating injuries, or various iatrogenic causes. When diagnosis is prompt and treatment adequate respecting the other possible injuries, complications from bladder injuries are rare. Problems may occur when the diagnosis is delayed. A systematic approach following the prescribed guidelines will help to successfully manage these cases.

[Infected upper renal pole in a duplex system with paravaginal abscess]. / Infizierter oberer Doppelnierenanteil rechts mit paravaginalem Abszess.

INTRODUCTION: Diagnosis of afunctional duplex systems may be delayed as they are often associated with misleading and atypical symptoms. A 40-year-old female with no history of urological disease exemplifies this thesis. CASE REPORT: Symptoms at admission were fever with pain in the right flank and lower abdomen. Sonography showed a large unclear structure at the upper pole of the right kidney and a paravaginal abscess, which was drained primarily. Rising temperature led to examination by CT-scan, which revealed a renal abscess of the upper pole, suggesting a right extopic ureter. After percutaneous drainage, further examinations (antegrade pyelography and IVP) confirmed an ectopic, blind-ending duplex ureter with a hydropyonephrotic upper renal system on the right side. Upper poole resection with ureterectomy was performed. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with unclear abscesses in the area of the external genitalia, congenital anomalies of the urinary tract should be considered as an underlying disease.