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1.
Sensors (Basel) ; 23(18)2023 Sep 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37765871

RESUMO

At present, the field of the Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the fastest-growing areas in terms of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques [...].

2.
Sensors (Basel) ; 22(24)2022 Dec 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36560153

RESUMO

With the advances in sensing technologies, sensor networks became the core of several different networks, including the Internet of Things (IoT) and drone networks. This led to the use of sensor networks in many critical applications including military, health care, and commercial applications. In addition, sensors might be mobile or stationary. Stationary sensors, once deployed, will not move; however, mobile nodes can move from one place to another. In most current applications, mobile sensors are used to collect data from stationary sensors. This raises many energy consumption challenges, including sensor networks' energy consumption, urgent messages transfer for real-time analysis, and path planning. Moreover, sensors in sensor networks are usually exposed to environmental parameters and left unattended. These issues, up to our knowledge, are not deeply covered in the current research. This paper develops a complete framework to solve these challenges. It introduces novel path planning techniques considering areas' priority, environmental parameters, and urgent messages. Consequently, a novel energy-efficient and reliable clustering algorithm is proposed considering the residual energy of the sensor nodes, the quality of wireless links, and the distance parameter representing the average intra-cluster distance. Moreover, it proposes a real-time, energy-efficient, reliable and environment-aware routing, taking into account the environmental data, link quality, delay, hop count, nodes' residual energy, and load balancing. Furthermore, for the benefit of the sensor networks research community, all proposed algorithms are formed in integer linear programming (ILP) for optimal solutions. All proposed techniques are evaluated and compared to six recent algorithms. The results showed that the proposed framework outperforms the recent algorithms.


Assuntos
Redes de Comunicação de Computadores , Tecnologia sem Fio , Fenômenos Físicos , Algoritmos , Análise por Conglomerados
3.
Sensors (Basel) ; 22(22)2022 Nov 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36433542

RESUMO

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been around for over a decade and have been used in many important applications. Energy and reliability are two of the major problems with these kinds of applications. Reliable data delivery is an important issue in WSNs because it is a key part of how well data are sent. At the same time, energy consumption in battery-based sensors is another challenge. Therefore, efficient clustering and routing are techniques that can be used to save sensors energy and guarantee reliable message delivery. With this in mind, this paper develops an energy-efficient and reliable clustering protocol (ERCP) for WSNs. First, an efficient clustering technique is proposed for sensor nodes' energy savings considering different clustering parameters, including the link quality metric, the energy, the distance to neighbors, the distance to the sink node, and the cluster load metric. The proposed routing protocol works based on the concept of a reliable inter-cluster routing technique that saves energy. The routing decisions are made based on different parameters, such as the energy balance metric, the distance to the sink node, and the wireless link quality. Many experiments and analyses are examined to determine how well the ERCP performs. The experiment results showed that the ECRP protocol performs much better than some of the recent algorithms in both homogeneous and heterogeneous networks.

4.
BMC Public Health ; 20(1): 530, 2020 Apr 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32306941

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Acute arboviral infections are distributed worldwide including Sudan, and dengue fever (DENV) is not an exception. The virus activity has recently been frequently reported in Kassala State, eastern Sudan. However, an appropriate epidemiological study would be necessary to provide accurate and precise estimates of the magnitude of recent DENV transmission in this area of endemicity. METHODS: In the present investigation, a cross sectional study was conducted to advance beyond the current knowledge of the epidemiology of the disease in Kassala State. The prevalence of the disease was estimated and associated risk factors were determined. Sampled sera were collected and screened for recent dengue transmissionas as determined by DENV-IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The collection of data for risk assessment was supported by a well designed structured questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of recent DENV infection was estimated to be (11.42%). Potential risk factors to DENV seropsitivity include, age (OR = 3.24, CI = 1.81-5.77,p-value = 0.001); low income (OR = 3.75, CI = 1.57-8.93, p-value = 0.027); mosquito control (OR = 4.18, CI = 2.33-7.51, p-value = 0.004); and localities. CONCLUSION: The present study showed a high rate of circulating DENV IgM antibodies among the participants of the study (11.42%), suggesting recent transmission of DENV in Kassala State, eastern Sudan. The frequent occurrence of DENV infections necessitates the need for improved surveillance programs and prevention measures to combat this important arboviral disease in Sudan.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Vírus da Dengue/imunologia , Dengue/epidemiologia , Doenças Endêmicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Imunoglobulina M/sangue , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Dengue/imunologia , Dengue/transmissão , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina M/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Controle de Mosquitos/estatística & dados numéricos , Pobreza/estatística & dados numéricos , Prevalência , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Sudão/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
5.
Plant Dis ; 104(1): 147-153, 2020 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31729931

RESUMO

Pseudothecia development stages of Venturia inaequalis (apple scab) were investigated in two climatically different regions in the Western Cape of South Africa. The aim was to determine the pseudothecial density (PD; pseudothecia per fertile lesion [p/f]) and ascal density (AD; asci per pseudothecium [a/p]) that contributes to defining the potential ascospore dose in a common prediction model of the apple scab infection risk. The PD and AD were compared between Elgin (EL), now considered a warm winter apple-growing region because of climate warming, and Koue Bokkeveld (KB), a cold winter region. In 2012 and 2013, scabbed apple leaves were collected during leaf-drop in KB and EL and overwintered either in their region of origin or in the other region. PD was significantly higher in scabbed leaves collected and overwintered in KB (mean, 24.11 p/f) than in leaves collected in KB and overwintered in EL (mean, 17.11 p/f; P < 0.001). PD of scabbed leaves collected and overwintered in EL (mean, 15.27 p/f) or collected in EL and overwintered in KB (mean, 16.07 p/f) did not differ significantly. Ascal density did not differ significantly in any treatment or season. We concluded that the significantly higher PD of scabbed leaves collected from the cooler region of KB and overwintered in KB compared with scabbed leaves collected in EL or KB and overwintered in EL could be caused by adaptations of V. inaequalis populations to the respective climates. This implied long-term effects of climate warming on apple scab epidemiology and management.


Assuntos
Ascomicetos , Modelos Biológicos , Doenças das Plantas , Temperatura , Ascomicetos/fisiologia , Malus/microbiologia , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Folhas de Planta/microbiologia , África do Sul
6.
Environ Geochem Health ; 41(4): 1809, 2019 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29282620

RESUMO

Unfortunately, in the original publication of the article, Prof. Yang Sik Ok's affiliation was incorrectly published. The author's affiliation is as follows.

7.
Environ Geochem Health ; 41(4): 1705-1722, 2019 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28424945

RESUMO

A 30-day incubation experiment was conducted using a heavy metal-contaminated mined soil amended with date palm feedstock (FS) and its derivative biochars (BCs) at three pyrolysis temperatures of 300 (BC-300), 500 (BC-500), and 700 °C (BC-700) with different application rates (0.0, 5, 15, and 30 g kg-1) to investigate their short-term effects on soil respiration (CO2-C efflux), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), soil organic carbon (SOC), mobile fraction of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, and Fe), pH, and electrical conductivity (EC). The results showed that FS and BC-300 with increasing addition rate significantly reduced soil pH, whereas SOC, CO2-C efflux, and soil MBC were increased compared to the control. On the contrary, BC-500 and BC-700 increased soil pH at early stage of incubation and have small or no effects on SOC, CO2-C efflux, and MBC. Based on the results, the date palm biochars exhibited much lower cumulative CO2-C efflux than feedstock, even with low-temperature biochar, indicating that BCs have C sequestration potential. Applying BC-700 at 15 and 30 g kg-1 significantly reduced cumulative CO2-C efflux by 21.8 and 45.4% compared to the control, respectively. The incorporation of FS into contaminated soil significantly increased the mobile content of Cd and Mn, but decreased the mobile content of Cu. However, BC-300 significantly reduced the mobile content of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn. It could be concluded that low-temperature biochar could be used as a soil amendment for reducing heavy metal mobility in mining contaminated soil in addition to minimize soil CO2-C efflux.


Assuntos
Carvão Vegetal/química , Metais Pesados/química , Phoeniceae/química , Microbiologia do Solo , Poluentes do Solo/química , Biomassa , Carbono/metabolismo , Carvão Vegetal/análise , Carvão Vegetal/metabolismo , Condutividade Elétrica , Recuperação e Remediação Ambiental/métodos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Metais Pesados/análise , Mineração , Pirólise , Solo/química , Poluentes do Solo/análise , Temperatura , Resíduos
8.
Epidemiol Infect ; 146(15): 1909-1915, 2018 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30099969

RESUMO

Salmonella prevalence in UK pigs is amongst the highest in Europe, highlighting the need to investigate pig farms which have managed to maintain a low Salmonella seroprevalence. A total of 19 pig farms that had a consistently low (<10%) seroprevalence over 4 years (named Platinum farms) were compared against 38 randomly selected Control farms, chosen to match the same distribution of production types and geographical distribution of the Platinum farms. Each farm was visited and floor faeces and environmental samples were collected. It was shown that Control farms had a significantly higher median percentage of pooled faecal samples positive for Salmonella compared with the Platinum farms (12.1% and 0.4% for pooled faecal samples, respectively) and were more likely to have serovars of public health importance detected (S. Typhimurium/ monophasic variants or S. Enteritidis). Considering the comprehensive on-farm sampling, the identification of farms negative for Salmonella, along with the identification of those that had maintained low prevalence over a long period is important. The risk factor analyses identified pelleted feed, feed deliveries crossing farm perimeter and regular antibiotic use as associated with being a Control farm. Performance data indicated that Platinum farms were performing better for slaughter live weight than Controls. Limited assessments of available pig movement records suggested that the source of pigs was not key to Platinum status, but further study would be needed to confirm this finding. These results emphasise that maintaining very low prevalence on UK farms is achievable.


Assuntos
Fazendas , Salmonelose Animal/epidemiologia , Salmonella/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Animais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Fezes/microbiologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Salmonella/classificação , Sorogrupo , Suínos , Reino Unido/epidemiologia
9.
BMC Public Health ; 18(1): 921, 2018 07 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30053811

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Dengue fever, caused by dengue virus (DENV), has become one of the most important mosquito-borne viral diseases with a steady rise in global incidence, including the Sudan. Sporadic cases and frequent acute febrile illness outbreaks, compatible with Dengue fever, have been reported in El-Gadarif State, Sudan. However, diagnosis was based almost exclusively on clinical signs without confirmatory laboratory investigations. Despite the magnitude of the problem in El-Gadarif State, no information is currently available with regard to the epidemiology of the disease in this State. El-Gadarif State is one of the largest commercial centers in the Sudan. The objective of the present investigation is to estimate the prevalence of DENV antibodies, and determine the potential risk factors associated with seropositivity among residents of El-Gadarif State. METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted in a total of 701residents randomly selected from all 10 localities in El-Gadarif State. The sera from the 701 residents were tested for the presence of DENV-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies using a commercially available Anti-dengue IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Among the 701 residents, 334 residents (47.6%) were seropositive for DENV. Mosquito control (OR = 2.73, CI = 1.37-5.87, p-value = 0.001); low income (OR = 2.31, CI: 1.71-6.36, p value = 0.032); sleeping out-doors (OR = 3.73, CI = 2.63-6.23, p-value = 0.013), and localities were determined as potential risk factors for contracting DENV infection. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence rate of DENV antibodies among residents of El-Gadarif State is significantly high (47.6%). Further epidemiologic studies including, distribution of mosquito vectors and implementation of improved surveillance are urgently warranted for better prediction and prevention of a possible DENV outbreak in El-Gadarif State, Sudan.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Vírus da Dengue/imunologia , Dengue/epidemiologia , Controle de Mosquitos/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Animais , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Dengue/sangue , Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pobreza/estatística & dados numéricos , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Testes Sorológicos , Sudão/epidemiologia
12.
Orthod Craniofac Res ; 17(3): 144-9, 2014 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24386886

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we performed a case-control association analysis to determine whether the candidate genes COL2A1 and IGF-1 are susceptibility genes for mandibular prognathism (MP). METHODS: Eleven and five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in COL2A1 and IGF-1, respectively, were selected and genotyped in 211 cases and 224 controls. The individual SNPs and the relevant haplotypes were analyzed and tested for an association with MP, to identify genes potentially associated with MP. RESULTS: In the analysis of individual SNPs, the SNP rs1793953 in the COL2A1 gene showed a possible association with MP with regard to allelic frequency and genotypic distribution (p = 0.031; p = 0.025, respectively) in the 211 cases and 224 controls. The A allele of rs1793953 was associated with a significantly decreased risk of MP (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.58-0.97). Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analysis revealed that MP was not associated with haplotypes that included the rs1793953 alleles. IGF-1 gene did not show the association with MP. CONCLUSION: An association between polymorphism in the COL2A1 gene and MP was observed. The results suggested that the COL2A1 gene could be a new susceptibility gene for use in the study of genetic risk factors for MP.


Assuntos
Colágeno Tipo II/genética , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/genética , Prognatismo/genética , Adenina , Adolescente , Estudos de Casos e Controles , China/etnologia , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Genótipo , Guanina , Haplótipos , Heterozigoto , Homozigoto , Hong Kong , Humanos , Desequilíbrio de Ligação/genética , Masculino , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética
13.
Int J Orthod Milwaukee ; 25(1): 47-56, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24812743

RESUMO

Laser technique now is widely applied in orthodontic treatment and proved to have many benefits. Soft tissue lasers can be used to perform gingivectomy, frenectomy and surgical exposure of tooth with less bleeding and swelling, improved precision, reduced pain and less wound contraction. Other laser applications include enamel etching and bonding and bracket debonding. Lower level lasers have the potential effects of pain control and accelerating tooth movement. Clinicians must be aware of the safety issues and risks associated with laser and receive proper training before the laser treatment is started.


Assuntos
Terapia a Laser/métodos , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodos , Ortodontia , Colagem Dentária/métodos , Corrosão Dentária/métodos , Segurança de Equipamentos , Humanos , Lasers/efeitos adversos , Lasers/classificação , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Bucais/métodos , Braquetes Ortodônticos
14.
Data Brief ; 53: 110166, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38406246

RESUMO

Smart cities, as well as smart homes research, are becoming of concern, especially in the field of energy consumption and production. However, there is a lack in the dataset that can be used to simulate smart city energy consumption and prediction or even smart homes. Therefore, this paper provides a carefully generated dataset for smart home energy management simulation. Five datasets are generated and analysed to ensure suitability, including 20, 50, 100, and 200 homes across 365 days. For more accurate data, energy consumption and production for 50 homes are generated based on real input taken from a dataset for homes in Saudi Arabia. Due to the unavailability of a comprehensive dataset related to the complex scenario of smart home sensors, energy consumption, and peer-to-peer data exchange, synthetic data was generated to support the simulation of smart home energy generation and consumption. This synthetic data plays a crucial role in situations where simulating uncommon events, ensuring data availability, facilitating extensive experimentation and model validation, and enabling scalability are paramount. It offers a valuable opportunity to incorporate these rare yet significant occurrences into the simulation, particularly in the context of infrequent events, such as abnormal energy consumption patterns observed in smart homes. The generated data is analysed and validated in this article, ready to be used for many smart home and city research.

15.
Cytotherapy ; 15(6): 712-25, 2013 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23474328

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AIMS: The aim of this study was to engineer sizable three-dimensional cartilage-like constructs using stem cells isolated from human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). METHODS: Human DPSCs were isolated from teeth extracted for orthodontic treatment and enriched further using immuno-magnetic bead selection for stem cell marker CD146. Chondrogenic lineage differentiation of DPSCs induced using recombinant transforming growth factor ß3 (TGFß3) was verified by pellet culture. Because the use of recombinant proteins is associated with rapid degradation and difficult in vivo administration, we constructed the recombinant adeno-associated viral vector encoding human TGFß3 and determined the best multiplicity of infection for DPSCs. Transduced DPSCs were seeded on poly-l-lactic acid/polyethylene glycol (PLLA/PEG) electrospun fiber scaffolds demonstrating proper attachment, proliferation and viability as shown by scanning electron microscopy micrographs and CCK-8 cell counting kit. Scaffolds seeded with DPSCs were implanted in the back of nude mice. RESULTS: Transduced DPSCs highly expressed human TGFß3 for up to 48 days and expressed chondrogenic markers collagen IIa1, Sox9 and aggrecan, as verified by immunohistochemistry and messenger RNA (mRNA). Immunohistochemistry for TGFß3/DPSC constructs (n = 5/group) showed cartilage-like matrix formation with glycosaminoglycans. In vivo constructs with TGFß3/DPSCs showed higher collagen type II and Sox9 mRNA expression relative to non-transduced DPSC constructs (n = 5/group). Western blot analysis confirmed this expression pattern on the protein level (n = 3/group). CONCLUSIONS: Immuno-selected DPSCs can be successfully differentiated toward chondrogenic lineage, while expressing the chondrogenic inducing factor. Seeded on PLLA/PEG electrospun scaffold, human DPSCs formed three-dimensional cartilage constructs that could prove useful in future treatment of cartilage defects.


Assuntos
Cartilagem/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Condrogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Polpa Dentária/citologia , Engenharia Tecidual , Animais , Cartilagem/citologia , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem da Célula , Polpa Dentária/metabolismo , Humanos , Camundongos , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/farmacologia , Células-Tronco/citologia , Células-Tronco/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta3/genética , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta3/farmacologia , Transgenes
16.
Orthod Craniofac Res ; 16(1): 56-64, 2013 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23311660

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Functional appliances lead, in different degrees, to loss of anchorage in the lower arch. By anchoring them to the mandibular bone, any dental side effects may be avoided and the skeletal effect enhanced. Stability of bone-borne fixation would be affected by forces created by the pull of the masticatory muscles. We aimed to identify mean maximum forces produced by mandibular retrusive muscles, at different degrees of advancement. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Eighteen healthy adult volunteers participated in the study. Maximum retrusive force was measured using a splint/load cell system. Readings of the maximum forces of retrusion were taken from five mandibular positions: unstrained retruded position, and 4, 5, 6, and 7 mm anterior to the unstrained position. Data were presented as means ± SD and anova was performed to examine statistical significant differences between means of the maximum retrusion force. RESULTS: Mean maximum retrusion force ranged between 63.3 and 198.2 newtons at the unstrained and 7 mm positions, respectively. It increased as the distance of advancement increased, being statistically significantly (p < 0.05) less at unstrained position compared with all advancement distances, 4 mm of advancement than 6 and 7 mm advancement, 5 mm of advancement than at 7 mm advancement. CONCLUSION: Magnitude of the forces exerted by muscles during voluntary maximum retrusion movement from different advancement positions increased proportionately as the retrusion distance increased up to 7 mm. Such range of high forces might be important to consider when designing a bone-borne functional appliance.


Assuntos
Força de Mordida , Mandíbula/fisiologia , Avanço Mandibular , Músculos da Mastigação/fisiologia , Força Muscular/fisiologia , Procedimentos de Ancoragem Ortodôntica/instrumentação , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Força Compressiva , Oclusão Dentária Central , Análise do Estresse Dentário , Feminino , Humanos , Registro da Relação Maxilomandibular , Masculino , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Aparelhos Ortodônticos Funcionais , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Resistência à Tração
17.
Clin Oral Investig ; 17(7): 1719-25, 2013 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23103961

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this paper are to determine the storage stability of saliva at 37 °C over an 18-month period, and its influence on the DNA yield, purity, PCR protocols and genotyping efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of the 60 participants, blood samples were obtained from 10 and saliva from 50. Samples were subjected to different storage conditions: DNA extracted immediately; DNA extracted following storage at 37 °C for 1, 6, 12 and 18 months. Subsequently, DNA yield, OD(260/280) and OD(260/230) ratios were measured. The isolated DNA was used to amplify exons 0-7 of the RUNX2 gene and subsequently sequenced. Furthermore, 25 SNPs were genotyped. RESULTS: The mean DNA yield, OD(260/280) and OD(260/230) ratios obtained from blood were 67.4 ng/µl, 1.8 ± 0.05 and 1.8 ± 0.4 respectively. DNA yield obtained from saliva was significantly higher than blood (p < 0.0001), ranging from 97.4 to 125.8 ng/µl while the OD(260/280) ratio ranged from 1.8 ± 0.13 to 1.9 ± 0.1. The success rates for the 25 SNPs ranged from 98 to 100 % for blood and 96-99 % for saliva samples with the genotype frequencies in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (>0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Saliva can be stored at 37 °C for 18 months without compromising its quality and ability to endure genetic analyses. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Saliva is a viable source of human DNA to facilitate the feasibility of large-scale genetic studies.


Assuntos
DNA/isolamento & purificação , Saliva/química , Manejo de Espécimes/métodos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , DNA/genética , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Temperatura
18.
Eur J Orthod ; 35(6): 826-31, 2013 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23172577

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the flavonoid naringin on the growth of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis by quantifying the levels of expression of Sox9 and PTHrP in an in vitro mouse model. Fifty 1-day-old BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to experimental or control groups, and each group equally divided into five time frames (6, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours). The mice were sacrificed with phenobarbitone sodium, and the spheno-occipital synchondroses dissected and cultured in control or experimental medium, with the experimental medium supplemented with 0.1 µm naringin. Sections of the specimens underwent immunohistochemical staining for Sox9 and PTHrP, and the amount of expression was quantified using true-colour RGB (red-green-blue) computer-assisted image-analysing system with digital imaging. Data analysis showed there was a significant increase of expression of Sox9 at 6 and 24 hours (P < 0.001) between experimental and control groups, however, there was no significant difference between the levels of expression of PTHrP between experimental and control groups at any of the time frames. There was a very weak correlation found in this study between the expression of PTHrP and Sox9. In conclusion, naringin enhances the growth of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis through over expression of Sox9. This is a successful in vitro model to study factors regulating the growth of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis.


Assuntos
Flavanonas/farmacologia , Osso Occipital/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteína Relacionada ao Hormônio Paratireóideo/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição SOX9/metabolismo , Osso Esfenoide/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Osso Occipital/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Osso Occipital/metabolismo , Osso Esfenoide/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Osso Esfenoide/metabolismo
19.
Healthcare (Basel) ; 11(6)2023 Mar 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36981545

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The outbreak has harmed patients with multiple comorbidities and chronic conditions. The pandemic's psychological impact is thought to change their routine of seeking medical care. Research Question or Hypothesis: During COVID-19, patients with chronic conditions may experience anxiety, depression, and stress, and their pattern of seeking medical care may change. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In May 2021, a cross-sectional, web-based study of patients with chronic diseases was conducted. Eligible patients (1036) were assessed for psychological disorders, primarily depression, stress, and anxiety, using the DASS-21 scale, and their pattern of receiving medical care during COVID-19. RESULTS: During the pandemic, 52.5% of the patients with chronic diseases were depressed, 57.9% were anxious, and 35.6% were stressed. Patients with chronic diseases who had moderate to severe depression (34.9% versus 45.1%, p = 0.001), moderate to severe anxiety (43.6% versus 53.8%, p = 0.001), or moderate to severe stress (14.9% versus 34.8%, p = 0.001) were significantly more likely to have no follow-up for their chronic conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with chronic conditions experienced significant anxiety, depression, and stress during COVID-19, which changed their pattern of seeking medical care, and the majority of them did not receive follow-up for their chronic conditions.

20.
Carbohydr Polym ; 301(Pt B): 120350, 2023 Feb 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36446510

RESUMO

Thermo-sensitive composite microspheres (TPCP) were developed to achieve the on-demand release of drugs. The TPCP microspheres were synthesized using Oil-in-Water (O/W) emulsion evaporation technique and then impregnated with thermo-sensitive polyethylene glycol (PEG). The addition of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) significantly enhance thermal stability, crystallization ability, and surface hydrophilicity of TPCP microspheres due to heterogeneous nucleation effect and hydrogen bonding interaction, resulting in stable microsphere structure. The thermal degradation temperature (Tmax) increased by 13.8 °C, and the crystallinity improved by 20.9 % for 10 % TPCP. The thermo-sensitive composite microspheres showed the regulated cumulative release according to in vitro human physiological temperature changes. Besides, four release kinetics and possible release mechanism of TPCP microspheres were provided. Such thermo-responsive composite microspheres with control microsphere sizes and high encapsulation rate may have the potential to the development of on-demand and advanced controlled-release delivery systems.


Assuntos
Celulose , Nanopartículas , Humanos , Liberação Controlada de Fármacos , Microesferas , Cinética
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