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1.
Nature ; 563(7732): 501-507, 2018 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30429615

RESUMO

Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes infect more than 400 million people each year with dangerous viral pathogens including dengue, yellow fever, Zika and chikungunya. Progress in understanding the biology of mosquitoes and developing the tools to fight them has been slowed by the lack of a high-quality genome assembly. Here we combine diverse technologies to produce the markedly improved, fully re-annotated AaegL5 genome assembly, and demonstrate how it accelerates mosquito science. We anchored physical and cytogenetic maps, doubled the number of known chemosensory ionotropic receptors that guide mosquitoes to human hosts and egg-laying sites, provided further insight into the size and composition of the sex-determining M locus, and revealed copy-number variation among glutathione S-transferase genes that are important for insecticide resistance. Using high-resolution quantitative trait locus and population genomic analyses, we mapped new candidates for dengue vector competence and insecticide resistance. AaegL5 will catalyse new biological insights and intervention strategies to fight this deadly disease vector.


Assuntos
Aedes/genética , Infecções por Arbovirus/virologia , Arbovírus , Genoma de Inseto/genética , Genômica/normas , Controle de Insetos , Mosquitos Vetores/genética , Mosquitos Vetores/virologia , Aedes/virologia , Animais , Infecções por Arbovirus/transmissão , Arbovírus/isolamento & purificação , Variações do Número de Cópias de DNA/genética , Vírus da Dengue/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Variação Genética/genética , Genética Populacional , Glutationa Transferase/genética , Resistência a Inseticidas/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Anotação de Sequência Molecular , Família Multigênica/genética , Piretrinas/farmacologia , Padrões de Referência , Processos de Determinação Sexual/genética
2.
BMJ Case Rep ; 20162016 Sep 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27681352

RESUMO

A female preterm infant was born to a non-consanguineous couple at 35 weeks of gestation. On day 8 of life, while on full feeds, she developed prolonged apnoea and bradycardia, requiring respiratory support. Her abdomen was soft with unremarkable serial abdominal X-rays. Her septic screen was negative. Metabolic acidosis was worsening despite treatment. Echocardiography showed evidence of high pulmonary pressures. With further deterioration, an ultrasound scan of the abdomen was requested in view of the rising suspicion of abdominal pathology in the absence of sepsis and metabolic disorders. Mural oedema, pneumatosis and portal venous gas, consistent with diagnosis of necrotising enterocolitis, were noted in the ultrasound images. An emergency laparotomy showed extensive small bowel necrosis. Despite maximal medical support, the infant died. This case highlights the importance of imaging using an ultrasound scanner in the diagnosis of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants having intractable metabolic acidosis, subtle abdominal signs and unremarkable abdominal X-rays.

3.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord ; 11(4): 233-9, 2005 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15878584

RESUMO

To investigate the prevalence of Essential Tremor (ET) in Singapore and compare the rates between Singaporean Chinese, Malays, and Indians, a community-based survey among a disproportionate random sample of 15,000 individuals (9000 Chinese, 3000 Malays, 3000 Indians) aged 50 years and above was conducted. In phase 1, trained interviewers conducted a door-to-door survey using a screening questionnaire for Parkinson's disease. In phase 2, medical specialists examined participants who screened positive to evaluate for the presence of postural or kinetic tremor of the upper limbs, or head tremor. Participants with suspected ET had their diagnosis confirmed in phase 3 by a movement disorders specialist and fellow based on the latest core diagnostic criteria. Forty participants with classic ET were identified. The prevalence rate (PR) of ET was 2.37 per 1000 (95% CI: 1.65-3.32), age-adjusted to UICC world standard population. The PR was significantly higher in males (p=0.01) and increased significantly with age (p<0.001). Indians (PR=4.94 per 1000, 95% CI: 2.63-9.04) were 1.8 times more likely to have ET than Chinese (PR=2.77 per 1000, 95% CI: 1.78-4.17) (p=0.08). No Malays with ET were identified. The data suggest that the prevalence of ET increases with age, is higher in males and may be higher amongst Indians.


Assuntos
Tremor Essencial/etnologia , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , China/etnologia , Feminino , Humanos , Índia/etnologia , Indonésia/etnologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Distribuição por Sexo , Singapura/epidemiologia
4.
J Obstet Gynaecol India ; 61(6): 667-9, 2011 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23204688

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To identify whether electively induced labor places the mother or her fetus at an increased risk as compared to her spontaneous labor cohort. To quantify the risk of cesarean section in the induced group. METHODS: A prospective analysis comparing 200 electively induced parturients with 200 matched controls who labored spontaneously, in 1 year from April 2007 to April 2008. The parturients were between 37 and 41 weeks of gestation and had no complications necessitating induction. RESULTS: Induction per se was not associated with a statistically significant increase in cesarean section rates. Only when associated with nulliparity, low bishop score, and birth weight >3.5 kg, the risk of cesarean increases. CONCLUSION: Elective induction does not appear to pose an increased risk to the mother or her fetus in a carefully selected patient population. However, when associated with risk factors the cesarean rate increases. Hence informed consent should be taken before induction.

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