Does the presence of oral health teams influence the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia and mortality of patients in intensive care units? Systematic review.

AIMS: To verify whether oral health teams influence the oral health status, ventilator-associated pneumonia incidence and mortality rate of patients in Intensive Care Units (ICU). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bibliographic searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Embase, Livivo, Open Grey, Academic Google, and Cochrane databases. The assessment of the methodological quality and risk of bias of the included studies and a random-effects meta-analysis to summarize relative risk data for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and mortality were performed. An analysis of the certainty of the evidence was performed for the main outcomes analyzed. RESULTS: Records of 518 studies were analyzed by reading titles and abstracts. Five studies were included according to eligibility criteria. The meta-analysis showed that ICU patients undergoing dental care by an oral health team had a lower incidence of VAP (OR = 0.33; 95% CI: 014-0.76) but did not lower mortality rates (OR = 0.46 95% CI: 0.16-1.32). The certainty of the evidence was considered very low. CONCLUSION: Dental care provided by oral health teams in a hospital environment did not influence oral health status or mortality, although it contributed to a reduction in VAP of patients admitted to the ICU.

Oral health surveys of Traditional Peoples and Communities in Brazil: a scoping review protocol.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review protocol is to map the available evidence regarding all the oral health surveys of Traditional Peoples and Communities (TPCs) in Brazil. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The review question of the protocol is: 'What evidence is available on the oral health surveys of Traditional Peoples and Communities in Brazil?'. Observational studies that report oral health surveys of TPC in Brazil will be included. The protocol considered the Problem, Concept and Context strategy to guide data collection, as established by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The search strategy will consider Medical Subject Headings terms, synonyms and relevant free terms about epidemiological surveys in oral health and TPC in Brazil, with no limits to data, language, subject or search type, in the databases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed), Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scopus, Web of Science and Embase. Bibliographic searches will be updated until June 2023. The selection will be carried out by two independent, blinded reviewers, following the eligibility criteria, based on the title and abstract identified in the initial search. Potentially eligible studies will be fully read to confirm eligibility and collect relevant information. The categorisation of the studies will consider the author and year of publication, the traditional group studied, the study design, geographic location, age group, sample size, data collection method and the main oral health problem evaluated and its outcome. The data obtained and extracted will be presented in table format and text and presented using the visualisation of similarities method. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The present study does not need ethical approval. The protocol title was registered in the Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/BQ5J3). A final article will be prepared presenting the results of the scoping review, and will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. The findings of this review will be presented at national conferences and scientific meetings.

Impact of oral health on nutritional status, self-perception of oral health and quality of life of institutionalized elderly.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the influence of oral health on nutritional status, self-perception of oral health and health related quality of life of institutionalized elders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 193 institutionalized elders living in the metropolitan region of João Pessoa (Brazil). The independent variables included were: 1) caries experience (DMFT index and its components); 2) use and need of dental prostheses; and 3) type of edentulism. The dependent variables included were related to nutritional status, self-perception of oral health and health-related quality of life. Data were submitted to a descriptive and comparative analysis, through correlation, association and difference tests, considering a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). RESULTS: No statistical significant correlations or associations between the oral health status and nutritional status and quality of life were found (p>0.05). Individuals who did not need prosthesis had higher scores for nutritional status. Self-perception of oral health and health-related quality of life did not vary significantly according to the studied variables. CONCLUSIONS: The oral health status has a limited impact on the nutritional status, and does not impact the self-perception of oral health and quality of life of the institutionalized elders. Key words:Nursing homes, oral health, quality of life.

Biochemical and microbiological analysis of the saliva of institutionalized elderly: With edentulism, use of dentures and presence of biofilm.

BACKGROUND: To analyze biochemical and microbiological parameters of the saliva of institutionalized elders and to investigate the relation of these parameters with edentulism, use of dentures and presence of biofilm. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study carried was out in seven long-term institutions. Samples (n=161) of unstimulated saliva were collected for analysis of salivary flow, quantification of total proteins and identification of microorganisms. Oral examination was carried out to verify the number of missing teeth, the use of dentures and the presence of visible biofilm on the surface of teeth and dentures. Associations were performed using chi-square or Fisher's exact test (α<0.05). Mann-Whitney Test was used to identify differences in the salivary flow and total proteins (α<0.05). RESULTS: There was no association between the type of edentulism and use of dentures with biochemical and microbiological parameters of saliva (p>0.05). Associations were observed between the presence of dentures biofilm and the colonization of Streptococcus sp. (p=0.038) and Candida sp. (p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The absence of teeth and use of dentures do not influence the amount of total proteins and the microorganisms count in saliva. Denture biofilms are associated with the presence of Streptococcus sp. and Candida sp. in saliva of institutionalized elders. Key words:Candida, long-stay institutions for elders, saliva, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus.

Fatores associados ao acúmulo de biofilme visível em idosos institucionalizados / Factors associated with visible biofilm accumulation in institutionalized elders

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliaro acúmulo de biofilme visível e verificar os fatores associados em idosos institucionalizados. Realizou-se um estudo transversal com idosos (n = 193) em instituições de longa permanência (n = 7) da região metropolitana de João Pessoa (PB). A presença de biofilme visível nos dentes e/ou nas próteses dentárias foi considerada como variável dependente. As variáveis independentes do estudo foram: características sociodemográficas, estado físico, hábitos de higiene e presença de agravos bucais. A influência das variáveis independentes sobre as variáveis dependentes foi analisada segundo regressão logística (α < 0,05). Foi possível perceber que a presença de biofilme dental visível (63,3%) está associada com idade superior a 80 anos (OR = 1,53), presença de cálculo dental (OR = 4,91) e frequência de escovação até uma vez ao dia (OR = 1,96). Diante disso, o acúmulo de biofilme visível está associado com avanço da idade, presença de cálculo dental e baixa frequência de higiene.

To evaluate the presence of visible biofilm accumulation and check associated factors in institutionalized elders. We conducted in a cross-sectional study with elders (n=193) from long-term care facilities (n=7) in the metropolitan region of João Pessoa-PB. The presence of visible biofilm in teeth and/or dentures was considered as dependent variable. The independent variables of the study were: socio-demographic characteristics, physical state, hygiene habits, and presence of oral diseases. The influence of independent variables on dependent variables was analyzed according to logistic regression (α<0.05). The presence of visible dental biofilm (IPV) (63.3%) is associated with age over 80 years (PR=1.53), presence of dental calculus (OR=4,91) and brushing frequency up to once a day (OR=1.96). The increase in visible biofilm is associated with advancing age, presence of dental calculus and low frequency of hygiene.