RESUMO
The re-emergence of human mpox with the multi-country outbreak and a recent report of borealpox (previously Alaskapox) resulting in one death has heightened awareness of the significance of the Poxviridae family and their zoonotic potential. This review examines various poxviruses affecting humans, with discussion of less commonly encountered Poxviridae members, including pathogenesis, epidemiology, and diagnostic methods. Poxvirus treatment is beyond the intended scope of this review and will not be discussed.
Assuntos
Infecções por Poxviridae , Poxviridae , Humanos , Infecções por Poxviridae/virologia , Infecções por Poxviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Poxviridae/diagnóstico , Poxviridae/genética , Poxviridae/classificação , Animais , Surtos de Doenças , Zoonoses Virais/epidemiologia , Zoonoses Virais/virologia , Zoonoses/virologia , Zoonoses/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Some sera tested for 1-3-beta-D-glucan to identify invasive fungal infections exhibit interference. To assess interference transience, we evaluated results for 426 patients with an interference sample followed by a later sample. Interference was transient for 73% of patients (later sample negative or positive); median time between samples was 8 days.
Assuntos
Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas , beta-Glucanas , Glucanos , Humanos , Imunoensaio , ProteoglicanasRESUMO
There is compelling evidence demonstrating a key role for autophagy in host defense against microbial infections. Induction and regulation of autophagy involves complex pathways including signaling molecules that have widespread roles in cell biological functions. For example, inhibiting mTOR by rapamycin, the most widely used chemical approach to induce autophagy, can also result in immunosupression. Nevertheless, advances in our understanding of autophagy provide a new opportunity to modulate host cellular responses as a potential therapeutic strategy to combat microbial infections in humans.