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1.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(5)2024 Feb 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38473725

RESUMO

Environmental sustainability is an increasing challenge in the pharmaceutical field, leading to the search for eco-friendly active ingredients. Among natural ingredients, propolis arises as an excellent alternative, being a complex substance with pharmacological properties. This work aims to explore the potential of propolis as a new pharmaceutical ingredient for the replacement of conventional vulvovaginal antifungals. Propolis extracts were obtained by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction using different solvents (water, water/ethanol (50:50, v/v), and ethanol). Afterwards, the extracts were characterized regarding total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant/antiradical activities, radical scavenging capacity, antifungal activity against strains of Candida species, and viability effect on two female genital cell lines. The aqueous extract achieved the best TPC result as well as the highest antioxidant/antiradical activities and ability to capture reactive oxygen species. A total of 38 phenolic compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC, among which ferulic acid, phloridzin and myricetin predominated. Regarding the anti-Candida spp. activity, the aqueous and the hydroalcoholic extracts achieved the best outcomes (with MIC values ranging between 128 and 512 µg/mL). The cell viability assays confirmed that the aqueous extract presented mild selectivity, while the hydroalcoholic and alcoholic extracts showed higher toxicities. These results attest that propolis has a deep potential for vulvovaginal candidiasis management, supporting its economic valorization.


Assuntos
Candidíase Vulvovaginal , Própole , Feminino , Humanos , Própole/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Etanol/farmacologia , Fenóis/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Candida , Água/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia
2.
J Sci Food Agric ; 2024 Jul 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39072780

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the demand for high-quality natural extracts to be included in nutraceutical formulations has increased sharply. Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) shells (HZS) are underrated agricultural by-products that could be exploited as a source of active ingredients with pro-healthy properties. In the present study, a fully green microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method was established for the first time aiming to recover bioactive constituents from HZS with significant nutraceutical value. Key MAE parameters, including ethanol in water concentration, microwave power, irradiation time and solvent-to-powder ratio, were optimized through response surface methodology utilizing a Box-Behnken design to achieve the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant/antiradical activities in the final extract. RESULTS: The optimal MAE conditions (28% v/v ethanol/water, 270 s, 670 W, and 37 mL g-1) yielded an extract with significant scavenging capacity against reactive oxygen species and remarkable inhibitory activity towards both α-amylase (IC50 = 7.73 µg mL-1) and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 49.44 µg mL-1), demonstrating stronger hypoglycaemic properties than the anti-diabetic drug acarbose. Additionally, fluorescence spectroscopy results highlighted the ability of the optimized extract from HZS (OHS-E) to counteract advanced glycation end-product formation throughout the glycation cascade in a dose-dependent manner. Liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry profiling unveiled the presence of fatty acids and phenolic compounds, including lignans, flavonoids, gallic acid derivatives and diarylheptanoids. Lastly, the biocompatibility of OHS-E was attested on HT29-MTX and Caco-2 intestinal cells. CONCLUSION: Altogether, these findings encourage the potential application of OHS-E as an effective nutraceutical component against type 2 diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

3.
J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev ; 26(4): 238-255, 2023 05 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36883725

RESUMO

Firefighters are the principal line of defense against fires, being at elevated risk of exposure to health-relevant pollutants released during fires and burning processes. Although many biomonitoring studies exist, only a limited number of human in vitro investigations in fire risk assessment are currently available. In vitro studies stand out as valuable tools to assess the toxicity mechanisms involved following exposure to fire pollutants at a cellular level. The aim of the present review was to contextualize existing in vitro studies using human cell models exposed to chemicals emitted from fire emissions and wood smoke and discuss the implications of the observed toxic outcomes on adverse health effects detected in firefighters. Most of the reported in vitro investigations focused on monocultures respiratory models and exposure to particulate matter (PM) extracts collected from fire effluents. Overall, (1) a decrease in cellular viability, (2) enhanced oxidative stress, (3) increased pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and (4) elevated cell death frequencies were noted. However, limited information remains regarding the toxicity mechanisms initiated by firefighting activities. Hence, more studies employing advanced in vitro models and exposure systems using human cell lines are urgently needed taking into consideration different routes of exposure and health-related pollutants released from fires. Data are needed to establish and define firefighters' occupational exposure limits and to propose mitigation strategies to promote beneficial human health.


Assuntos
Poluentes Ocupacionais do Ar , Poluentes Ambientais , Bombeiros , Exposição Ocupacional , Humanos , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Fumaça/efeitos adversos , Material Particulado/toxicidade , Poluentes Ocupacionais do Ar/toxicidade , Poluentes Ocupacionais do Ar/análise
4.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(5)2023 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36902206

RESUMO

Lycium barbarum L. is a species widely used in dietary supplements and natural healthcare products. The berries, also known as goji or wolfberries, mostly grow in China, but recent reports on their outstanding bioactive properties have increased their popularity and cultivation around the world. Goji berries are a remarkable source of phenolic compounds (such as phenolic acids and flavonoids), carotenoids, organic acids, carbohydrates (fructose and glucose), and vitamins (ascorbic acid). Several biological activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, prebiotic, and anticancer activities, have been associated with its consumption. Hence, goji berries were highlighted as an excellent source of functional ingredients with promising applications in food and nutraceutical fields. This review aims to summarize the phytochemical composition and biological activities, along with various industrial applications, of L. barbarum berries. Simultaneously, the valorization of goji berries by-products, with its associated economic advantages, will be emphasized and explored.


Assuntos
Lycium , Solanaceae , Frutas/química , Antioxidantes/análise , Ácido Ascórbico/análise
5.
Molecules ; 28(5)2023 Feb 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36903351

RESUMO

Honey is a natural product widely consumed all over the world due to its relationship with healthy benefits. Additionally, environmental and ethical issues have a higher weight in the consumer's choice to buy honey as a natural product. Following the high demand of this product, several approaches have been suggested and developed aiming at the assessment of honey's quality and authenticity. Target approaches, such as pollen analysis, phenolic compounds, sugars, volatile compounds, organic acids, proteins, amino acids, minerals, and trace elements, showed an efficacy, particularly concerning the honey origin. However, a special highlight is given to DNA markers, due to their useful applicability in environmental and biodiversity studies, besides the geographical, botanical, and entomological origins. Different DNA target genes were already explored for addressing diverse sources of honey DNA, with DNA metabarcoding attaining a relevant importance. This review aims to describe the latest advances on DNA-based methods applied in honey related studies, identifying the research needs for the development of new and additional required methodologies, and to select the most adequate tools for future research projects.


Assuntos
Mel , Mel/análise , Fenóis/análise , Minerais/análise , Pólen/química , DNA/análise
6.
Molecules ; 28(13)2023 Jun 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37446813

RESUMO

(1) Background: In recent years, numerous studies have highlighted the beneficial effects of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) as an active ingredient against chronic diseases. The properties of EVOO are due to its peculiar composition, mainly to its rich content of polyphenols. In fact, polyphenols may contribute to counteract oxidative stress, which often accompanies chronic diseases. In this work, the antioxidant effects of high-value polyphenol oleocanthal (OC) and its main metabolites, tyrosol (Tyr) and oleocanthalic acid (OA), respectively, have been investigated along with their impact on cell viability. (2) Methods: OC, Tyr, and OA have been evaluated regarding antiradical properties in term of scavenging capacity towards biologically relevant reactive species, including O2●-, HOCl, and ROO●, as well as their antioxidant/antiradical capacity (FRAP, DPPH●, ABTS●+). Moreover, the ability to permeate the intestinal membrane was assessed by an intestinal co-culture model composed by Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cell lines. (3) Results: The capacity of OC and Tyr as radical oxygen species (ROS) scavengers, particularly regarding HOCl and O2●-, was clearly demonstrated. Furthermore, the ability to permeate the intestinal co-culture model was plainly proved by the good permeations (>50%) achieved by all compounds. (4) Conclusions: OC, OA, and Tyr revealed promising properties against oxidative diseases.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Polifenóis , Humanos , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Células CACO-2 , Polifenóis/farmacologia , Azeite de Oliva
7.
Int J Mol Sci ; 23(8)2022 Apr 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35457202

RESUMO

Cancer, a major world public health problem, is associated with chemotherapy treatments whose administration leads to secondary concerns, such as oral mucositis (OM). The OM disorder is characterized by the presence of ulcers in the oral mucosa that cause pain, bleeding, and difficulty in ingesting fluids and solids, or speaking. Bioactive compounds from natural sources have arisen as an effective approach for OM. This review aims to summarize the new potential application of different natural products in the prevention and treatment of OM in comparison to conventional ones, also providing a deep insight into the most recent clinical studies. Natural products, such as Aloe vera, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Camellia sinensis, Calendula officinalis, or honeybee crops, constitute examples of sources of bioactive compounds with pharmacological interest due to their well-reported activities (e.g., antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, or wound healing). These activities are associated with the bioactive compounds present in their matrix (such as flavonoids), which are associated with in vivo biological activities and minimal or absent toxicity. Finally, encapsulation has arisen as a future opportunity to preserve the chemical stability and the drug bioa vailability of bioactive compounds and, most importantly, to improve the buccal retention period and the therapeutic effects.


Assuntos
Aloe , Produtos Biológicos , Neoplasias , Estomatite , Aloe/química , Animais , Produtos Biológicos/farmacologia , Produtos Biológicos/uso terapêutico , Mucosa Bucal , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Estomatite/tratamento farmacológico , Estomatite/etiologia , Estomatite/prevenção & controle
8.
Int J Mol Sci ; 23(22)2022 Nov 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36430606

RESUMO

Actinidia arguta (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. (kiwiberry) leaves are a source of phenolic compounds with pro-health biological effects, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Despite the huge number of studies reporting the composition of A. arguta leaves, no in vitro or in vivo studies explore its potential use as nutraceutical ingredient based on these activities. Therefore, this study aims to characterize the safety profile of kiwiberry leaf extracts using in vitro and in vivo approaches through the assessment of intestinal cell viability (Caco-2 and HT29-MTX), 3D intestinal permeation, and, most important, the redox markers, biochemical profile and liver and kidney function effects after the animal assays. Briefly, wistar rats were orally treated for 7 days with kiwiberry leaf extracts (50 and 75 mg/kg bw), water (negative control), or vitamin C (positive control). The cell viability was above 90% at 1000 µg/mL for both cells. Coumaroyl quinic acid and rutin achieved a permeation higher than 25% in the 3D intestinal model. The animal studies confirmed the extracts' ability to increase superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase content in animals' livers and kidneys while simultaneously decreasing the triglycerides content. This study highlighted the antioxidant capacity of kiwiberry leaf extracts, ensuring their efficacy and safety as a nutraceutical ingredient.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Extratos Vegetais , Ratos , Animais , Humanos , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/química , Células CACO-2 , Extratos Vegetais/química , Suplementos Nutricionais , Permeabilidade
9.
Int J Mol Sci ; 23(23)2022 Nov 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36499282

RESUMO

Oral mucositis (OM), a common side effect of oncological treatment, is an oral mucosal disorder characterized by painful ulcerations and increased risk of infection. The use of natural antioxidants to suppress the redox imbalance responsible for the OM condition has emerged as an interesting approach to prevent/treat OM. This study aims to explore the chestnut (Castana sativa) shells as potential active ingredient against OM. Therefore, chestnut shells were extracted at different temperatures (110-180 °C) by Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE), aiming to recover antioxidants. The extracts were also evaluated against microorganisms present in the oral cavity as well as on human oral cell lines (TR146 and HSC3). The highest phenolic content was obtained with the extraction temperature of 110 °C, exhibiting the best antioxidant/antiradical activities and scavenging efficiencies against HOCl (IC50 = 4.47 µg/mL) and ROO• (0.73 µmol TE/mg DW). High concentrations of phenolic acids (e.g., gallic and protocatechuic acids) and flavanoids (catechin, epicatechin and rutin) characterized the phenolic profile. The antimicrobial activity against several oral microorganisms present in the oral cavity during OM, such as Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, and Escherichia, was demonstrated. Finally, the effects on HSC3 and TR146 cell lines revealed that the extract prepared at 110 °C had the lowest IC50 (1325.03 and 468.15 µg/mL, respectively). This study highlights the potential effects of chestnut shells on OM.


Assuntos
Extratos Vegetais , Estomatite , Humanos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Fenóis/farmacologia , Nozes/química , Estomatite/tratamento farmacológico
10.
Chem Biodivers ; 18(3): e2000925, 2021 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33491874

RESUMO

Hardy kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta) is a highly appreciated exotic fruit endowed with outstanding bioactive compounds. The present work proposes to characterize the pulp from A. arguta organic fruits, emphasizing its radicals scavenging capacity and effects on intestinal cells (Caco-2 and HT29-MTX). The physicochemical properties and phenolic profile were also screened. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC, respectively) of pulp were 12.21 mg GAE/g on dry weight (DW) and 5.92 mg CE/g DW, respectively. A high antioxidant activity was observed (FRAP: 151.41 µmol FSE/g DW; DPPH: 12.17 mg TE/g DW). Furthermore, the pulp did not induce a toxic effect on Caco-2 and HT29-MTX cells viability up to 1000 µg/mL. Regarding in vitro scavenging capacity, the pulp revealed the highest scavenging power against NO. (IC50 =3.45 µg/mL) and HOCl (IC50 =12.77 µg/mL). These results emphasize the richness of A. arguta fruit pulp to be used in different food products.


Assuntos
Actinidia/química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Frutas/química , Ácido Hipocloroso/antagonistas & inibidores , Óxido Nítrico/antagonistas & inibidores , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Células Cultivadas , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Humanos , Ácido Hipocloroso/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Compostos Fitoquímicos/química , Compostos Fitoquímicos/isolamento & purificação
11.
Molecules ; 26(8)2021 Apr 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33923470

RESUMO

During kiwiberry production, different by-products are generated, including leaves that are removed to increase the fruit's solar exposure. The aim of this work was to extract bioactive compounds from kiwiberry leaf by employing microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Compatible food solvents (water and ethanol) were employed. The alcoholic extract contained the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents (629.48 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per gram of plant material on dry weight (dw) (GAE/g dw) and 136.81 mg of catechin equivalents per gram of plant material on dw (CAE/g dw), respectively). Oppositely, the hydroalcoholic extract achieved the highest antioxidant activity and scavenging activity against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (IC50 = 29.10 µg/mL for O2•-, IC50 = 1.87 µg/mL for HOCl and IC50 = 1.18 µg/mL for •NO). The phenolic profile showed the presence of caffeoylquinic acids, proanthocyanidin, and quercetin in all samples. However, caffeoylquinic acids and quercetin were detected in higher amounts in the alcoholic extract, while proanthocyanidins were prevalent in the hydroalcoholic extract. No adverse effects were observed on Caco-2 viability, while the highest concentration (1000 µg/mL) of hydroalcoholic and alcoholic extracts conducted to a decrease of HT29-MTX viability. These results highlight the MAE potentialities to extract bioactive compounds from kiwiberry leaf.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/química , Micro-Ondas , Extratos Vegetais/química , Folhas de Planta/química , Fenóis/química , Proantocianidinas/química , Quercetina/química , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo
12.
Molecules ; 25(7)2020 Apr 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32290053

RESUMO

Wine production generates large amounts of vine-canes, a devalued by-product that could be used for the recovery of bioactive compounds. In this work, two vine-canes varieties, namely Touriga Nacional (TN) and Tinta Roriz (TR), were submitted to different ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions. The highest phenolic and flavonoid content was observed for TR extract obtained at lab-scale without an ice bath and pilot-scale after 60 min of extraction (32.6 ± 2.1 and 26.0 ± 1.5 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight (dw) and 9.5 ± 0.6 and 8.3 ± 0.8 mg epicatechin equivalents/g dw, respectively). Further, all extracts demonstrated a high antioxidant activity to scavenge DPPH free radicals with the best value reached by TR at the lab-scale without an ice bath after 30 min and pilot-scale extraction after 60 min (34.2 ± 2.4 and 33.4 ± 2.1 mg trolox equivalents/g dw, respectively). Extracts phenolic composition were also evaluated by HPLC, demonstrating that resveratrol, myricetin and catechin were the main compounds. According to our knowledge, this is the first time that a pilot scale of UAE of phenolic compounds from vine-canes was performed. This paper represents an important step to the use of UAE as an industrial process to recover bioactive compounds.


Assuntos
Produtos Biológicos/química , Produtos Biológicos/isolamento & purificação , Fracionamento Químico , Ondas Ultrassônicas , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Produtos Biológicos/farmacologia , Fracionamento Químico/métodos , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Flavonoides/química , Flavonoides/isolamento & purificação , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Compostos Fitoquímicos/química , Compostos Fitoquímicos/isolamento & purificação , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Polifenóis/química , Polifenóis/isolamento & purificação , Polifenóis/farmacologia , Vinho
13.
Molecules ; 25(13)2020 Jun 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32605276

RESUMO

The majority of works about vine-canes are focused on the evaluation of their chemical composition and antioxidant potential. To the best of our knowledge, the possible applications of produced extracts in cosmetic formulations have never been explored. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of vine-canes subcritical water extracts for use as active ingredients in the cosmetic industry. For that, the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of six vine-cane varieties, namely Alvarinho and Loureiro from the Minho region and Touriga Nacional and Tinta Roriz (TR) from both the Douro and Dão regions, were evaluated through spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods. All extracts presented similar antioxidant activity and the highest phenolic content was reported for TR variety from the Douro region (33.7 ± 1.9 mg GAE/g dw). The capacity of vine-cane extracts to capture reactive oxygen species superoxide (O2-) was also studied, with the highest IC50 value being obtained for Loureiro variety (56.68 ± 2.60 µg/mL). Furthermore, no adverse effects on HaCaT and HFF-1 dermal cell lines in concentrations below 100 and 1000 µg/mL, respectively, were determined. Finally, Loureiro vine-cane extract was incorporated into a topical formulation, and physical and microbiological properties were within expected values, demonstrating that vine-canes extracts can be successfully incorporated in cosmetic products.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Fenóis/farmacologia , Vitis/química , Administração Tópica , Antioxidantes/química , Linhagem Celular , Cosméticos , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Fenóis/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo
14.
Pharm Dev Technol ; 25(1): 54-67, 2020 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31535923

RESUMO

This study aimed to prepare and characterize organogels containing microparticles of ascorbic acid (AA) obtained from propolis by-product. The formulations F1 (5% of microparticles) and F2 (10% of microparticles) were evaluated regarding rheological and textural properties, antioxidant and radical scavenging activity, in vitro release and cellular studies. The organogels showed plastic flow behavior and rheopexy. The textural parameters were within acceptable values for semisolid formulations. The antioxidant capacity of organogels F1 and F2 by the DPPH assay demonstrated IC50 ranging from 1523.59 to 1166.97 µg/mL, respectively. For the FRAP assay, the values found were 842.88 and 956.14 µmol of FSE/g formulation, respectively. Good scavenging activity against nitrogen species was observed. The concentration of 63 µg/mL did not present toxicity on HaCaT and HFF-1 cells. In vitro release profile of AA from organogels showed a slow pattern of drug release, mainly for F2. Therefore, the proposed organogel containing AA microparticles with propolis by-product matrix represents a promising platform for topical drug delivery with antioxidant effect.


Assuntos
Ácido Ascórbico/química , Géis/química , Própole/química , Antioxidantes/química , Química Farmacêutica/métodos , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Liberação Controlada de Fármacos/efeitos dos fármacos , Viscosidade/efeitos dos fármacos
15.
Molecules ; 24(3)2019 Jan 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30678085

RESUMO

Following our previous work on the antitumor activity of acetylated flavonosides, a new acetylated xanthonoside, 3,6-bis(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-ß-glucopyranosyl)xanthone (2), was synthesized and discovered as a potent inhibitor of tumor cell growth. The synthesis involved the glycosylation of 3,6-di-hydroxyxanthone (1) with acetobromo-α-d-glucose. Glycosylation with silver carbonate decreased the amount of glucose donor needed, comparative to the biphasic glycosylation. Xanthone 2 showed a potent anti-growth activity, with GI50 < 1 µM, in human cell lines of breast, lung, and glioblastoma cancers. Current treatment for invasive brain glioma is still inadequate and new agents against glioblastoma with high brain permeability are urgently needed. To overcome these issues, xanthone 2 was encapsulated in a liposome. To increase the well-known low stability of these drug carriers, a proliposome formulation was developed using the spray drying method. Both formulations were characterized and compared regarding three months stability and in vitro anti-growth activity. While the proliposome formulation showed significantly higher stability, it was at the expense of losing its biocompatibility as a drug carrier in higher concentrations. More importantly, the new xanthone 2 was still able to inhibit the growth of glioblastoma cells after liposome formulation.


Assuntos
Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Glioma/tratamento farmacológico , Lipossomos/farmacologia , Xantonas/farmacologia , Carbonatos/química , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Portadores de Fármacos/síntese química , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Portadores de Fármacos/farmacologia , Glioma/patologia , Glucose/química , Glicosilação/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Lipossomos/síntese química , Lipossomos/química , Compostos de Prata/química , Xantonas/síntese química , Xantonas/química
16.
J Sci Food Agric ; 99(10): 4686-4694, 2019 Aug 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30908633

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The development of functional and nutraceutical foods comes from a greater awareness of the relationship between food and health by consumers. In recent years, the idea of purifying and encapsulating bioactive compounds through techniques such as spray drying has been well received by the food industry. The development and characterization of a grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) nutraceutical powder obtained by spray drying is of great interest owing to the different bioactive compounds and the potential health effects. RESULTS: The grapefruit powder was characterized by a low water amount (1.5 g water per 100 g powder) and a high porosity (75%). The color parameters were L* = 80.0 ± 1.8, hab * = 61.7 ± 0.4 and Cab * = 11.4 ± 0.6. The IC50 values determined for the freeze-dried oxalic acid extract (FDOA) and the freeze-dried methanol-water extract (FDMW) were 0.48 and 0.72 mg mL-1 respectively, while the total phenolic content (TPC) ranged between 1274 and 1294 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per 100 g dry basis (d.b.). Regarding total flavonoid content (TFC), FDOA presented the highest amount (6592 mg quercetin equivalent (QE) per 100 g d.b.). For both extracts, the cell viability in Caco-2 and HT29-MTX was above 90% at 100 µg mL-1 . The bioavailability of the bioactive compounds was analyzed through a 3D intestinal model. Delphenidin-3-glucoside and hesperitin-7-O-glucoside presented a permeation higher than 50%, followed by hesperidin which was close to 30%. CONCLUSION: This work allows to establish that the formulation of grapefruit powder has great potential as a nutraceutical food, with spray drying being a good alternative technique in the food industry. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.


Assuntos
Citrus paradisi/química , Suplementos Nutricionais/análise , Manipulação de Alimentos/métodos , Liofilização/métodos , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/metabolismo , Células CACO-2 , Permeabilidade da Membrana Celular , Manipulação de Alimentos/instrumentação , Liofilização/instrumentação , Células HT29 , Humanos , Permeabilidade , Pós/química , Pós/metabolismo
17.
Rev Gaucha Enferm ; 40: e20180023, 2019 02 18.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30785543

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To understand the importance of group strategy in the process of nursing care to high-risk pregnant women. METHODS: Qualitative and descriptive study conducted at Assis Chateaubriand Teaching Maternity Hospital in February-March 2017, through focus groups with 24 hospitalized pregnant women. Data was submitted to content analysis and the relevant ideas of the discourses were extracted, forming categories. RESULTS: Three thematic categories were constructed: Interactive groups as a space of bond and coexistence, Educational strategy as an approach to good delivery and birthcare practices, Impact of group experience in strengthening the connection between the health team and the pregnant woman. The group of pregnant women is a space of coexistence and bonding that stimulates them to share knowledge and experiences, re-signifying links. The groups promote sharing of experiences, learning and reflection on the possibilities and limitations of the health-disease process, reducing anxiety and contributing to empowerment in decision making. CONCLUSION: The considerations and suggestions of the pregnant women guided the nurses in the development of the groups, which became strategic spaces of care, acquisition of knowledge and establishment of trust relationships with the nurses, with a consequent impact on the quality of care.


Assuntos
Educação em Saúde , Gravidez de Alto Risco , Adulto , Feminino , Grupos Focais , Humanos , Gravidez , Adulto Jovem
18.
Phytother Res ; 32(12): 2323-2339, 2018 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30117204

RESUMO

In the last years, consumers are paying much more attention to natural medicines and principles, mainly due to the general sense that natural compounds are safe. On the other hand, there is a growing demand by industry for plants used in traditional medicine that could be incorporated in foods, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, or even pharmaceuticals. Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. belongs to the Fabaceae family and has been recognized since ancient times for its ethnopharmacological values. This plant contains different phytocompounds, such as glycyrrhizin, 18ß-glycyrrhetinic acid, glabrin A and B, and isoflavones, that have demonstrated various pharmacological activities. Pharmacological experiments have demonstrated that different extracts and pure compounds from this species exhibit a broad range of biological properties, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities. A few toxicological studies have reported some concerns. This review addresses all those issues and focuses on the pharmacological activities reported for G. glabra. Therefore, an updated, critical, and extensive overview on the current knowledge of G. glabra composition and biological activities is provided here in order to explore its therapeutic potential and future challenges to be utilized for the formulation of new products that will contribute to human well-being.


Assuntos
Glycyrrhiza/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Animais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antivirais/isolamento & purificação , Antivirais/farmacologia , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Etnofarmacologia , Glycyrrhiza/fisiologia , Ácido Glicirrízico/isolamento & purificação , Ácido Glicirrízico/farmacologia , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/isolamento & purificação , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacologia , Medicina Tradicional , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação
19.
Molecules ; 22(8)2017 Aug 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28800099

RESUMO

Portuguese honeys (n = 15) from different botanical and geographical origins were analysed regarding their quality parameters (diastase activity, hydroxymethylfurfural content, moisture and pH), colour (L*, a*, b*) and antioxidant profile (total phenolics content, total flavonoids content, DPPH• scavenging activity, and ferric reducing power). The samples were analysed fresh and after 4-years of storage (at 25 °C and protected from light). The hydroxymethylfurfural content and diastase activity of the fresh samples were in accordance with the recommended values described in the legislation. In general, the antioxidant activity of the samples correlated more with the bioactive compounds content than with colour. The storage affected differently each individual sample, especially regarding the antioxidant profile. Nevertheless, although in general the lightness of the samples decreased (and the redness increased), after 4 years, 11 samples still presented acceptable diastase activity and hydroxymethylfurfural values.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/química , Qualidade dos Alimentos , Mel/análise , Amilases/química , Cor , Flavonoides/química , Furaldeído/análogos & derivados , Furaldeído/química , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Oxirredução , Fenóis/química , Portugal , Fatores de Tempo
20.
Drug Dev Ind Pharm ; 42(1): 99-106, 2016 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25996462

RESUMO

CONTEXT: Currently, there is an increasing interest of cosmetic industry on natural extracts. The inclusion of antioxidants in topical formulations can contribute to minimize oxidative stress in the skin, which has been associated with aging. Also, questions of sustainability are leading to the study of new cosmetic ingredients obtained from food by-products. Coffee Silverskin (CS) is a food by-product with established antioxidant activity that has not yet been incorporated into a topical formulation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and microbiological stabilities and antioxidant activity of a hand cream formulation containing 2.5% (w/w) of CS extract upon production and after 6 months of shelf-life and in vitro safety/cytotoxicity on skin cell lines after production. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated with MTS and LDH assays, at different concentrations, in HaCaT and HFF-1 cells. Formulations were stored at 25 °C/65% RH and 40 °C/75% RH. Physical, microbiological, and antioxidant stabilities were evaluated by centrifugation, viscosity, total colony count, DPPH and total phenolic content (TPC). RESULTS: The hand cream containing 2.5% (w/w) of CS extract showed stable physical characteristics independently of the storage conditions. The DPPH activity and TPC of the CS formulation were significantly higher compared with those of the base formulation. However, during storage, the antioxidant activity decreases slightly. Microbiological quality was also confirmed. No cytotoxic effects were observed. CONCLUSION: It is possible to suggest that this formulation is stable under extreme conditions and safe for topical use.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/química , Coffea/química , Cosméticos/química , Queratinócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/química , Administração Cutânea , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Linhagem Celular , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Estabilidade de Medicamentos , Humanos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Sementes/química , Creme para a Pele/química
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