Metabolic alterations in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma development of lacrimal glands.

PURPOSE: To evaluate metabolic alterations along with the carcinoma ex pleomorphic adneoma (CXPA) development of lacrimal glands (LG). METHODS: Four samples of the normal LG (NLG), 9 of pleomorphic adenoma (PA), 4 of residual PA (rPA), and 4 of CXPA of LG were included. GLUT-1, HIF-1α, FASN, and adipophilin by immunohistochemical stains were performed in the selected cases. RESULTS: Was observed higher expression of markers associated with glycolytic and lipid metabolism in the tumor tissue samples when compared to the NLG samples. Additionally, GLUT-1, FASN, and Adipophilin were more expressed in CXPA samples while HIF-1α in PA samples. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our results demonstrate overexpression of FASN and Adipophilin in CXPA which may reflect a metabolic shift toward lipogenesis in cancer cells.

M1 macrophages involved in the pathogenesis of placental chronic villitis of unknown etiology.

INTRODUCTION: Placental villitis is characterized by the presence of inflammatory infiltrate in the placental villous. The objective of this study was to characterize in villitis of unknown etiology (VUE) of the human placentas the subpopulation of M1, important effector cells, and M2 macrophages, immunoregulatory cells. METHODS: Sixteen cases of VUE and three control placentas were examined using immunohistochemistry with antibodies for CD3, CD68, CD11c, and CD163. RESULTS: CD11c appeared predominantly in the inflamed villi when compared to the normal areas (p<.001). These cells corresponded to 41.2% of the macrophage population in the inflamed area and were mainly present inside the villi (36%). With regards to CD163, these cells tended to be in higher amounts in the inflamed villi when compared to CD11c and normal areas. DISCUSSION: We conclude that the almost exclusive presence of M1 macrophages in the inflamed areas suggests the influence of these cells in the pathogenesis VUE. The greater amount of M2 in villitis and normal areas suggests a possible immunoregulatory mechanism of the inflammatory process in VUE.