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INTRODUCTION: Medical education has been changing, and the evaluation strategies that make it possible to address not only theoretical knowledge but also clinical skills. In Mental Health, these skills play a central role. The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is one of the evaluations that could assess clinical skills. This article describes the implementation and performance for the evaluation of undergraduate students since the OSCE's introduction in 2015. METHODS: An explanation of the implementation is made, and a description of the OSCEs carried out to undergraduate medical students in the second semester of mental health, using the databases of the final practical examinations during those years. The perception of mental health teachers is also described. RESULTS: The mental health OSCE implemented in 2015-2, is developed in the Simulated Hospital of the University and has five stations (interview, mental examination, diagnosis, treatment and information to the family and ethics). Between 2016-2 and 2019-2, 486 students performed OSCE with an average score of 3.85 (scale 0-5). It was observed that the grade obtained when evaluating anxiety disorders was below average, that of affective disorders above average, while that of psychotic disorders was within the average. The professors highlight the versatility, the comprehensive objective evaluation of the practical and theoretical aspects, and the possibility of comparison between the different groups. CONCLUSIONS: The OSCE is an examination that provides the possibility to evaluate the competences in psychiatry of medical students and allows the identification of the aspects to be improved in the teaching learning process.
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RESUMEN: Introducción: El abordaje de la salud mental requiere acciones interprofesionales, sin embargo, su enseñanza es tradicionalmente uniprofesional y en escenarios especializados, reforzando la creencia que la salud mental es cuestión de especialistas. Es por esto que se diseña la primera rotación interprofesional en salud mental de la que se tenga conocimiento en Colombia, en la cual rotan estudiantes de medicina y psicología. El objetivo del presente artículo es describir este proceso y la rotación. Material y método: Se describe cuáles fueron los pasos para el diseño y la implementación de la rotación interprofesional en salud mental. Resultados: Se describe la rotación, la cual cuenta con elementos clínicos y simulados y diversas metodologías de aprendizaje y evaluación. Conclusiones: La rotación interprofesional es una estrategia útil en el proceso de aprendizaje de competencias en salud mental y habilidades para el trabajo interprofesional.
ABSTRACT Background: Mental health approaches require interprofessional actions. However, education on mental health is traditionally uniprofessional and is performed in specialized scenarios which reinforces the belief that mental health is only a concern for specialists. This is the reason why the first interprofessional mental health rotation in Colombia was designed and launched. The aim of this paper is to describe that process and the rotation itself. Material and method: This work describes the steps for the design and implementation of an interprofessional rotation on mental health. which involve medicine and psychology students. Results: The structure of the rotation is detailed. It contains both a clinical component and a simulated one, and diverse methodologies for learning and assessment. Conclusions: This interprofessional rotation is a useful strategy in the learning process of specific competences in mental health, and it facilitates acquisition of skills for teamwork.
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Humanos , Psicologia/educação , Medicina Clínica/educação , Saúde Mental , Estudos de Viabilidade , Educação Médica , Educação InterprofissionalRESUMO
Resumen Introducción. A pesar de la utilidad de la terapia electroconvulsiva (TEC), existe prevención hacia su uso en varios grupos poblacionales. Objetivos. Explorar y describir, desde el punto de vista de psiquiatras, médicos no psiquiatras y comunidad en general, los conocimientos, prácticas y actitudes respecto a la TEC. Materiales y métodos. Este fue un estudio de grupos focales en el que se hizo un análisis temático de las entrevistas. Resultados. Se evidenció que en la población general hay opiniones diversas, la mayoría negativas, y poco conocimiento, el cual proviene de la industria cinematográfica. Aceptar un tratamiento de TEC es siempre la última opción, pero con mayor información al respecto podría ser más considerado. Aunque los médicos muestran interés por conocer estudios sobre TEC, refieren que no han recibido formación y entrenamiento al respecto, además desconocen los avances en el tema. En el grupo de psiquiatras, los conocimientos, prácticas y actitudes dependieron de la experiencia y contacto con la TEC, pues aunque conocen su existencia, la mayoría no la usa ni la recomienda. Conclusión. Las prácticas y actitudes respecto a TEC en las poblaciones estudiadas varían según las experiencias y conocimientos que se tengan de este procedimiento.
Abstract Introduction: Despite the usefulness of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), its use is avoided by several population groups. Objectives: To explore and describe, from the point of view of psychiatrists, non-psychiatrists and the community in general, knowledge, practices and attitudes regarding ECT. Materials and methods: Focus group study in which a thematic analysis of the interviews was made. Results: The general population seems to have different opinions, mostly negative, and little knowledge on this regard mainly influenced by the film industry. ECT treatment is always the last option, but it could be more considered if more information is provided. Although physicians show interest in learning about ECT, they report that they have not received training in this topic and are unaware of the progress on the subject. Knowledge, practices and attitudes of psychiatrists depend on the level of experience and contact with ECT, because, even though they know about its existence, most do not use it or recommend it. Conclusion: Practices and attitudes regarding ECT in the studied populations vary according to the experiences and knowledge of this procedure.
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Introducción: En la actualidad, la manía y la depresión son los componentes fundamentales del trastorno afectivo bipolar, aun cuando se consideran polos de un mismo proceso, pese a presentarse hasta en el 40% de los casos en forma simultánea (fenómeno reconocido y denominado espectro bipolar). Objetivo: Realizar un análisis factorial confirmatorio del síndrome maniaco, con el fin de determinar sus dominios, establecer el peso de los diferentes síntomas y afinar sus criterios diagnósticos. Método: Estudio observacional, analítico y prospectivo, en tres fases: confirmación del diagnóstico, aplicación de la Escala de Manía de la Universidad Nacional (EMUN) y análisis estadístico. Posteriormente se evalúo la matriz, para mediante un método de máxima verosimilitud, llevar a cabo el análisis factorial confirmatorio. Resultados: En una muestra de 202 pacientes se establecieron cuatro factores, donde el factor de mayor peso del síndrome maniaco fue la activación motora, y el de menor peso, los síntomas afectivos. Estos hallazgos fueron similares al estudio preliminar. Conclusión: Los resultados son contradictorios con lo hasta ahora definido por los sistemas de clasificación vigentes, donde se consideran como ejes centrales del diagnóstico del síndrome maniaco los síntomas afectivos, que en este trabajo resultan teniendo el menor peso dentro de los factores constitutivos de síndrome...
Introduction: Mania and depression are today the main components of bipolar disorders. They are considered opposite sides of the same illness in spite of the fact that they are present simultaneously in almost 40% of the cases. This has been called the bipolar spectrum. Objective: A confirmatory factorial analysis of the manic syndrome is carried out in order to establish its principal factors, the weight of its symptoms, and adequate diagnostic criteria. Method: Observational, analytic and prospective study that was accomplished in three steps: Diagnostic confirmation, application of the Universidad Nacional Mania Scale (EMUN), and statistical analysis. Next, the matrix was evaluated and the confirmatory factorial analysis with a maximum precision method was performed. Results: In 202 patients we established four factors. The most important factor was motor activation and the least important factor was affective symptoms. These results were similar in our former study. Conclusion: Our results do not agree with standard classification systems as they did not establish affective symptoms as the main factor of the manic syndrome. In our study affective symptoms were the least important factor of the syndrome...