RESUMO
The association between maternal occupational exposure during pregnancy and the subsequent development of asthma in their children has always been a matter of debate, and the results of cohort studies on this issue have been controversial. The current study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at evaluating the risk of developing subsequent asthma in children based on maternal occupational exposure during the gestation period. To retrieve eligible studies, an advanced literature search was performed up to August 10, 2023 from the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholars. The title and abstract of related articles were screened; hence, the full texts were reviewed. Data extraction was conducted; hence, the included articles were analyzed to assess the mention association. From a total of 10 cohort studies with a total record of 5372, it was found that there is no significant relationship between occupational exposure to asthmogenic during pregnancy and later asthma in children. The pooled odds ratio of asthmatic children in patients with maternal occupational exposure to asthmogenic during pregnancy was 1.03 (95% confidence interval, 0.97-1.09) I2= 13% p=0.62. It was concluded that there is no significant association between maternal occupational exposure and future asthma in children. However, future large-scale studies are required to support these results.
RESUMO
As immune regulators, cytokines serve critical role as signaling molecules in response to danger, tissue damage, or injury. Importantly, due to their vital role in immunological surveillance, cytokine therapy has become a promising therapeutics for cancer therapy. Cytokines have, however, been used only in certain clinical settings. Two key characteristics of cytokines contribute to this clinical translational challenge: first, they are highly pleiotropic, and second, in healthy physiology, they are typically secreted and act very locally in tissues. Systemic administration of the cytokines can consequently result in serious side effects. Thus, scientists have sought various strategies to circumvent theses hurdles. Recent in vivo reports signify that cytokine delivery platforms can increase their safety and therapeutic efficacy in tumor xenografts. Meanwhile, cytokine delivery using multipotent stem cells, in particular mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), and also a diversity of particles and biomaterials has demonstrated greater capability in this regards. Herein, we take a glimpse into the recent advances in cytokine sustained delivery using stem cells and also biomaterials to ease safe and effective treatments of a myriad of human tumors.