Use of Bauru Yardstick in Patients With Complete Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate at an Indian Center.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate dental arch relationship in treated bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) cases at an Indian cleft center using the Bauru yardstick. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Digital photographs of the dental cast of 50 consecutively treated patients (28 males and 22 females) with nonsyndromic BCLP at an Indian cleft center were rated by 2 examiners as per the Bauru yardstick for the 12-year-old age group. The average age group was 12 ± 0.62 years. All cases were treated with same surgical protocol. RESULTS: The inter-examiner agreement between the 3 examiners was found to be very high, with weighted kappa values ranging from 0.894 to 0.951. The intraexaminer agreement between the 2 examinations for all the examiners was also found to be very high, with weighted kappa values ranging from 0.894 to 0.931. Seventy-eight percent of patients were rated with a Bauru yardstick score of 1+2. In addition, 10% of patients were rated with a score of 3, 8% as 4, and 4% as 5. The overall Bauru yardstick score for the center was 2.36. CONCLUSION: The protocol followed for the repair of BCLP cases by the center was found to be a good regimen in regard to the Bauru yardstick score.

Bilateral Alveolar Distraction for Large Alveolar Defects: Case Report.

Distraction osteogenesis has become a very popular technique, as the ability to reconstruct combined deficiencies in bone and soft tissue makes this process unique and invaluable to all types of reconstructive surgeons. We document a case in which an intraoral tooth-borne distractor was designed and segmental alveolar distraction was performed in a large alveolar defect in a patient with bilateral cleft lip and palate. Cosmetic dentistry was performed to attain a pleasing result. This article aims at highlighting the use of distraction in large defects in which bone grafting only is not a suitable procedure.

Synthesis of thio-heterocyclic analogues from Baylis-Hillman bromides as potent cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.

A series of thio-substituted pyrimidine, benzoxazole, benzothiazole and triazole analogues were synthesized from Baylis-Hillman bromides in a clean and efficient way. The synthesized twenty new compounds were subjected to in vitro COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activity. Majority of compounds found to be highly selective COX-2 inhibitor. Seven compounds (16e, 16f, 16k, 16l, 16m, 16r and 16s) displayed anti-inflammatory activity at micromolar concentrations with IC50 values for COX-2 inhibition ranging from 2.93 to 5.34 µM compared to reference drug whose IC50 is 2.66 µM. All these seven compounds had very little COX-1 inhibition property and thus are suitable candidates for anti-inflammatory drugs with less gastrointestinal side effect.

Bilateral Alveolar Distraction for Large Alveolar Defects: Case Report.

Distraction osteogenesis has become a very popular technique, as the ability to reconstruct combined deficiencies in bone and soft tissue makes this process unique and invaluable to all types of reconstructive surgeons. We document a case in which an intraoral tooth-borne distractor was designed and segmental alveolar distraction was performed in a large alveolar defect in a patient with bilateral cleft lip and palate. Cosmetic dentistry was performed to attain a pleasing result. This article aims at highlighting the use of distraction in large defects in which bone grafting only is not a suitable procedure.

Synthesis of new praziquantel analogues: potential candidates for the treatment of schistosomiasis.

An efficient synthesis of antischistosomal drug praziquantel and analogues was achieved and the synthetic route designed was to afford structurally diverse analogues for better structure-activity relationship understanding. Total of nineteen PZQ analogues with structural variations at amide, piperazine and aromatic moieties have been synthesized and fully characterized. Among all the new analogues tested for antischistosomal activity, one dimethoxy tetrahydroisoquinoline analogue and two tetrahydro-ß-carboline analogues exhibited moderate activity against adult Schistosoma mansoni. Tetrahydro-ß-carboline analogues showed moderate activity whereas the presence of p-trifluoromethylbenzoyl and p-toluenesulphonyl moieties resulted in complete suppression of antischistosomal activity.

A review of the tensor veli palatine function and its relevance to palatoplasty.

Abstract The main purpose of palatoplasty is to establish normal speech and deglutition. To enhance the chance of successful palatal repair, as well as optimal velopharyngeal competence, the anatomy of the palate has to be thoroughly understood. While carrying out the repair, some surgeons prefer to cut the tensor veli palatini (TVP) tendon, others perform a tenopexy or fracture the hamulus around which the tendon passes, to facilitate mobilisation of palatal tissue. However, the exact anatomy and function of the TVP is still controversial and severing the tendon or its path could be of potential harm. A review of the literature was conducted to summarise the current knowledge of the TVP and its relevance to palatoplasty. It was found that there is sufficient evidence that the TVP plays an important part in velar tautening and Eustachian tube opening, under normal circumstances. TVP's role in the cleft patient population is, however, less certain. Whether or not TVP tenotomy or dislocation reduces ET function further in these patients is also unclear. There is, however, little or no evidence of reduced middle ear effusions if such actions are avoided, at least not in children younger than 3 years of age.

Binder's syndrome: Report of two cases.

Binder's syndrome is an uncommon entity characterized by midfacial hypoplasia along with Class III incisal relationship. The individuals with this syndrome are easily recognizable and the syndrome is mostly associated with other malocclusions. The current article presents two cases of this rare syndrome and describes its general features.

Oronasal fistula in cleft palate surgery.

Oronasal fistula (ONF) is the commonest complication associated with cleft palate surgery. The main symptoms associated with ONF are nasal regurgitation of food matter and hypernasality of voice. Repair of cleft palate under tension is considered to be the main reason of ONF though vascular accidents and infection can also be the cause. Most of the ONFs are situated in the hard palate or at the junction of hard and soft palate. Repair of ONF depends on its site, size and mode of presentation. A whole spectrum of surgical procedures starting from small local flaps to microvascular tissue transfers have been employed for closure of ONF. Recurrence rate of ONF is 25% on an average after the first attempt of repair.

Photochemical dehydrogenation of 3,4-dihydro-2-pyridones.

Photochemical dehydrogenation of various substituted 3,4-dihydro-2-pyridones was achieved in a very efficient way by employing 10-15 mol% of photo-induced electron transfer sensitizers like 9-cyanoanthracene, 9-cyanophenanthrene and 1-cyanonaphthalene in presence of molecular oxygen, for the first time.

Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: rare presentations.

Nasopharyngeal angiofibromas are benign tumors of the nasopharynx that occur in adolescent boys. The extensive extensions and various clinical presentations of the tumor have been well documented in the literature. Very rarely, these tumors may extend outside the nasal cavity as a large polypoid mass. Two interesting cases of angiofibroma with atypical presentations, showing extensive spread in multiple directions, are reported here. In one case, the angiofibroma exited the right nostril as a large polypoidal mass and also presented as an intraoral tumor in the right upper gingivo-alveolar region. In the other case, in addition to polypoidal presentation through the anterior nares, the tumor produced severe respiratory obstruction resulting from extensive bulging of the soft palate.