The amino acid and carbohydrate composition of the herb and roots of Smallanthus sonchifolius.

The free and protein-bound amino acid composition of the herb and roots of Smallanthus sonchifolius was analyzed by HPLC method. Fourteen free and fifteen protein-bound amino acids were determined in yacon herb, and three free and fourteen protein-bound amino acids in the roots. Among the free amino acids, proline (0.44 µg/mg) and aspartic acid (0.12 µg/mg) were dominant in the herb and proline (0.28 µg/mg) in the roots. Among the protein-bound amino acids, aspartic acid (18.58 µg/mg), glutamic acid (16.33 µg/mg) and proline (14.52 µg/mg) prevailed in the herb, and proline (3.14 μg/mg) in the roots. Fructose, sucrose and arabinose were identified in free form in the herb of S. sonchifolius applying gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The polysaccharide complex was obtained from yacon herb, its yield was 5.13 ± 0.09%. Fructose (3.11 µg/mg) was the only monosaccharide identified in the hydrolysate of the obtained complex.

Carboxylic acids from brown algae Fucus vesiculosus and Padina pavonica.

Using the gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method, the content of 28 carboxylic acids was determined in the thalli of Fucus vesiculosus, palmitic, oxalic and malic acids predominating. In the thalli of Padina pavonica, the content of 27 carboxylic acids was determined. Palmitic, oxalic and oleic acids prevail.Key words: brown algae Fucus vesiculosus Padina pavonica, carboxylic acids gas chromatography mass spectrometry.

Research in the chemical composition of the bark of Sorbus aucuparia.

The quantitative contents of 40 carboxylic acids, with the prevalence of hexadecanedioic, lignocerinic, behenic, azelaic, palmitic and benzoic acids, and 39 components of essential oil were determined in the extracts of the bark of Sorbus aucuparia by the GC-MS method. The quantitative contents of 6 phenolic compounds, i.e., chlorogenic, caffeic, and gallic acids, catechin, quercetin, and apigenin-7-glucoside were determined by the HPLC method in the ethanolic extract of the bark of Sorbus aucuparia. Key words: Sorbus aucuparia bark carboxylic acids phenolic compounds essential oil, GC-MS, HPLC.

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry study of the root and herb of Smallanthus sonchifolius.

Smallanthus sonchifolius (yacon) is a new prospective plant cultivated in Europe as a natural sugarcane substitute. It is used for diabetes and for the prevention of obesity. The study of carboxylic acids in the roots and herb of S. sonchifolius was carried out for the first time by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). As a result of the study, 12 components were found in the roots of S. sonchifolius, 9 of which were carboxylic acids. The S. sonchifolius herb contained 41 components, 18 of which were carboxylic acids. The dominant compounds in the roots were: undecanoic acid, methyl ester - 546.04 mg/kg; 1-benzazirene-1-carboxylic acid, 2,2,5a-trimethyl-1a-[3-oxo-1-butenyl] perhydro-, methyl ester - 360.63 mg/kg; 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester - 119.21 mg/kg. In the herb of the yacon dominant is cyclohexanol, 1-ethynyl - 28.67 mg/kg. Key words: Smallanthus sonchifolius (yacon) carbo- xylic acids GC-MS.