Reasons for attempting suicide among men who use alcohol and other drugs. / Motivos da tentativa de suicídio expressos por homens usuários de álcool e outras drogas.

Objective To understand the reasons that lead men who use alcohol and other drugs to attempt suicide. Methods Qualitative research at an alcohol and psychosocial drugs support centre (CAPSad) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in December of 2011, with 11 men who use alcohol and other drugs and who attempted suicide. Data were collected by means of phenomenological interviewing. The phenomenological sociology of Alfred Schütz was used to analyse and interpret the interview statements. Results The results led to three categories: attempted suicide triggered by alcohol and drug use; attempted suicide triggered by the family lifeworld; and attempted suicide triggered by everyday feelings. Conclusion We found that alcohol and drug abuse and the different life circumstances of men in their families and social relationships contributed to the suicide attempt.

Perceptions of adolescents' family members about therapeutic workshops in a child psychosocial care center. / Percepções de familiares de adolescentes sobre oficinas terapêuticas em um centro de atenção psicossocial infantil.

OBJECTIVE: To learn the perceptions of adolescents' family members about therapeutic workshops in a Child Psychosocial Care Center (CAPSi). METHODS: A qualitative, descriptive study conducted in 2013 in Santa Catarina, comprising 18 family members of adolescents being cared for in a CAPSi. Information was gathered through interviews construed based on content analysis. RESULTS: Two themes were identified: (un)awareness about therapeutic workshops and recognition of therapy workshops. Nine family members were not familiar to the activities carried out in therapeutic workshops, whereas the other nine ones said these involve games, cooking, behavior, reading, music, beauty, craft and painting. Therapeutic aspects were highlighted, such as improved self-esteem of adolescents, behavior and coexistence. However, some families perceived no changes. The development of income-generating projects was suggested. CONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic workshops nurture social living spaces, health education and social, psychological and pedagogical support. However, family members are hardly included.

[Mental health care technologies for treating crack users]. / Tecnologias de cuidado em saúde mental para o atendimento ao usuário de crack.

The aim of this study was to identify mental health care technologies for treating crack users in a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and other Drugs (CAPsad, as per its acronym in Portuguese). A qualitative, evaluative case study was developed in a CAPSad, using fourth generation evaluation. Data collection occurred from January to March 2013 by means of semi-structured interviews applied to 36 subjects, these being health care professionals, patients, patients' relatives and managers. Data analysis identified the category strategies in mental health work. Results showed that recovery programs should provide spaces for dialogue, aiming to clarify the process of psychiatric internment to the user and family, and involve these in the therapy, implementing educational practices and ongoing consideration of mental health activities. In conclusion, it is important to discuss the technologies used in everyday care services, in light of the complexity of crack use.

Determinants of quality of life in elderly patients of a psychosocial care center in Brazil.

The purpose of the present study was to identify the sociodemographic, clinical, and functional determinants of quality of life in elderly (older than 60 years) patients from a Psychosocial Care Center. The sample was randomly selected patients undergoing treatment at the center during the study period. Quality of life was assessed using the brief version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-BREF) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment for older adults (WHOQOL-OLD). A total of 50 elderly individuals with a mean age of 67.5 (SD = 5.72) years were included in the study. A hierarchical linear regression showed that clinical characteristics, such as severe symptoms of depression and a higher number of comorbidities, were related to lower quality of life. Better functional capacity and more frequent visits to the center were determinants of higher quality of life. These findings underscore the importance of assessing quality of life and of taking this variable into account when planning health interventions for elderly patients at a Psychosocial Care Center.

[The network of mental health care from the family health strategy service]. / A rede de atenção à saúde mental a partir da Estratégia Saúde da Família.

The Family Health Strategy Service (FHSS) is an important ally in the mental health system, contributing to the completeness and effectiveness of care. This study aimed to discuss the mental health care network as compared to the daily routine of an FHSS. It is an evaluative study with a qualitative methodological approach. It was developed in an FHSS in Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. Data was collected between July and December of 2010 through interviews with 16 workers and ten relatives. We identified important resources in primary health care, such as partnerships with academia. However, the constitution of this care is still based on specialty, following the logic of patient referral. Our intention for this study was to contribute to the operationalization of the mental health care network, consolidating the partnership with the FHSS and developing activities in the territorial space, raising awareness, demystifying health care service in the area, and countering the perception that it is uniquely specialized.

[The experience lived by clients' family members of a child psychosocial care center]. / O tipo vivido de familiares de usuários de um centro de atenção psicossocial infantil.

The objective of this study was to understand the lived experiences of family members of children attending a Child Psychosocial Care Center. This study is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach, developed at a Child Psychosocial Care Center (CAPSi as per its acronym in Portuguese) located in the municipality of Cascavel, State of Paraná. Participants were eleven family members of clients attending the above mentioned service and who, more actively, took part in the clients' care. Semi-structured interviews were performed and the gathered data were then analyzed by means of social phenomenology methodology The experience lived by the family members of children attending the Child Psychosocial Care Center included experiences in dealing with clients' behavior; seeking referrals to other services; waiting for treatment; hoping to see an improvement in the clinical profile of the patient and experiencing the service support provided to the family. Thus, this present study may contribute to a reflection on mental health nursing practice in caring for clients and their families.

Narrative interview and reconstruction of biographic case: methodological alternative in nursing research.

OBJECTIVE: To present the biographical narrative interviews and biographical case reconstruction as methodological alternatives in nursing research. METHODS: Theoretical-reflective study that presents the aspects of the biographical narrative method and of reconstruction of biographical cases according to the German interpretive social research framework developed by the sociologist Gabriele Rosenthal. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The reflection was organized into three topics: conceptual interpretative aspects of biographical research; biographical narrative interview in the production of data; reconstruction of biographical case. This framework proved to be adequate to access and understand the perspective of the social agents in the face of practices and phenomena in the field of Nursing. CONCLUSION: Approach of biographical narratives is an important tool for research in Nursing, since it makes it possible to understand the lives of individuals based on their own actions and interpretations.

Experiences lived by family members of people who committed suicide: approach to biographic narratives.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the experiences of family members of people who committed suicide and describe the typologies of the biographical cases through the approach of biographical interviews and analysis. METHOD: Qualitative research, with a reconstructive approach to Rosenthal's biographical cases, based on Schutz's phenomenological sociology. Biographical narrative interviews were conducted between November/2017 and February/2018, in a city in southern Brazil, with eleven family members of people who survived suicide. The analysis followed the phases of Rosenthal's biographical case reconstruction. RESULTS: The reconstruction of two biographical cases were presented. The results point to two distinct typologies: maternal role in the face of suicide and social stigmatization; use of the cultural meaning of family as a resource for coping with suicide. CONCLUSION: It is important to listen to these family members, as the understanding of their experiences can support health professionals in the implementation of care actions.

[Characterization of the assistance practices in mental health care networking: an integrative review]. / Caracterização das práticas de assistência na rede de atenção em saúde mental: revisão integrativa.

This study is an integrative literature review that aims to identify and analyze the characteristics of assistance practices in mental health Primary Health Care in Brazil. The sample consisted in nine articles, from databases consulted in the period between 2001 and 2009. In data analyses, results were grouped in two themes: activities and principles of psychiatric reform. Results show that even when the substitute services adopt some activities/principles from psychiatric reform, yet there is a valorization of physician-focused activities, which lead to a persistence of the old paradigms and practices. The multidisciplinary team of mental health, needs to restructure its assistance and its knowledge, so that practices focused on the principles of psychiatric reform can be permanent.

[Psychic crisis care in the emergency room nursing staff's view]. / Atendimento à crise psíquica no pronto-socorro: visão de profissionais de enfermagem.

This study was aimed at finding out the nursing staff's view about psychic crisis care in an emergency room unit. This is a qualitative study that used the application of semi-structured interviews as data collecting technique. Five nursing professionals that worked in the emergency room during the morning and afternoon shifts participated in the research. Data analysis was conducted based on the discussion of the following categories: concept of crisis for the emergency room team and the different suffering expressions and therapeutic resources to face and minimize the crisis' burdens. Professionals usually justify their difficulties on treating a psychic crisis due to lack of time, space and proper training.

[The Psychosocial Care Center in the everyday lives of its users]. / O Centro de Atenção Psicossocial no cotidiano dos seus usuários.

The objective of this study was to understand the everyday lives of users of a Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS, Centro de Atenção Psicossocial). This is a qualitative study, with Alfred Schutz's phenomenological sociology as the theoretical framework. The studied field was a CAPS located in Porto Alegre, and the interviewed subjects were 13 users. Data collection was performed between April and June 2008, through interviews performed using a guiding question. The comprehensive analysis of the subjects' testimonials resulted in five concrete categories, and this article reports on the category named: Users consider the CAPS to be a dimension of their everyday life. Through this research it was possible to understand the conceptions that users have about their everyday life, showing that they are re(acquiring) social living in the various social environments. In conclusion, besides providing care, the CAPS are promoting the psychosocial rehabilitation of their users.

[Family and psychiatric hospitalization in a general hospital]. / A família e a internação psiquiátrica em hospital geral.

This study aims to identify the reasons that lead relatives to hospitalize patients in a psychiatric unit of a general hospital. It is a qualitative study based on Alfred Schutz' phenomenological sociology. Fourteen relatives, each with one family member hospitalized, were interviewed from August to October 2009. The guiding question of the phenomenological interview was "What do you expect from psychiatric hospitalization in a general hospital?". Phenomenological sociology was used to understand and interpret the interviews. Statements showed three concrete categories, that lead to the reasons for: treatment guidelines and continuity; prospects for improvement; ideas about normality. This research shows the experiences of relatives, contributing with mental health professionals' reflection about their actions and about the involvement of families in a general hospital's psychiatric unit.

The significance of the nursing actions in psychiatric hospitalization of female adolescent users of psychoactive substances.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the significance of the actions developed by the nursing team in a Psychiatric Inpatient Unit for adolescent female users of psychoactive substances in the light of Alfred Schutz's phenomenological sociology framework. METHOD: Qualitative study with Alfred Schutz's Phenomenological Sociology approach. Four nurses and 17 nursing assistants and technicians from a General Hospital in the city of Porto Alegre participated in the study. RESULTS: Three concrete categories emerged: nursing actions as being-with-the-other; collective nursing actions as a potential for shared act and nursing actions as expectations and challenges. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The actions developed by the nursing team are established through intersubjective relationships, based on bonding and dialogue, but there is still a need for nursing to enhance its actions by expanding the offer of collective therapeutic activities aligned with the psychosocial care model.

[Action in mental health to families in different contexts of work: integrative review]. / Ações em saúde mental às famílias nos diferentes contextos de trabalho: revisão integrativa.

This is an integrative review aimed to identify and analyze studies in nursing journals that focus on mental health actions directed to families in different work contexts. To collect data, we used the descriptors mental health, family and nursing in the databases of the Latin American and Caribbean in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Inclusion criteria were: original articles published in Portuguese, Spanish and English in journals in the field of nursing between the years 2003 to 2008. This work showed a predominance of studies focusing on issues of health staff and/or professional, indicating a need to produce research for users and families. It is believed that these findings may be of great value to the teams in the scenarios of psychosocial care and point the way toward further research.

Singular therapeutic project in mental health: an integrative review.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the Singular Therapeutic Projects' characteristics in mental health care used to assist the subject with psychological distress. METHODS: it is an Integrative Literature Review study conducted in July 2017. The following databases used to collect the data were LILACS, MEDLINE and BDENF. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 12 articles were selected. RESULTS: there was divergence between what was recommended by the Ministry of Health for PTS elaboration with that described in the studies analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the low participation and co-responsibility between team/user in PTS elaboration, excessive referrals to specialized mental health services, fragmentation of knowledge within the multidisciplinary team, and difficulty sharing and discussing information about cases. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: it is pointed out the need to adapt PTS elaboration, and its respective steps, to the needs of each individual.

Matrix support in mental health in primary care: the vision of supporters and nurses.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the view of supporters and nurses on matrix support mental health actions in Primary Health Care. METHOD: A qualitative and phenomenological study, with Alfred Schutz's framework of phenomenological sociology. The study was conducted with five supporters and 22 nurses from Basic Health Care Units in the city of Porto Alegre. The participants' intentions and expectations, captured through a phenomenological interview, made up the corpus of analysis. RESULTS: The supporters have the intention, given the actions of the matrix support, to improve mental health care for the user. On the other hand, the nurses expect support to the health units, which reveals nonconformities in the mental health practices instituted in the basic network. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Knowing the motivations of supporters and nurses can be a powerful strategy for consolidating public policies with a view to the psychosocial way in the territory.

Assessment of components of crack users' attention network.

OBJECTIVE: Assess components of the Psychosocial Attention Network (RAPS) in crack user care in a Rio Grande do Sul municipality. METHOD: Qualitative study based on Fourth Generation Evaluation. Data collection occurred in 2014, through participating observation and interviews based on the Hermeneutic-Dialectic Circle. Ten uses, eleven family members, seven managers and eight workers at a Psychosocial Attention Center participated. The Constant Comparative Method was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Difficulties were observed in the network articulation with the general hospital, due to prejudice and the lack of structure of the team. SAMU's (Mobile Emergency Care Service) dependence on the Military Brigade for the service indicates a frailty of the network. The need to re-think the way therapeutic farms operate in the network is a consensus. CONCLUSION: RAPS is being implemented and its concretization depends on the involvement of professionals, managers and social control of users and family members.

[A psychosocial care center team's work from a family perspective]. / O trabalho da equipe de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial na perspectiva da família.

The objective of this study was to understand the experiences of family members of patients seen at a Psychosocial Care Center (PSCC) in terms of the work performed by the mental health team. The theoretical-philosophical framework used was phenomenological sociology. Data collection took place by means of an interview performed with 13 family members in October and November, 2006 at a PSCC in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil. The comprehensive analysis yielded three categories. This article focuses on one of those categories: work as a project, action, and act. The analysis permitted to consider that the PSCC team's work has concrete results in mental health care; the team's actions are user-centered; and that the team's work should increase family-service integration. These considerations could serve as support for mental health teams to reflect about their practice regarding involving the patient's family in their work.

[Using the Fourth Generation Evaluation in a Center of Psychosocial Attention]. / Utilização da Avaliação de Quarta Geração em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial.

The study reports the use of the Evaluation of Fourth Generation in a Center of Psychosocial Attention (CAPS). A qualitative evaluation was carried through with the purpose of learning the service dynamics, the ways the actors interact and how the senses are built by those people in relation to their practice. The data collection was made in a CAPS in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, during the period between October and November of 2006. The applied methods were: observation, which made possible to experience the service context, interviews with 13 service users, 13 relatives and 13 mental health care professionals. The fieldwork experience allowed us to accomplish the joint of different methods of data collection in the search of service evaluation through a constructivist perspective. The evaluation allowed a problematization of mental care health in Centers of Psychosocial Attention and contributed to the emancipatory process of the involved subjects.

[Conceptions of a mental health team about interdisciplinary work]. / Concepções de uma equipe de saúde mental sobre interdisciplinaridade.

The objective of this study was to understand the conceptions of a mental health team from a Psychosocial Care Center about interdisciplinary work. This is a qualitative study, of a descriptive type, developed in a mental health service in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The subjects of the study were eight professionals (psychiatrist, nurse, nutritionist, psychologist social worker occupational therapist, physical education teacher and nursing auxiliary). It was included professionals from the health service available to participate of the research. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview and the information had been analyzed by the content analysis technique. The interdisciplinary work revealed itself as a group of professionals with different formations, grouping specific knowledge, in a conflict area where there are negotiation and support between the professionals. The formation of the team by workers of different professions enriches the care practice, favors the assistance innovation and makes possible the interchange of experiences and knowledge.