RESUMO
UNLABELLED: Chenopodium ambrosioides have been used during centuries by native people to treat parasitic diseases. AIMS OF THE STUDY: To compare the in vivo anti-leishmanial activity of the essential oil (EO) from C. ambrosioides and its major components (ascaridole, carvacrol and caryophyllene oxide). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anti-leishmanial effect was evaluated in BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania amazonensis and treated with the EO, main compounds and artificial mix of pure components by intralesional route at 30 mg/kg every 4 days during 14 days. Diseases progression and parasite burden in infected tissues were determined. RESULTS: EO prevented lesion development compared (p<0.05) with untreated animals and treated with vehicle. In addition, the efficacy of EO was also statistically superior (p<0.05) compared with the glucantime-treated animals. No potential effects were observed with pure components treatment. Mix of pure compounds cause death of animals after 3 days of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate the superiority of EO against experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. amazonensis.
Assuntos
Antiprotozoários/farmacologia , Chenopodium ambrosioides/química , Leishmania/efeitos dos fármacos , Leishmaniose Cutânea/tratamento farmacológico , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Animais , Antiprotozoários/química , Antiprotozoários/isolamento & purificação , Monoterpenos Cicloexânicos , Cimenos , Feminino , Injeções Intralesionais , Meglumina/farmacologia , Antimoniato de Meglumina , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Monoterpenos/química , Monoterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Monoterpenos/farmacologia , Óleos Voláteis/química , Óleos Voláteis/isolamento & purificação , Compostos Organometálicos/farmacologia , Peróxidos/química , Peróxidos/isolamento & purificação , Peróxidos/farmacologia , Óleos de Plantas/química , Óleos de Plantas/isolamento & purificação , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos , Sesquiterpenos/química , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologiaRESUMO
The in vitro antileishmanial effect of the essential oil from Chenopodium ambrosioides against Leishmania donovani was investigated. The product showed significant activity against promastigotes and amastigotes, with a 50% effective concentration of 4.45 and 5.1 microg/mL, respectively. The essential oil caused an irreversible inhibition of the growth of promastigotes after a treatment with 100 or 10 microg/mL for 1 or 24 h, respectively. The phagocytic activity of the macrophages was preserved at a concentration toxic to the parasite. The essential oil from C. ambrosioides may be a potential candidate drug to development a new agent to combat this parasitic disease.