RESUMO
One of the basic teachings of Aikido is known as Yonkyo (Fourth Teaching) or Tekubi-Osae (Wrist Securing). According to some Aikido master teachers, Yonkyo is designed to attack the opponent's weak points. This investigation focused on examining this teaching with the purpose of describing the anatomical tissues involved in the etiology of pain when this teaching is applied precisely. Particular focus was placed on the anatomical locations/sources of pain associated with the application of this teaching.
Assuntos
Antebraço/inervação , Artes Marciais/lesões , Músculos/inervação , Dor/fisiopatologia , Traumatismos dos Nervos Periféricos , Tendões/inervação , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nervo Radial/fisiopatologia , Nervo Ulnar/fisiopatologia , Punho/inervaçãoRESUMO
Recently there have been several investigations into the etiology of the pain produced on the application of Aikido's Nikyo (Second-teaching). This paper analyzes several conclusions as to the discrepancies found in the results of these studies.
Assuntos
Artes Marciais/fisiologia , Dor/fisiopatologia , Punho/inervação , Adulto , Ossos do Carpo/inervação , Humanos , Nociceptores/fisiopatologia , Amplitude de Movimento Articular/fisiologia , Tendões/inervaçãoRESUMO
One of the strongest subduing techniques of the Martial Art Aikido is classified as Nikyo (Second-teaching). This investigation focused on examining this teaching with the intention of describing the anatomical tissues involved in the etiology of pain experienced with the application of this procedure. Particular focus was placed on the examination of a cadaver's arm musculature affected when this maneuver was applied precisely.
Assuntos
Braço/anatomia & histologia , Mãos/anatomia & histologia , Artes Marciais , Ensino , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Movimento/fisiologia , Músculos/anatomia & histologia , Dor/etiologiaRESUMO
Sankyo, one of Aikido's strongest martial art techniques for peacefully subduing an attacker, produces pain in the hand, wrist, and forearm. Specific target muscles, tendons, and ligaments are identified through an investigation of Sankyo's expert application to two anatomists and a male cadaver.
Assuntos
Artes Marciais/fisiologia , Dor/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Cotovelo/fisiologia , Feminino , Antebraço/inervação , Humanos , Masculino , Nociceptores/fisiologia , Limiar da Dor/fisiologia , Equilíbrio Postural/fisiologia , Punho/inervaçãoRESUMO
In this anatomical analysis the authors examined Gokyo, Aikido's Fifth Teaching. Using their cadaver/anatomist-observer model, the authors observed that tissues manipulated by the technique were primarily on the dorsal side of the wrist, proximal to the second metacarpal. The source of the pain was thought to involve the manipulation of the wrist joints and associated carpometacarpal ligaments. Locations of the manipulated tissue and sources of pain associated with that tissue, and their limited practical application were discussed.
Assuntos
Ligamentos Articulares/fisiopatologia , Artes Marciais/fisiologia , Metacarpo/fisiopatologia , Dor/fisiopatologia , Articulação do Punho/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Modelos AnatômicosRESUMO
The Martial Art of Aikido, based on several effective anatomical principles, is used to subdue a training partner. One of these methods is Ikkyo (First Teaching). According to Saotome, the original intent of Ikkyo was to "break the elbow joint" of an enemy. Nowadays the intent is to secure or pin a training partner to the mat. This investigation focused on examining Ikkyo with the purpose of describing the nerves, bones, and muscles involved in receiving this technique. Particular focus was placed on the locations and sources of the reported pain.
Assuntos
Cotovelo/anatomia & histologia , Artes Marciais , Adulto , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Articulação do Cotovelo/anatomia & histologia , Humanos , Imobilização , Masculino , Nervo Ulnar/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
The effective management of energy is an important dimension in the martial arts as well as the mental health professions. The Oriental concept of Ki is described, noting its Indian, Chinese, and Japanese development. Ki and the transfer of energy is studied through the martial encounter, using concepts borrowed from Japanese swordsmanship. Ki is also discussed from a developmental context as youngsters progress in Tae Kwon Do training. In examining the disciplines of Aikido, Tae Kwon Do, and Karate, it becomes clear that more is involved than kicking, punching, and throwing bodies on the floor. These martial arts have some important statements to make in the area of mental health, particularly in terms of energy--within our bodies, psyches, interpersonal relationships, and the universe.
Assuntos
Adaptação Psicológica , Nível de Alerta , Comparação Transcultural , Relações Interpessoais , Esportes , Ásia Oriental , Humanos , Terapia de RelaxamentoRESUMO
The evaluation and proper clinical and legal management of pain clients defy simple remedies. Historically, human pain has challenged the most sophisticated of philosophical, theological, and biomedical explanations. Following an historical overview of pain concepts and treatment, this paper discusses the prevalence in and influence of pain on the modern world. One perspective for viewing multifaceted pain issues is a model developed by John Loeser. This four-level model addresses not only tissue damage (Nociception), but also the patient's perception of such damage (Pain), the negative emotional reactions to such perceptions (Suffering), as well as the pain activity stemming from such damage (Pain Behavior)--all issues critical in medical management as well as in personal injury litigation. Several methods for classifying pain are discussed, including acute vs chronic pain, benign vs cancer pain, "real" vs psychogenic pain, and a multiaxial coding schema for pain which encompasses a number of professional disciplines. Clinical pain assessment is then reframed and translated into a legal format more relevant to forensic discovery and case development.