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1.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord ; 22(1): 867, 2021 Oct 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34635092

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Early versions of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) scoliosis correction surgery often involved sublaminar devices. Recently, the utilization of pedicle screws has gained much popularity. Pedicle screws are generally believed to provide additional deformity correction, but pedicle size and rotational deformity limit their application in the thoracic spine, resulting in a hybrid construct involving pedicle screws and sublaminar wire. Studies of the efficacy of hybrid instrumentation in SMA scoliosis are often limited by the scarcity of the disease itself. In this study, we aimed to compare the surgical outcomes between hybrid constructs involving pedicle screws and sublaminar wire and sublaminar wire alone in patients with SMA scoliosis. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records and radiographic assessments of patients with SMA scoliosis who underwent corrective surgery between 1993 and 2017. The radiographic assessments included deformity correction and progressive changes in the major curve angle, pelvic tilt (PT) and coronal balance (CB). The correction of deformities was observed postoperatively and at the patient's 2-year follow-up to test the efficacy of each type of construct. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients were included in this study. There were 14 and 19 patients in the wiring and hybrid construct groups, respectively. The hybrid construct group demonstrated a higher major curve angle correction (50.5° ± 11.2° vs. 36.4° ± 8.4°, p < 0.001), a higher apical vertebral rotation correction (10.6° ± 3.9° vs. 4.8° ± 2.6°, p < 0.001), and a reduced progression of the major curve angle at the 2-year follow-up (5.1° ± 2.9° vs. 8.7° ± 4.8°, p < 0.001). A moderate correlation was observed between the magnitude of correction of the apical vertebral rotation angle and the major curve (r = 0.528, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that hybrid instrumentation can provide a greater magnitude of correction in major curve and apical rotation as well as less major curve progression than sublaminar wire instrumentation alone in patients with SMA scoliosis. Level of evidence III.


Assuntos
Atrofia Muscular Espinal , Escoliose , Humanos , Atrofia Muscular Espinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Atrofia Muscular Espinal/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Escoliose/diagnóstico por imagem , Escoliose/cirurgia , Coluna Vertebral , Resultado do Tratamento
2.
Clin Rehabil ; 34(9): 1217-1229, 2020 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32539454

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of various strategies in the treatment of trigger finger. DATA SOURCES: A systematic literature search for randomized controlled trials to compare treatments for trigger finger was conducted through three online databases, Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane Library, from their inception dates to 22 May 2020. METHODS: Relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the effect sizes in success rate for included articles. RESULTS: Sixteen articles (n = 1185) were included in our meta-analysis. The results showed that the efficacy of steroid injection was significantly better than the placebo group at short-term follow-ups (RR = 19.00, 95% CI = 1.17-309.77 for one-week; RR = 3.70, 95% CI = 3.70, 95% CI = 1.61-8.53 for one-month), and then became non-significant at four months (RR = 3.21, 95% CI = 0.88-11.79). There was no significant difference in success rate between steroid injection and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug injection, and between open surgery and percutaneous release at all the follow-ups. Only surgical treatment had significantly better efficacy in success rate than steroid injection at all follow-ups (RR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.34-0.66 for one-month; RR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.80-0.96 for three-month; RR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.48-0.68 for six-month; RR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.20-0.72 for 12-month). CONCLUSION: There were no differences in efficacy between steroid injection and shockwave or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug injection. The surgical treatments had the best efficacy among these treatments.


Assuntos
Dedo em Gatilho/terapia , Humanos
3.
J Emerg Med ; 56(2): 201-204, 2019 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30527562

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint is a common upper extremity injury in orthopedic and emergency medicine. The aim of this study was to introduce a novel reduction technique, "elbow technique," for anterior shoulder dislocations. DISCUSSION: This study included 26 patients with anterior shoulder dislocation who were treated using the elbow technique in our hospital's emergency department between October 2014 and December 2015. One orthopedic physician performed the reduction maneuver and the vast majority of the patients were sedated. Patients who presented with posterior shoulder dislocation, remained dislocated for more than 7 days, who had Neer three or four parts proximal humerus fractures, and who had received previous shoulder surgery were excluded from this study. Twenty-one dislocations (80% of the patients) were primary. Six patients (23% of the dislocations) had associated fractures of the greater tuberosity. All of the patients were successfully reduced with the elbow technique. Mean time for reduction was 5 s (range 3-69 s). No iatrogenic fractures or neurovascular injuries were noted after the reductions. CONCLUSIONS: The elbow technique involves traction, leverage, pulsion, and can be performed by a single operator. The elbow technique is a safe, elegant, simple, effective, fast, and gentle reduction procedure for anterior shoulder dislocations in the emergency department.


Assuntos
Manipulação Ortopédica/métodos , Luxação do Ombro/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/organização & administração , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Manipulação Ortopédica/normas , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Amplitude de Movimento Articular/fisiologia , Lesões do Ombro , Articulação do Ombro/anormalidades , Fatores de Tempo
4.
Molecules ; 24(1)2019 Jan 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30609798

RESUMO

Osteoporosis is the second most common epidemiologic disease in the aging population worldwide. Previous studies have found that frequent tea drinkers have higher bone mineral density and less hip fracture. We previously found that (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) (20⁻100 µmol/L) significantly suppressed receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and pit formation via inhibiting NF-κB transcriptional activity and nuclear transport of NF-κB in RAW 264.7 cells and murine primary bone marrow macrophage cells. The most important regulation in osteoclastogenesis is the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB/RANKL/osteoprotegrin (RANK/RANKL/OPG) pathway. In this study, we used the coculture of RAW 264.7 cells and the feeder cells, ST2, to evaluate how EGCG regulated the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway in RAW 264.7 cells and ST2 cells. We found EGCG decreased the RANKL/OPG ratio in both mRNA expression and secretory protein levels and eventually decreased osteoclastogenesis by TRAP (+) stain osteoclasts and TRAP activity at low concentrations-1 and 10 µmol/L-via the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway. The effective concentration can be easily achieved in daily tea consumption. Taken together, our results implicate that EGCG could be an important nutrient in modulating bone resorption.


Assuntos
Catequina/análogos & derivados , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteoprotegerina/metabolismo , Ligante RANK/metabolismo , Animais , Catequina/farmacologia , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Expressão Gênica , Camundongos , Osteoclastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Osteogênese/genética , Células RAW 264.7 , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Fosfatase Ácida Resistente a Tartarato/metabolismo
6.
Eur Spine J ; 26(6): 1721-1731, 2017 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27807779

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Various results of the previous literature related to surgical effect on pulmonary function of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients might be due to different SMA type, different fusion level and technique. The aim of this study was to determine the value of scoliosis surgery for SMA type II patients with regard to pulmonary function, under the same fusion level, fusion technique and average long-term follow-up. METHODS: Ten SMA II patients who underwent spinal correction procedures from 1993 to 2010 were identified. Data on clinical features and pulmonary function, including forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1), were collected. The data on pulmonary function were divided into preoperative, postoperative short-term (0-5 years), mid-term (5-10 years), and long-term (>10 years). Statistical comparisons were made using the Wilcoxon test for pulmonary function and body weight analysis. Questions were answered by parents on how surgery influenced the frequency of respiratory infection and the ability to sit at school. RESULTS: The average length of postoperative pulmonary function follow-up was 12.3 years (range 4.9-15.9 years). There was no significant difference in FVC or FEV1 between preoperative and each postoperative period. However, a significant decline from mid-term to long-term was observed (p = 0.028). Body weight increased significantly in all postoperative periods and was moderately correlated to pulmonary function (r = 0.526 for FVC). The answers to the questionnaire revealed that 80% of the patients had obvious improvement in the frequency of respiratory infection and 100% were tolerable sitting at school. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical correction for scoliosis in SMA II patients results in pulmonary function being maintained during long-term follow-up. In addition, the advantages of surgery also include body weight gain, better sitting tolerance, and reduced frequency of respiratory infection.


Assuntos
Volume Expiratório Forçado/fisiologia , Escoliose/cirurgia , Fusão Vertebral , Atrofias Musculares Espinais da Infância/fisiopatologia , Capacidade Vital/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Escoliose/fisiopatologia , Adulto Jovem
8.
J Foot Ankle Surg ; 56(3): 478-483, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28268142

RESUMO

Favorable results have been reported for tibialis posterior tendon transfers, which can effectively restore the dorsiflexion of the ankle and normal heel-to-toe gait. However, the commonly used methods for anchoring the transplanted tendon have some drawbacks. Therefore, we developed a new tendon-anchoring method to improve fixation of the transferred tendon and reduce the related complications. The new method entails tying the anchoring suture to the navicular bone instead of the button on the plantar foot to avoid wound complications. It requires no additional skin incisions or special equipment. We retrospectively evaluated 24 feet of 19 pediatric patients (13 [68.4%] females and 6 [31.6%] males) who had undergone anterior transfer of the tibialis posterior tendon with our new method from 2000 to 2013. All patients were clinically followed up. At the final follow-up visit, they were evaluated while standing and walking, and the range of motion of the foot was evaluated. The mean age at surgery was 7.8 (range 2 to 16) years. At the longest follow-up point, all the patients exhibited improved gait, except for 1 patient who required a secondary procedure. All the transferred tibialis posterior tendons could be palpated with certainty during active dorsiflexion or withdrawal of the foot. No tendon displacements, wound infections, or postoperative complications were observed. Fixation of a transferred tibialis posterior tendon by tying the suture to the navicular bone is simple and reliable. This technique can efficiently prevent the plantar ulcers that can develop with the traditional pull-out button method and provides a solution when appropriate-size bioabsorbable interference screws are unavailable.


Assuntos
Pé Torto Equinovaro/cirurgia , Transtornos Neurológicos da Marcha/cirurgia , Técnicas de Sutura , Transferência Tendinosa/métodos , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Deformidades Congênitas do Pé/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Supinação
9.
J Orthop Res ; 2024 Oct 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39358851

RESUMO

Rotator cuff tendinopathy is a common musculoskeletal disorder with limited pharmacological treatment strategies. This study aimed to investigate tenocytes' functional in vitro response from a ruptured supraspinatus tendon to suramin administration and to elucidate whether suramin can enhance tendon repair and modulate the inflammatory response to injury. Tenocytes were obtained from human supraspinatus tendons (n = 6). We investigated the effect of suramin on LPS-induced inflammatory responses and the underlying molecular mechanisms in THP-1 macrophages. Suramin enhanced the proliferation, cell viability, and migration of tenocytes. It also increased the protein expression of PCNA and Ki-67. Suramin-treated tenocytes exhibited increased expression of COL1A1, COL3A1, TNC, SCX, and VEGF. Suramin significantly reduced LPS-induced iNOS, COX2 synthesis, inflammatory cytokine TNF-α production, and inflammatory signaling by influencing the NF-κB pathways in THP-1 cells. Our results suggest that suramin holds great promise as a therapeutic option for treating rotator cuff tendinopathy.

10.
Int Immunopharmacol ; 120: 110295, 2023 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37182454

RESUMO

Osteoarthritis (OA)-the most prevalent of arthritis diseases-is a complicated pathogenesis caused by cartilage degeneration and synovial inflammation. Suramin has been reported to enhance chondrogenic differentiation. However, the therapeutic effect of suramin on OA-induced cartilage destruction has remained unclear. Suramin is an anti-parasitic drug that has potent anti-purinergic properties. This study investigated the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of suramin on articular cartilage degradation using an in vitro study and mice model with post-traumatic OA. We found that suramin markedly suppressed the IL-1ß increased expression of matrix destruction proteases-such as ADAMT4, ADAMTS5, MMP3, MMP13, and inflammatory mediators-including the iNOS, COX2, TNFα, and IL-1ß; while greatly enhancing the synthesis of cartilage anabolic factors-such as COL2A1, Aggrecan and SOX9 in IL-1ß-induced porcine chondrocytes. In vivo experiments showed that intra-articular injection of suramin ameliorated cartilage degeneration and inhibited synovial inflammation in an anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-induced OA mouse model. In mechanistic studies, we found that exogenous supplementation of suramin can activate Nrf2, and accordingly inhibit the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF- κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, thereby alleviating the inflammation and ECM degeneration of chondrocytes stimulated by IL-1ß. In addition, suramin also repolarized M1 macrophages to the M2 phenotype, further reducing the apoptosis of chondrocytes. Collectively, the results of the study suggests that suramin is a potential drugs which could serve as a facilitating drug for the application of OA therapy toward clinical treatment.


Assuntos
Cartilagem Articular , Osteoartrite , Camundongos , Animais , Suínos , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Condrócitos , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2/metabolismo , Suramina/farmacologia , Suramina/uso terapêutico , Suramina/metabolismo , Osteoartrite/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Cartilagem Articular/patologia , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo
11.
Bone Joint Res ; 11(10): 723-738, 2022 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36222195

RESUMO

AIMS: Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is a promising treatment for articular cartilage degeneration and injury; however, it requires a large number of human hyaline chondrocytes, which often undergo dedifferentiation during in vitro expansion. This study aimed to investigate the effect of suramin on chondrocyte differentiation and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: Porcine chondrocytes were treated with vehicle or various doses of suramin. The expression of collagen, type II, alpha 1 (COL2A1), aggrecan (ACAN); COL1A1; COL10A1; SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9); nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX); interleukin (IL)-1ß; tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα); IL-8; and matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP-13) in chondrocytes at both messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels was determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. In addition, the supplementation of suramin to redifferentiation medium for the culture of expanded chondrocytes in 3D pellets was evaluated. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen production were evaluated by biochemical analyses and immunofluorescence, as well as by immunohistochemistry. The expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NOX activity were assessed by luciferase reporter gene assay, immunofluorescence analysis, and flow cytometry. Mutagenesis analysis, Alcian blue staining, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and western blot assay were used to determine whether p67phox was involved in suramin-enhanced chondrocyte phenotype maintenance. RESULTS: Suramin enhanced the COL2A1 and ACAN expression and lowered COL1A1 synthesis. Also, in 3D pellet culture GAG and COL2A1 production was significantly higher in pellets consisting of chondrocytes expanded with suramin compared to controls. Surprisingly, suramin also increased ROS generation, which is largely caused by enhanced NOX (p67phox) activity and membrane translocation. Overexpression of p67phox but not p67phoxAD (deleting amino acid (a.a) 199 to 212) mutant, which does not support ROS production in chondrocytes, significantly enhanced chondrocyte phenotype maintenance, SOX9 expression, and AKT (S473) phosphorylation. Knockdown of p67phox with its specific short hairpin (sh) RNA (shRNA) abolished the suramin-induced effects. Moreover, when these cells were treated with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) inhibitor LY294002 or shRNA of AKT1, p67phox-induced COL2A1 and ACAN expression was significantly inhibited. CONCLUSION: Suramin could redifferentiate dedifferentiated chondrocytes dependent on p67phox activation, which is mediated by the PI3K/AKT/SOX9 signalling pathway.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(10):693-708.

12.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 101(31): e29608, 2022 Aug 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35945775

RESUMO

Flexible flatfoot is the most common condition seen in pediatric orthopedic practice and generalized joint hypermobility is widely regarded as one of the predisposing factors. However, in previous studies, the flatfoot was defined by observers' subjective evaluation of the eversion of the bare foot in the standing position; and the joint hypermobility was defined by the Beighton score. The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between preschool-age flexible flatfoot and joint hypermobility in preschool-age children objectively. Footprints were measured on a Harris and Beath footprint mat. Flatfoot flexibility was assessed by Staheli Plantar Arch Index (PAI). Other than the Beighton score, 2 new measurement methods, the thumb-to-forearm test and the thumb-thrust test were developed to evaluate joint hypermobility. Of the 291 preschool children from 4 different kindergarten schools included in this study, 156 were boys and 135 were girls. The mean age was 64.18 ± 9.33 months (range 35-88 months). Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated PAI was not associated with the Beighton score (R = 0.020, P = .735), thumb-to-forearm grade (R = 0.109, P = .066), and thumb-thrust grade (R = 0.027, P = .642). Two-sample t-test results showed that the normal and flatfoot groups did not differ significantly in the Beighton score (P = .404), thumb-to-forearm grade (P = .063), and thumb-thrust grade (P = .449). The results demonstrated no correlation between joint hypermobility and preschool-age flexible flatfoot when flatfoot was defined with Staheli PAI and joint hypermobility with the Beighton score. Even with 2 new methods, the thumb-to-forearm test and thumb-thrust test, to define joint hypermobility, we still found no correlation between preschool-age flexible flatfoot and joint hypermobility.


Assuntos
Pé Chato , Instabilidade Articular , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Instituições Acadêmicas
13.
J Trauma ; 70(3): 755-8, 2011 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21610370

RESUMO

Removing a bent femoral intramedullary nail is challenging and usually requires special equipment to weaken or transect the nail. We have developed a novel technique with simple devices including one dynamic compression plate and two bone-holding forceps to straighten a bent nail. The results showed that one can use this method for bent nail removal effectively and easily.


Assuntos
Pinos Ortopédicos , Remoção de Dispositivo/métodos , Fraturas do Fêmur/cirurgia , Fixação Intramedular de Fraturas/instrumentação , Acidentes de Trânsito , Adulto , Fraturas do Fêmur/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Radiografia
14.
Diagnostics (Basel) ; 11(10)2021 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34679520

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to develop a new strategy for rapid diagnosis of the source of low back pain (LBP) for treatment with cooled radiofrequency ablation (RFA). MATERIALS: Patients suffering from facet joint (FJ) or sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain for more than 3 months were included. Two methods, Technetium Tc99m methylene diphosphonate single photon emission tomography/computed tomography (99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT) and a modified Fortin finger test were used to identify the source of LBP for treatment with cooled RFA. The visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to assess the patients' pain levels and disabilities respectively. These two measures were recorded at baseline and 1-week, 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up visits. RESULTS: A total of 40 patients with LBP were included in this study. Our results demonstrated that the patients with LBP identified by our new strategy had significant improvements in VAS or ODI score at 1-week to 6-month follow-up visits (p < 0.001) after receiving cooled RFA. Similar results were also found in patients with FJ pain and those with FJ and SIJ pain respectively. Among all the patients, over 70% had greater than or equal to 50% reduction in VAS and ODI scores. No serious adverse events were observed after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This new strategy could be successfully adopted for rapid diagnosis of the source of comprehensive LBP.

15.
Biomedicines ; 9(12)2021 Nov 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34944622

RESUMO

The cell sheet technique is a promising approach for tissue engineering, and the present study is aimed to determine a better configuration of cell sheets for cartilage repair. For stratified chondrocyte sheets (S-CS), articular chondrocytes isolated from superficial, middle, and deep zones were stacked accordingly. Heterogeneous chondrocyte sheets (H-CS) were obtained by mixing zonal chondrocytes. The expressions of chondrocytes, cytokine markers, and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production were assessed in an in vitro assay. The curative effect was investigated in an in vivo porcine osteochondral defect model. The S-CS showed a higher cell viability, proliferation rate, expression of chondrogenic markers, secretion of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase, and GAG production level than the H-CS group. The expressions of ECM destruction enzyme and proinflammatory cytokines were lower in the S-CS group. In the mini-pigs articular cartilage defect model, the S-CS group had a higher International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) macroscopic score and displayed a zonal structure that more closely resembled the native cartilage than those implanted with the H-CS. Our study demonstrated that the application of the S-CS increased the hyaline cartilage formation and improved the surgical outcome of chondrocyte implication, offering a better tissue engineering strategy for treating articular cartilage defects.

16.
Bone Joint Res ; 10(8): 498-513, 2021 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34372688

RESUMO

AIMS: Interleukin (IL)-1ß is one of the major pathogenic regulators during the pathological development of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, effective treatment options for IDD are limited. Suramin is used to treat African sleeping sickness. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacological effects of suramin on mitigating IDD and to characterize the underlying mechanism. METHODS: Porcine nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were treated with vehicle, 10 ng/ml IL-1ß, 10 µM suramin, or 10 µM suramin plus IL-1ß. The expression levels of catabolic and anabolic proteins, proinflammatory cytokines, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor (NF)-κB-related signalling molecules were assessed by Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and immunofluorescence analysis. Flow cytometry was applied to detect apoptotic cells. The ex vivo effects of suramin were examined using IDD organ culture and differentiation was analyzed by Safranin O-Fast green and Alcian blue staining. RESULTS: Suramin inhibited IL-1ß-induced apoptosis, downregulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, MMP-13, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-4, and ADAMTS-5, and upregulated collagen 2A (Col2a1) and aggrecan in IL-1ß-treated NP cells. IL-1ß-induced inflammation, assessed by IL-1ß, IL-8, and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) upregulation, was alleviated by suramin treatment. Suramin suppressed IL-1ß-mediated proteoglycan depletion and the induction of MMP-3, ADAMTS-4, and pro-inflammatory gene expression in ex vivo experiments. CONCLUSION: Suramin administration represents a novel and effectively therapeutic approach, which could potentially alleviate IDD by reducing extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and inhibiting apoptosis and inflammatory responses in the NP cells. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(8):498-513.

17.
J Clin Med ; 10(17)2021 Sep 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34501429

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Diagnosing intervertebral instability is crucial for the treatment of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS). Disabling back pain will reduce spinal mobility which leads to an underestimate of the incidence of intervertebral instability. We hypothesized that adequate analgesia could alter the flexion/extension exam performance, and thus increase the diagnostic accuracy of segmental instability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred patients with low-grade DLS were prospectively enrolled in the before-after cohort study. Standing lateral flexion/extension radiographs of lumbar spines were examined and analyzed before and after intramuscular injections of 30 mg ketorolac. RESULTS: Pain score decreased significantly after analgesic injections (p < 0.001). Dynamic slip (DS), dynamic segmental angle (DA), dynamic lumbar lordosis, and slip percentage (SP) were significantly increased after pain reduction (all p < 0.001). According to the diagnostic criteria for segmental instability (DS > 4.5 mm, DA > 15°, or SP > 15%), there were 4%, 4%, and 0.7% of total motion segments fulfilling the criteria which markedly increased to 42%, 32%, and 16.7% after analgesia was administered. The incidence of instability also increased from 6% to 38% after analgesia. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis rate of intervertebral instability is commonly underestimated in the presence of low back pain. This short-term pain relief facilitates reliable functional imaging adding to the diagnosis of intervertebral instability.

18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34299875

RESUMO

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) was first introduced for treating knee osteoarthritis (OA) in 2010 and has emerged as a minimally invasive treatment option. Three RFA techniques have been adopted for treating knee OA, including conventional, pulsed, and cooled RFA. However, the efficacy among different RFA techniques in the treatment of knee OA is still unclear. Three electronic databases were systematically searched for relevant articles, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. A meta-analysis of articles that investigated the use of RFA techniques in the treatment of knee OA was conducted to pool the effect size in pain before and after treatment. A total of 20 eligible articles (including 605 patients) were included for our meta-analysis. After treatment, the patients had significant improvements in pain for all three RFA techniques when compared with the baseline level for the 1, 3-, and 6-month follow-ups (p < 0.00001). However, there were no significant differences in the efficacy among the three RFA techniques for all follow-up visits (p > 0.05). The three RFA techniques demonstrated a significant improvement in pain for up to 6 months after treatment. Comparing the efficacy of the three RFA techniques in the treatment of knee OA, our results showed that no significant differences in pain relief among the three RFA techniques were observed at the 1-, 3-, 6, and 12-month follow-up visits.


Assuntos
Osteoartrite do Joelho , Ablação por Radiofrequência , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho , Osteoartrite do Joelho/cirurgia , Dor , Manejo da Dor , Resultado do Tratamento
19.
Cartilage ; 13(2_suppl): 238S-253S, 2021 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34238028

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Shockwave application is a potential treatment for osteoarthritis (OA), but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Oxidative stress and a counterbalancing antioxidant system might be the key to understanding this mechanism. We hypothesized that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2),which is an important regulator of cellular redox homeostasis, are plausible elements. DESIGN: Porcine chondrocytes were cultured in a 3-dimensional pellet model and subjected to shockwaves. The effects of shockwaves with various energy-flux densities on optimal extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis were assessed. ROS, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, and the redox activity of Nrf2 were measured. To investigate the signaling mechanism involved in the shockwave treatment in chondrocytes, specific inhibitors of ROS, MAPK signaling, and Nrf2 activity were targeted. RESULTS: Shockwaves increased ECM synthesis without affecting cell viability or proliferation. Furthermore, they induced transient ROS production mainly through xanthine oxidase. The phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 were activated by shockwaves. By contrast, suppression of ROS signaling mitigated shockwave-induced MAPK phosphorylation, Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and ECM synthesis. Pretreatment of chondrocytes with the specific inhibitors of MEK1/2 and p38, respectively, mitigated the shockwave-induced nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and ECM synthesis. Nrf2 inhibition by both small hairpin RNA knockdown and brusatol reduced the shockwave-enhanced ECM synthesis. CONCLUSIONS: Shockwaves activated Nrf2 activity through the induction of transient ROS signaling and subsequently enhanced ECM synthesis in chondrocytes. This study provided fundamental evidence confirming the potential of shockwaves for OA management.


Assuntos
Condrócitos , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2 , Animais , Condrócitos/metabolismo , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por Mitógeno/farmacologia , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2/genética , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2/metabolismo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/farmacologia , Transdução de Sinais , Suínos
20.
Clin Neurol Neurosurg ; 195: 105854, 2020 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32353665

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of different radiofrequency techniques (thermal, pulsed, and cooled radiofrequency) for treating lumbar facet joint (LFJ) or sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) age > 18 years; (2) patients suffering from LFJ or SIJ pain; and (3) patients receiving radiofrequency treatments. Four electronic databases, including Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Knowledge were systematically searched from inception until December 2019 for relevant articles. The search was conducted on 2 January 2020. When the outcomes among articles showed heterogeneity, then a random-effects model was adopted to calculate the effect size; otherwise, a fixed-effects model was adopted. RESULTS: All the three techniques showed significant improvements in LFJ or SIJ pain for up to 12 months compared with the baseline level. However, no significant differences among the three techniques were observed at any follow-up visits except for possibly a trend for variance in efficacy. For treating LFJ pain, cooled radiofrequency was the most effective, followed by thermal radiofrequency and then pulsed radiofrequency as the least respectively for the follow-up visit at 6 months. No serious complications were reported after receiving treatment using the three techniques. CONCLUSION: Sequentially, cooled radiofrequency followed by thermal radiofrequency and then pulsed radiofrequency for treating LFJ pain were identified as most to least effective at the 6-month follow-up.


Assuntos
Dor Lombar/terapia , Ablação por Radiofrequência/métodos , Humanos , Vértebras Lombares , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Articulação Sacroilíaca , Articulação Zigapofisária
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