[Audiological and Otological Status of 45 Infants with Cleft Palate].

OBJECTIVE: To study the audiological and otological status of cleft palate infants with the application of distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE), auditory brainstem response (ABR), tympanometry with 1000 Hz and 226 Hz probe tones. METHODS: Totally 45 cleft palate infants aged 8-24 months were included in the study. Most of them were examined for DPOAE, ABR and two frequency tympanometry. RESULTS: Most infants failed the three tests,among whom 6.7% ears passed DPOAE and 33.3% of ears had normal ABR hearing threshold. In addition, 8.9% of ears turned out normal in the 1000 Hz probe-tone tympanometry, and 13.3% were type A in the 226 Hz probe-tone tympanometry. Finally, 1000 Hz tympanometry had more agreement with DPOAE and latency of ABR wave I than 226 Hz tympanometry. CONCLUSION: Most cleft palate infants have audiological and otological problems, which should be evaluated in a more comprehensive manner.

[A clinicopathologic study on oncocytoma and oncocytic carcinoma of the salivary glands].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathologic features, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of oncocytoma and oncocytic carcinoma of the salivary glands. METHODS: The clinicopathologic features were studied in 23 cases of oncocytomas and 15 cases of oncocytic carcinomas, and immunohistochemical staining as well as electron microscopy were performed. RESULTS: Most oncocytomas occurred in the parotid gland (95.6%) with no recurrence. The diagnosis was made based on histopathological features. Oncocytic carcinomas were high-grade tumors, mainly occurring in the parotid gland. The diagnosis was based not only on histopathology but also on ultrastructural findings, phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin (PTAH), and immunohistochemistry. Of the 14 cases with follow-up information, 7 cases recurred. Regional or distant metastases were found in 7 and 4 cases, respectively. CONCLUSION: Oncocytoma is a rare tumor with well prognosis, whereas oncocytic carcinoma of the salivary glands is a high-grade tumor, with frequent local recurrence, regional or distant metastasis, the diagnosis of which should be based on a combination of clinical and histopathological features. Immunohistochemistry for mitochondria is considered as a practical and helpful adjuvant for diagnosis.

Oncocytic carcinoma of the parotid gland.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The incidence of oncocytic carcinoma of the parotid gland is low, so a systematic evaluation of treatment strategies is lacking. We aimed to describe our experiences in treating this malignancy. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. METHODS: We reviewed the files for 18 patients (14 males) of oncocytic carcinoma of the parotid gland in our institution from 1991 to 2011. Four patients underwent surgery alone, four surgery and postoperative radiotherapy, nine surgery and postoperative brachytherapy, and one radiotherapy alone. Median follow-up was 36 months (range 2-108 months). RESULTS: The 5-year local control rate was 66.9%, overall survival 68.6%, disease progression-free survival 46.2%, and 5-year freedom from distant metastasis 61.0%. Clinical N category, local recurrence, and distant metastasis significantly influenced overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: Conservative parotidectomy is not radical enough to treat oncocytic carcinoma of the parotid gland. Elective neck dissection is recommended for patients with cancer stage T2 to 4. Surgery with postoperative (125) I brachytherapy leads to good local control for patients with advanced disease or with positive or close resection margins.

Primary oncocytic carcinoma of the salivary glands: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 12 cases.

Oncocytic carcinoma (OC) of salivary gland origin is an extremely rare proliferation of malignant oncocytes with adenocarcinomatous architectural phenotypes, including infiltrative qualities. To help clarify the clinicopathologic and prognostic features of this tumor group, herein, we report 12 OC cases arising from the salivary glands, together with follow-up data and immunohistochemical observations. There were 10 males and 2 females with an age range of 41 to 86 years (median age: 61.3 years). Most occurred in the parotid gland (10/12) with one in the palate and one in the retromolar gland. The tumors were unencapsulated and often invaded into the nearby gland, lymphatic tissues and nerves. The neoplastic cells had eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and round vesicular nuclei with prominent red nucleoli. Ultrastructural study, PTAH, and immunohistochemistry staining confirmed the presence of numerous mitochondria in the cytoplasm of oncocytes. Cellular atypia and pleomorphism varied in the current series. Double nuclei and mitoses were observed in some cases, while one case that showed mild cellular pleomorphism but had local invasion following local recurrence was also identified as an OC. Of the 11 cases with follow-up information, 7 cases had local recurrence. Regional or distant metastases were found in 6 and 4 cases, respectively. Five-year disease-specific survivals were 54.9%. In summary, OC of salivary gland origin is a high-grade tumor, often with local recurrence, regional or distant metastasis, diagnosis of which based on a combination of clinical and histopathological features. Immunohistochemistry for mitochondria is considered as a practical and helpful adjuvant diagnosis. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice while the role of radiotherapy or chemotherapy is controversial, and careful follow-up is necessary.