RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the common complications in patients in the intensive care unit. Abdominal massage may prevent the development of VAP by reducing residual gastric volume in enterally fed patients. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to review the literature on randomized controlled and quasi-experimental studies evaluating the effectiveness of abdominal massage in preventing VAP. METHODS: The PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) criteria were taken as the basis for creating the protocol of the systematic review and writing the article. The systematic review was performed using the Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL and Cochrane Library databases from December 2023 to January 2024. Studies were selected by determining inclusion and exclusion criteria according to the PICOS method. The studies were evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool for quality assessment. RESULTS: Three randomized controlled and one quasi-experimental study with a total of 225 participants met the inclusion criteria. The four studies conducted on patients in the intensive care unit showed that abdominal massage reduced VAP. The studies reported no adverse effects of abdominal massage. CONCLUSION: Promising evidence was found for the effect of abdominal massage in preventing VAP. However, scientific studies with larger samples, of higher quality, and using randomized controls and blinding methods are needed to evaluate the unknown dimensions of abdominal massage and determine its beneficial effects on patients. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Several non-pharmacological methods may decrease VAP incidence and mortality. Abdominal massage may decrease VAP incidence and mortality.
RESUMO
PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate frequency and risk factors of re-hospitalization which are not stated in comorbidity indexes in geriatric wards. METHODS: A total of 585 patients who were admitted to tertiary care geriatric inpatient clinics at least once between 1 September 2017 and 1 September 2018 and who survived to discharge during initial hospitalization were included in this cross-sectional retrospective multicenter study. RESULTS: Overall, 507(86.7%) patients were hospitalized once for treatment during the study period, while re-hospitalization occurred in 78(13.3%) patients. Rates of previous surgery (10.3 vs. 3.0%, p = .006), urinary incontinence (UI) (50.0 vs. 36.3%, p = .021), controlled hypertension (64.1 vs. 46.4%, p = .024), malnutrition (55.1 vs. 29.6%, p = .014) were significantly higher in re-hospitalized patients. Re-hospitalized patients were younger (mean ± SD 76.4 ± 8.3 vs. 79.6 ± 7.9 years, p = .002) than once-hospitalized patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed the younger patient age (OR, 0.942, 95% CI 0.910 to 0.976, p = .001), higher Modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (MCCI) score (OR, 1.368, 95% CI 1.170 to 1.600, p < .001) to significantly predict the increased risk of re-hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed that previous history of surgery and geriatric syndromes such as UI, malnutrition were determined to significantly predict the increased risk of re-hospitalization. We suggest that these risk factors be added to prognostic tools designed for elderly patients.
Assuntos
Pacientes Internados , Desnutrição , Humanos , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Envelhecimento , Hospitalização , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Retrospectivos , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Avaliação GeriátricaRESUMO
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Zirconia is a polymorphic metastable material which can react through a phase transformation from tetragonal to monoclinic when exposed to mechanical, physical, or chemical stimuli. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the fracture strength and phase structure of different high-translucency zirconia ceramics depending on the changes in sintering duration and thermocycling. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two monolithic zirconia ceramics, Katana (KAT) and NexxZr (NEX), were used to prepare disk-shaped specimens (n=66). The sintering temperature was 1500 °C, and 3 different sintering durations were tested: 1 hour, 2 hours (recommended by the manufacturer), and 3 hours. Thermocycling was applied to half the specimens. Fracture strength was calculated, and the specimens were analyzed with an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) to determine the level of the phase transformation. The normal distribution of the data was analyzed by using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Two-way ANOVA was used to compare multiple groups (α=.05). The Fisher least significant difference test was applied to identify significant differences in fracture strength. The paired-specimen t test was applied to perform intragroup comparisons. RESULTS: Sintering duration significantly affected the fracture strength of KAT (P=.007). For nonthermocycled specimens, the fracture strength of NEX was significantly higher than that of KAT (P<.001). Thermocycling had a significant effect on fracture strength depending on sintering duration and zirconia ceramic interaction (P=.046). CONCLUSIONS: The sintering duration only affected the KAT zirconia, and the fracture strength of KAT decreased when sintered for 3 hours. Thermocycling decreased the fracture strength of both zirconias, except when the sintering duration was 2 hours for NEX. The fracture strength was higher for NEX than for KAT. Tetragonal-monoclinic phase transformation was not found for either zirconia according to the XRD analysis.
Assuntos
Resistência à Flexão , Ítrio , Cerâmica/química , Materiais Dentários/química , Teste de Materiais , Propriedades de Superfície , Ítrio/química , ZircônioRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of sintering time on translucency and color of translucent zirconia ceramics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty translucent zirconia (5Y-TZP) specimens (12 × 1.6 mm, Katana (KAT) and NexxZr (NEX)) were divided into six groups (n = 10) according to sintering time; 1, 2 (specified by manufacturer-control), and 3 hs. Color differences (ΔEab) within same material when sintered using different times and between materials when same sintering time was used were calculated, as well as translucency parameters (TP) after the use of each sintering time. Data for ΔEab and TP were analyzed with two-way ANOVAs, pairwise comparisons, and Fisher's LSD Test (Post-hoc). RESULTS: When 1 or 3 h were used, color difference from the color of specimens when manufacturer-specified time (2 h) was used was similar for both KAT and NEX. ΔEab values of NEX were significantly higher than KAT when sintered for 1 or 3 h (P < 0.001). TP increased for KAT when sintered for 1 h, and was higher than NEX. TP for NEX increased when sintered for 3 h (P < 0.001), but was not significantly different than that of KAT. CONCLUSIONS: Effect of 1 or 3-h sintering on color was similar for both zirconias. For NEX, this effect resulted in greater differences from the color of specimens when manufacturer-specified time was used. Sintering for 1 h increased the translucency of KAT. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: When high translucency is desired, clinicians may prefer 1-h sintering for KAT zirconia. When lower translucency is desired, 3-h sintering for NEX can be used. However, for NEX, the color after 1- or 3-h sintering was different than the color obtained with manufacturer-specified time, and this difference may affect the final color of restoration compared to the final color when manufacturer-specified time is used.
Assuntos
Cerâmica , Zircônio , Cor , Materiais Dentários , Teste de Materiais , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
The aim of this cross-sectional study is to determine the mobile phone use, risk perception and related factors among the medical students. The study population was 1465 medical students. The dependent variable was the risk perception on mobile phones. The risk perception was assessed in three dimensions: decreased attention, physical risks and social risks. The exploratory factor analysis was used for the success of the scale, and the factor loadings were calculated using the varimax rotation method. Logistic Regression Analysis was applied to determine the factors associated with risk perception. The presented results are based on 1079 students (Access rate = 73.7%). In all dimensions of risk perception, more than half of the medical students had high risk perceptions. Female students and lower social classes had high risk perceptions. An understanding of the determinants and mobile phone utilization characteristics might help in developing effective risk communication to these subgroups.
Assuntos
Atenção , Telefone Celular , Percepção , Estudantes de Medicina/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Atitude , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Risco , Classe Social , Turquia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Infections due to carbapenem resistant pathogens have become a major health threat especially for hospitalized patients. Acinetobacter baumanii (AB) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) are important pathogens causing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) with a trend of high resistance to carbapenems. The aim of this study is to investigate the risk factors for VAP due to carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumanii (CRAB) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) in children. METHODS: Between 2009 and 2013, an active, prospective observational study was conducted in Gazi University Hospital. Patients from Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), between 1 month and 12 years of age with VAP due to AB and PA were included. RESULTS: During this period, 74 children experienced 126 VAP episodes due to Acinetobacter baumanii (N.=58) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (N.=68). Among these, 93.1% (N.=54) of AB and 51.5% (N.=35) of PA were carbapenem resistant. In univariate analysis, length of stay in PICU until the diagnosis of VAP, presence of central venous catheters, prior use of cefepime, ciprofloxacin, colistin, and teicoplanin were associated with VAP due to CRPA (P=0.02, P=0.02, P=0.006, P=0.01, P=0.001, and P=0.009 respectively). Significant association was not found between the development of VAP due to CRAB and the investigated risk factors. Regression analyses revealed previous use of cefepime (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 0.016-0.595, P=0.039) and colistin (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 0.061-0.789, P=0.023) to be independently associated with VAP due to CRPA. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that broad spectrum antibiotic usage was the most important risk factor for the development of VAP due to CRPA.
Assuntos
Infecções por Acinetobacter/epidemiologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica/epidemiologia , Infecções por Pseudomonas/epidemiologia , Acinetobacter baumannii/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Carbapenêmicos/farmacologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica/microbiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolamento & purificação , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Gender and lower socioeconomic status are associated with smoking. AIMS: This study aimed to determine the association between socioeconomic factors and cigarette tobacco smoking in Balcova, Izmir, Turkey, with a focus on gender differences. METHODS: The study population was all men and women (36 187) aged over 30 years living in Balcova from October 2007 to May 2009. Data were collected in interviews and included smoking status (current, former, never), age, gender, marital status, educational level, occupational class/working status, health insurance and having a chronic disease. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between socioeconomic characteristics and smoking status. RESULTS: Of the 36 187 study subjects, 16 080 (44%) agreed to participate and 15 174 (42%) with complete data were evaluated. The majority were women (66.2%); mean ages of men and women were 53.1 (SD 13.1) and 51.3 (SD 13.2) respectively. Current smoking was higher in men (41.7% versus 31.2% of women), and more men were ex-smokers (33.1% versus 13.5% of women) but more women had never smoked (55.3% versus 25.2% of men). For women, being married and having low educational level were associated with current smoking and previous smoking (P < 0.05). Current smoking was also more frequent among working women (P < 0.05). For men, low educational level and occupational class were associated with being a current smoker and an ex-smoker (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Socially disadvantaged groups, especially those with low education or unemployed men, were more likely to be current smokers and smoking cessation was lower in these groups. Smoking habits were different in men and women. Socioeconomic factors should always be considered when developing smoking cessation policies.
Assuntos
Fumar/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Escolaridade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estado Civil , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Turquia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: Malnutrition is one of the most important geriatric syndromes in the elderly. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between anemia and malnutrition in elderly nursing home residents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Local nursing home residents over 60 years old in the Izmir were included in the study. Blood samples were taken from study participants for hemogram, iron, ferritin, total iron-binding capacity, vitamin B12 and folic acid analysis. WHO criteria were used to define anemia. Causes of anemia were classified as iron deficiency, vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency, anemia of chronic disease or other hematologic causes. Anemia was defined as the dependent variable and malnutrition was defined as the independent variable. Correlation between MNA scores and Hb levels was determined using Pearson correlation analysis. The slope of causality between malnutrition and anemia was determined using the χ (2) test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The study included 257 elderly nursing home residents with a mean age of 78.5 ± 7.8 years. The overall prevalence of anemia was 54.9 %; 35.8 % of the study participants were at risk of malnutrition and 8.2 % were malnourished. Anemia risk was 2.12-fold higher in participants at risk of malnutrition and 5.05-fold higher in those with malnutrition. In the participants with malnutrition or malnutrition risk, the most common cause of anemia was anemia of chronic disease (57.1 and 46.5 %, respectively). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of anemia among elderly nursing home residents is high in Turkey. Malnutrition and malnutrition risk increase the incidence of anemia.
Assuntos
Anemia , Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos/estatística & dados numéricos , Desnutrição , Casas de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anemia/sangue , Anemia/diagnóstico , Anemia/epidemiologia , Doença Crônica/epidemiologia , Feminino , Avaliação Geriátrica/métodos , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Desnutrição/sangue , Desnutrição/diagnóstico , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Prevalência , Estatística como Assunto , Turquia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study analyzed the prevalence of work-related computer-user musculoskeletal discomforts, personal and computer-related risk factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey on 395 office workers was made between July-September 2015. Musculoskeletal symptoms and risk factors were evaluated for participants' demographics and job attributes on the 21-item questionnaire and the Turkish-Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire. RESULTS: Participants reported musculoskeletal symptoms in the neck (67.85%), back (66.33%), lower back (59.49%), right shoulder (45.32%) and left shoulder (43.54%) during the past week and work interference was 33.6%, 28.5%, 30.6%, 31.3% and 31.9%, respectively. Musculoskeletal discomfort risks were being male, increasing daily computer usage, feeling computer-usage discomfort, hours working at desk and having knowledge about ergonomic exercises. CONCLUSION: Musculoskeletal symptoms are common in Turkish office workers and indicated the need for more attention to musculoskeletal disorders and designing effective preventive interventions.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates have been decreasing in Turkey since the early 1990s. Our study aimed to determine how much of the CHD mortality decrease in Turkey between 1995 and 2008 could be attributed to temporal trends in major risk factors and how much to advances in medical and surgical treatments. METHODS: The validated IMPACT CHD mortality model was used to combine and analyse data on uptake and effectiveness of CHD treatments and risk factor trends in Turkey in adults aged 35-84 years between 1995 and 2008.Data sources were identified, searched and appraised on population, mortality and major CHD risk factors for adults those aged 35-84 years. Official statistics, electronic databases, national registers, surveys and published trials were screened from 1995 onwards. RESULTS: Between 1995 and 2008, coronary heart disease mortality rates in Turkey decreased by 34% in men and 28% in women 35 years and over. This resulted in 35,720 fewer deaths in 2008.Approximately 47% of this mortality decrease was attributed to treatments in individuals (including approximately 16% to secondary prevention, 3% angina treatments, 9% to heart failure treatments, 5% to initial treatments of acute myocardial infarction, and 5% to hypertension treatments) and approximately 42% was attributable to population risk factor reductions (notably blood pressure 29%; smoking 27%; and cholesterol 1%). Adverse trends were seen for obesity and diabetes (potentially increasing mortality by approximately 11% and 14% respectively). The model explained almost 90% of the mortality fall. CONCLUSION: Reduction in major cardiovascular risk factors explained approximately 42% and improvements in medical and surgical treatments explained some 47% of the CHD mortality fall. These findings emphasize the complimentary value of primary prevention and evidence-based medical treatments in controlling coronary heart disease.
Assuntos
Doença das Coronárias/mortalidade , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doença das Coronárias/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Teóricos , Mortalidade/tendências , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do Tratamento , Turquia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to measure socioeconomic inequalities in Self Assessed Health (SAH) and evaluate the determinants of such inequalities in terms of their contributions amongst the Turkish population. METHODS: We used data from the Turkish part of World Health Survey 2003 with 10,287 respondents over 18 years old. Concentration index (CI) of SAH was calculated as a measure of socioeconomic inequalities in health, and contributions of each determinant to inequality were evaluated using a decomposition method. RESULTS: In total 952 participants (9.3%) rated their health status as either bad or very bad. The CI for SAH was -0.15, suggesting that suboptimal SAH was reported more by those categorised as poor. The multiple logistic regression results indicated that having secondary, primary or less than primary school education, not being married and being in the lowest wealth quintile, significantly increased the risk of having poor SAH. The largest contributions to inequality were attributed to education level (70.7%), household economic status (9.7%) and geographical area lived in (8.4%). CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that socioeconomic inequalities measured by SAH are apparent amongst the Turkish population. Education and household wealth were the greatest contributing factors to SAH inequality. These inequalities need to be explicitly addressed and vulnerable subgroups should be targeted to reduce the socioeconomic disparities.
Assuntos
Disparidades nos Níveis de Saúde , Nível de Saúde , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Escolaridade , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Autoavaliação (Psicologia) , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Turquia/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
AIM: To determine the sustainable development awareness and related factors in nursing students. BACKGROUND: Sustainable Development Goals have an important place in nursing education. While the Sustainable Development Goals set out the determinants of health, they also provide guidance to nurses for their interventions. In this respect, it is important to determine the awareness of nursing students and to address this issue in nursing education. DESIGN: Correlational descriptive study. METHODS: A total of 199 Turkish nursing students were included in the study. Data were collected online through Google Forms between March and June 2021 by the demographic characteristics form and "Sustainable Development Awareness Scale". RESULTS: The mean age of the nursing students in the study was 20.18 ( ± 1.27) years. Students' mean score from the scale was 164.41 ( ± 15.13) points. While 63.8 % of the participants stated not hearing of the sustainable development concept before and 77.4 % of them did not know about Sustainable Development Goals. The social sustainability, environmental sustainability and total scale scores were determined to show significant differences between the genders and female participants got higher scores compared with males. Participants over the age of twenty were found to score significantly higher in the environmental sustainability sub-dimension. According to the status of thinking that there is a relationship between sustainable development and nursing, the environmental sustainability scores of the students were found to differ statistically. According to the status of wanting to get more information about Sustainable Development Goals, the economic sustainability, environmental sustainability and total scale scores of the students were found to show a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The sustainable development awareness levels of nursing students were found to be higher than the average. While more than half of the participants stated not hearing of the sustainable development concept before and three quarters of them did not know about Sustainable Development Goals. In this study, the scale total or sub-dimension scores were found to show significant differences according to gender, age, the status of thinking that there is a relationship between sustainable development and nursing and the status of wanting to get more information about Sustainable Development Goals. To mobilize future nurses, it can be suggested that SDGs be added to the curriculum, considering their knowledge and willingness.
Assuntos
Bacharelado em Enfermagem , Educação em Enfermagem , Estudantes de Enfermagem , Adolescente , Adulto , Currículo , Bacharelado em Enfermagem/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Inquéritos e Questionários , Desenvolvimento Sustentável , Adulto JovemRESUMO
ABSTRACT: New generation supraglottic airway devices are suitable for airway management in many laparoscopic surgeries. In this study, we evaluated and compared the ventilation parameters of the laryngeal mask airway-supreme (LM-S) and endotracheal tube (ETT) when a neuromuscular blocker (NMB) agent was not used during laparoscopic gynecological surgery. The second outcome was based on the evaluation of the surgical view because it may affect the surgical procedure.This was a randomized study that enrolled 100 patients between 18 and 65âyears old with an ASA I-II classification. Patients were divided into 2 groups: Group ETT and Group LM-S. Standard anesthesia and ventilation protocols were administered to patients in each group. Ventilation parameters [airway peak pressure (Ppeak), mean airway pressure (Pmean), total volume, and oropharyngeal leak pressure] were recorded before, after, and during peritoneal insufflation and before desufflation, as well as after the removal of the airway device. Perioperative surgical view quality and the adequacy of the pneumoperitoneum were also recorded.The data of 100 patients were included in the statistical analysis. The Ppeak values in Group ETT were significantly higher in the second minute after airway device insertion. The Ppeak and Pmean values in Group ETT were significantly higher before desufflation and after removal of the airway device. No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of adequacy of the pneumoperitoneum or quality of the surgical view.The results of this study showed that gynecological laparoscopies can be performed without using a NMB. Satisfactory conditions for ventilation and surgery can be achieved while sparing the use of muscle relaxants in both groups despite the Trendelenburg position and the pneumoperitoneum of the patients, which are typical for laparoscopic gynecological surgery. The results are of clinical significance because they show that the use of a muscle relaxant is unnecessary when supraglottic airways are used for these surgical procedures.
Assuntos
Manuseio das Vias Aéreas/instrumentação , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia/métodos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos em Ginecologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Decúbito Inclinado com Rebaixamento da Cabeça/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Intubação Intratraqueal/instrumentação , Intubação Intratraqueal/estatística & dados numéricos , Máscaras Laríngeas/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Bloqueadores Neuromusculares/efeitos adversos , Pneumoperitônio/epidemiologia , RespiraçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The health and social care needs of people aged ≥ 80 years are a neglected topic. AIMS: To determine the prevalence of unmet health and social care needs and associated factors in community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 80 years in Izmir District of Balçova, Turkey. METHODS: There were 1075 participants aged ≥ 80 years. The dependent variables were unmet health and social care needs. Independent variables were sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle characteristics. The data were collected in face-to-face interviews conducted at the homes and analysed by multiple logistic regression model. Ethical approval was obtained from the Non-Invasive Research Ethics Board of Dokuz Eylul University Medical Faculty (2017/26-24). RESULTS: The mean age was 84.1 (3.7) years and 61.0% were female. Healthcare needs were expressed by 88.2% of the participants and 78.9% claimed that they had social care needs. Prevalence of unmet health and social care needs was 32.5% and 46.6%, respectively. Approximately 90.0% of their needs were covered by families. Perceived low-income status was a risk factor for unmet healthcare needs, and lack of social support was a risk factor for unmet social care needs. Additionally, not receiving formal education was a protective factor in unmet social care needs. CONCLUSION: Public health policy should be developed to enable better access to care, especially for the oldest people, considering that nearly one third of the participants in this study had unmet healthcare needs and almost half had unmet social care needs.
Assuntos
Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Apoio Social , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Turquia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Background: Violence against women maintains its importance. Nursing and midwifery students should be able to identify symptoms of violence against women. Healthcare providers have received insufficient education, either before or after graduation, for identifying violence cases and for dealing with interfamilial violence against women. Aims: This study is conducted to identify nursing and midwifery students' ability to recognise symptoms of violence against women. Methods: This cross-sectional study included nursing and midwifery students attending the Ege University, School of Nursing, the Celal Bayar University, Health School of Higher Education and Health School of Izmir Atatürk (N = 557). The convenience sampling method was used. There were 114 students who declined to participate in this study as they did not want to answer questions about violence (n = 443). Results: It was determined that 94.6% of the students were knowledgeable about violence against women. The scores obtained by students from the physical symptom sub-dimension were 8.35 ± 1.65 and from the emotional symptom sub-dimension were 11.97 ± 2.19. The total scores obtained from the scale were 20.32 ± 3.14. A statistically significant difference was found between students' age, gender, nursing or midwifery section, being subjected to violence, receiving violence awareness training and reporting violence in the sub-dimensions and total scores of the scale (p < 0.05). Impact Statement: Having knowledge and self-confidence increased students' awareness in identifying the symptoms of violence. Conclusion: The participant's limited ability to identify symptoms of violence is thought to result from inadequate emphasis on violence issues in the curricula. Greater emphasis should be placed on violence issues in curricula to guide students as future health care professionals.
Assuntos
Violência Doméstica/estatística & dados numéricos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Pessoal de Saúde/educação , Tocologia/educação , Estudantes de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Avaliação de Sintomas/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Currículo , Educação em Enfermagem/organização & administração , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Tocologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Gravidez , Inquéritos e Questionários , Avaliação de Sintomas/métodos , Turquia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of falls, fear of falling (FOF) and related factors in individuals aged 80 and over living in the Balçova district of Izmir. METHODS: One thousand and seventy-five individuals aged 80 years or older participated. The dependent variables were falls and fear of falling. The independent variables were socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics, health-related characteristics and 'safety status of home' features. RESULTS: The participants' mean age was 84.1 ± 3.7 (range, 80-101) years, and 60.8% were female (n = 582). The prevalence of falls was 35.4% in the last year, and fear of falling was 86.6%. The risk factors for falls were number of chronic diseases, moderate and high fall risk, sleep disturbance and slippery bathroom floors, whilst for fear of falling they were number of chronic diseases, female gender, living alone and moderate or high fall risk. CONCLUSION: A monitoring program is indicated to address high fall and fear of falling prevalence among people aged 80 and over.
Assuntos
Acidentes por Quedas/estatística & dados numéricos , Medo , Vida Independente , Fatores Etários , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Prevalência , Turquia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and related factors in individuals aged ≥65 years living in the Bornova district of Izmir, Turkey. Sarcopenia is one of the most serious health problems among elderly individuals. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bornova district of Izmir, Turkey, between February-July 2015. This study participants were comprised of 909 individuals aged ≥65 years. The dependent variable was the presence of sarcopenia and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) approach was used for determining sarcopenia. The independent variables were socio-demographic and economic characteristics, healthy life behaviors and health status/condition. Data were collected at home through face-to-face interviews and measurements, analysed using chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The participants' mean age was 72.8±6.2 (range: 65-100) years, and 60.2% were female (n=582). The prevalence of sarcopenia was 5.2% and that of low gait speed was 41.0%, low grip strength was 57.0%, low calf circumference was 6.1% and the combination of low gait speed and low grip strength was 14.3%. Risk factors of sarcopenia included increasing age, physical inactivity, low body mass index and the presence or risk of malnutritionConclusion: The prevalence of sarcopenia was 5.2% in this population and increased with age, physical inactivity, low body mass index and the presence or risk of malnutrition.
Assuntos
Sarcopenia/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Índice de Massa Corporal , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Nível de Saúde , Estilo de Vida Saudável , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Desnutrição , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Sarcopenia/etiologia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Turquia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
This prospective study has been designed with the hypothesis that low unit price does not necessarily mean cost-effectiveness. Low-cost, domestic short peripheral catheters (SPCs) and higher-priced, imported SPCs were compared in 2 different time periods. With the use of the higher-priced, imported SPCs, the rate of successful insertion on first attempt was increased (P < .001), and the development of complications was reduced (P < .001). The study revealed that $345 was saved per 1000 catheters when the catheter with the higher unit price was chosen. Although the domestic SPCs had a low unit price, their use resulted in greater health care expenses.
Assuntos
Cateterismo Periférico/economia , Cateteres de Demora , Análise Custo-Benefício , Cateterismo Periférico/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Controle de Infecções , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , TurquiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Sarcopenia, functional disability, and depression are common problems in the elderly. Sarcopenia is associated with physical disability, functional impairment, depression, cardiometabolic diseases, and even mortality. This study aims to determine the association of sarcopenia with depression and functional status among ambulatory community-dwelling elderly aged 65 years and older. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The sample of this cross-sectional study consisted of 28,323 people, aged 65 years and older, living in Bornova, Izmir. Multi-stage sample selection was performed to reach 1007 individuals. However, 966 elderly people could be reached, and 861 elderly people who can walk were included in the study. The data were collected by the interviewers at home through face-to-face interview. RESULTS: The mean age was 72.2⯱â¯5.8 (65-100) years. The prevalence of functional disability, depressive symptoms, and sarcopenia were 21.7%, 25.2%, and 4.6%, respectively. In multivariate analysis depression was associated with sarcopenia, being illiterate and divorced, perception of the economic situation as poor/moderate, increased number of chronic diseases, and having at least one physical disability. IADL associated functional disability with sarcopenia, being illiterate/literate and female, increased age and number of medications, and the BMI. CONCLUSION: Sarcopenia in ambulatory community-dwelling elderly is significantly associated with depressive symptoms and functional disability. Elderly people at high risk of sarcopenia should be screened for functional disability and depression. Appropriate interventions should also be implemented.
Assuntos
Depressão/epidemiologia , Vida Independente , Sarcopenia/epidemiologia , Atividades Cotidianas , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , PrevalênciaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The studies have shown that metabolic syndrome (MetS) leads to an increase twice as much in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and four times as much in diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence since the second half of the 20(th) century. AIMS: This study aims to determine and discuss the prevalence of the MetS and co- factors among individuals at the age of 30 and over in Balcova district of Izmir province according to the American National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and InternationalDiabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: Data obtained from the Balcova Heart Project in Izmir were used in the study. The dependent variable of the study is MetS existence. The independent variables were socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, education level, and marital status), self-perceived economic status, physical activity, smoking status, healthy nutrition and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS: The prevalence of MetS was 36.9% according to the diagnostic criteria of IDF, while it was 27.4% according to ATP III criteria. According to the both criteria, increasing age, low education, poor economic status perception, physical inactivity, and obesity increase the risk of MetS. Apart from the IDF criteria, being female and a current smoker increase the risk of the MetS in the NCEP-ATP III. CONCLUSION: Compared to educational studies of MetS as of today, which are community and health-oriented studies, it is challenging that the prevalence of MetS was found to be high for both criteria in our study. Therefore, in particular, primary health care doctors must be prompted to protect the public against DM and CVD in particular.