Chitinophaga salinisoli sp. nov., isolated from saline soil.

A novel aerobic bacterium, designated strain LAM9153T, was isolated from a saline soil sample collected from Lingxian County, Shandong Province, China. Cells of strain LAM9153T were observed to be Gram-stain negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped. The new isolate grew optimally at 30-35 °C, pH 7.0 and 0.5% of NaCl concentration (w/v). According to the phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain LAM9153T shares high similarity with Chitinophaga terrae Gsoil 238T (96.9%) and Chitinophaga niabensis JS 13-10T (95.9%), forming a subcluster with C. terrae Gsoil 238T, Chitinophaga cymbidii R156-2T, C. niabensis JS 13-10T and Chitinophaga soli Gsoil 219T in the phylogenetic tree. The major cellular fatty acids (> 10%) were identified as iso-C15:0, iso-C17:0 3-OH and summed features 3 (C16:1 ω6c and/or C16:1 ω7c). The predominant respiratory quinone was identified as menaquinone MK-7. The polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, aminophospholipid, three unidentified aminolipids and five unidentified lipids. The genomic DNA G+C content was determined to be 53.2 ± 1.6 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain LAM9153T is concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Chitinophaga, for which the name Chitinophaga salinisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LAM9153T (= ACCC 19960T = JCM 30847T).

Arenimonas alkanexedens sp. nov., isolated from a frozen soil sample.

A novel facultatively anaerobic bacterium, designated strain LAM-WHM-D11T, was isolated from a frozen soil sample of China. Cells of strain LAM-WHM-D11T were observed to be Gram-stain negative, non-motile and rod-shaped. Colonies were yellowish, and circular with convex shape. Strain LAM-WHM-D11T was found to be able to grow at 4-40 °C (optimum 15 °C), pH 7.5-2.0 (optimum 9.5) and 0-2.5% NaCl (w/v) (optimum 1.5%). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity analysis showed that strain LAM-WHM-D11T is closely related to Arenimonas metalli CF5-1T (98.0%), Arenimonas aquaticum NA-09T (97.9%), Arenimonas donghaensis HO3-R19T (95.6%) and Arenimonas aestuarii S2-21T (95.3%). The DNA-DNA hybridization values between the isolate and A. metalli CGMCC 1.10787T, A. aquaticum KACC 14663T, A. donghaensis KACC 11381T were 41.0 ± 1.7, 44.7 ± 1.4 and 42.8 ± 1.2%, respectively. The genomic DNA G+C content was found to be 66.5 mol% as determined by the T m method. The major cellular fatty acids were identified as iso-C15:0 and iso-C16:0. The major isoprenoid quinone was identified as ubiquinone 8 (Q-8). The major polar lipids were found to be diphosphatidyglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, two phospholipids and five unidentified lipids. Based on the phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain LAM-WHM-D11T is concluded to represent a novel species within the genus Arenimonas, for which the name Arenimonas alkanexedens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LAM-WHM-D11T (ACCC 19750T = JCM 30464T).

Alicyclobacillus fodiniaquatilis sp. nov., isolated from acid mine water.

Two novel, Gram-stain-variable, moderately thermophilic, acidophilic, rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacteria, G45-16T and G45-17, were isolated from acid mine water of Zijin copper mine in Fujian Province, China. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they were closely related to Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris ATCC 49025T with sequence similarities of 96.8 %. Cells grew aerobically at 20-45 °C (optimum, 40 °C), at pH 2.5-5.5(optimum, pH 3.5) and in the presence of 0-4.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Strains contained MK-7 as the major menaquinone and the major cellular fatty acids were ω-cyclohexane C19 : 0 and ω-cyclohexane C17 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 51.3 and 49.8 mol% (Tm) for G45-16T and G45-17, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic comparisons with their relatives and DNA-DNA relatedness values, it is concluded that strains G45-16T and G45-17 represent a novel species within the genus Alicyclobacillus, for which the name Alicyclobacillus fodiniaquatilis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is G45-16T(=CGMCC 1.15049T=NBRC 111483T).

miR-146a G>C polymorphisms and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese population.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are thought to have a role in cancer development. We investigated the association among miR-146a G>C genetic variations, hepatitis B (HBV), and C (HCV) infection, and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unconditional logistical regression analysis suggested that the miR-146a GG genotype and G allele carried a 2.10- (95 % confidence interval (CI)=1.03-4.37) and 1.42-fold (95 % CI=1.07-1.92) increased HCC risk, respectively. HBV-positive subjects carrying the miR-146a GG genotype (odds ratio (OR)=2.95, 95 % CI=1.31-6.81) and G allele (OR=1.65, 95 % CI=1.15-2.58) had an increased risk of HCC. However, the miR-146a GG genotype and G allele did not carry a significantly enhanced risk of HCC in either hepatitis-negative or HCV-infected subjects. miR-146a G>C polymorphisms appear to influence susceptibility to HCC, especially in HBV-infected patients.

3-(1,3-Dithio-lan-2-yl-idene)-1-(4-meth-oxy-phen-yl)pyridine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione.

In the title compound, C(15)H(13)NO(3)S(2), the dithiol-ane ring adopts a twisted conformation. The mol-ecule exhibits a V-shaped conformation, with a dihedral angle of 79.05 (7)° between the benzene ring and the pyridine ring. In the crystal, C-H⋯O inter-actions are observed.

Alterations of Sphingolipid Metabolism in Different Types of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

The roles of sphingolipids in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the sphingolipid characteristics for different types of PCOS using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). A total of 107 women with PCOS and 37 healthy women as normal controls were studied. PCOS patients were further classified into non-obesity with insulin resistance (IR) (NOIR), obesity with IR (OIR), and non-obesity and non-IR (NIR) subgroups. A total of 87 serum sphingolipids, including 9 sphingosines, 3 sphinganines, 1 sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), 19 ceramides (Cers), 1 ceramide-1-phosphate, 44 sphingomyelins (SMs), 4 hexosylceramides, and 6 lactosylceramides (LacCers) were analyzed using an improved sphingolipidomic approach based on LC-MS. Notable elevations in the levels of S1P, Cer, and SM were observed in PCOS patients when compared with healthy women, and SM species with long saturated acyl chains showed potential as novel biomarkers of PCOS. In addition, the level of LacCer was only elevated in NIR, and there was almost no change in NOIR and OIR. This study is the first to report the comprehensive sphingolipidomic profiling of different subgroups of PCOS with or without IR or obesity and suggests that serum sphingolipids might be useful as diagnostic biomarkers for different types of PCOS.

Improved virtual gyroscope technology based on "current" probability density model.

Aiming at low precision of a micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) gyroscope, the virtual gyroscope technology is used to fuse the data of several MEMS gyroscopes. In traditional virtual gyroscope technology, the angular acceleration of maneuver is modeled as white noise, which leads to low fusion accuracy in the dynamic state. So, the "current" probability density model is introduced to model the maneuvering angular rate accurately. The one-step predictive value of angular acceleration is approximated to the mean value of the current angular acceleration. And the variance of the angular acceleration is modeled by the one-step predictive value of angular acceleration. So, the "current" probability density model is used to realize the adaptive adjustment of the mean and variance of maneuvering angular acceleration, which improves the modeling accuracy of the maneuvering angular rate and the compensation accuracy of virtual gyroscope technology. The improved virtual gyroscope fusion method is verified in a low frequency, high frequency maneuver test. The experimental results show that the 1σ standard deviation of the improved virtual gyroscope fusion error is 6.53 times lower than that of the single gyroscope static drift at low frequency and 2.04 times lower than that of the single gyroscope static drift at high frequency.