Adenomyoepithelioma of the Breast: A Case Report.

Adenomyoepithelioma (AME) is an uncommon breast tumor distinguished by the presence of both epithelial and myoepithelial cell proliferation. It often presents clinically as a well-circumscribed, non-painful mass, although it can also be asymptomatic and discovered incidentally during imaging. This case report describes a 32-year-old woman with a tumor that progressively increased in size. It was initially assessed as a fibroadenoma based on ultrasonography and MRI, as the patient declined to undergo a core needle biopsy. The tumor poses significant diagnostic challenges due to its diverse imaging characteristics, necessitating a core needle biopsy for initial identification. There is also considerable variability within different regions of the same tumor, and surgical removal is typically recommended for most cases of AME. Most AMEs are benign, but they have the potential for local recurrence after surgical excision and, in rare cases, can become malignant. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate management can be achieved through clinical suspicion during examination, combined with the use of radiological techniques and histopathological analysis.

Thioredoxin-1, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand-9 and interferon-γ expression in the neoplastic cells and macrophages of Hodgkin lymphoma: clinicopathologic correlations and potential prognostic implications.

Expression of thioredoxin-1 (TXN) and CXCL9 is not restricted to THRLBCL macrophages, but may be observed in histiocytes and neoplastic (HRS) cells of EBV + mixed cellularity (MC) classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and nodular lymphocyte predominant HL. We aimed to validate and extend the above observations in 174 cHL patients evaluating the immunohistochemical expression of TXN, CXCL9 and IFN-γ. HRS-cell CXCL9 expression was higher in latent membrane protein-1 (LMP1)+, MC and Stage IV. TXN and CXCL9 expression by cHL histiocytes was more frequent in LMP1+, MC and older patients (only for CXCL9). TXN expression by HRS cells (≥80%) was independently associated with better failure-free survival. In conclusion, markers of TCHRLBCL histiocytes (TXN, CXCL9), as well as IFN-γ are also expressed by histiocyte subsets and neoplastic cells of cHL. The expression of some of them is more prominent in EBV + MC, but not restricted to this subtype. The prognostic implication of TXN needs further evaluation.