Ovarian alterations in wild northern pike Esox lucius females.

The aim of the present study was to analyse the occurrence of macroscopically visible ovary alterations in 2 populations of northern pike Esox lucius L. originating from lakes in the Mazurian Lake District (NE Poland). The alterations were characterised by ovary tissue that was morphologically malformed, in part or in whole, and contained immature oocytes, i.e. trophoplastic or previtellogenic oocytes instead of vitellogenic oocytes. These alterations were found only in the ovaries, and no morphological alterations of the testes were noted. Macroscopic and histological analyses were carried out in order to classify the observed alterations in the ovaries. Three types of alterations were identified in which morphological malformations as well as histological investigation of the ovaries were considered. An analysis of the size and age of the fish in relation to the occurrence of alterations as well as of the macroscopic and histological nature of the alteration types was made. The data obtained revealed no lake or age dependency of the observed alterations. Based on the results obtained, we suggest that the presence of endocrine disruptors in the environment or/and genetic factors could be responsible for these kinds of gonad anomalies. However, our results did not allow us to determine the aetiology of the alterations.

Gyrodactylus proterorhini Ergens, 1967 (Monogenoidea, Gyrodactylidae) in gobiids from the Vistula River--the first record of the parasite in Poland.

During a parasitological survey of two non-native fish species-racer goby Neogobius gymnotrachelus and monkey goby Neogobius fluviatilis-in the Wloclawek Reservoir on the lower Vistula River, the monogenean Gyrodactylus proterorhini was recorded for the first time in Poland, and for the first time, the racer goby was listed as the parasite host. Specimens of G. proterorhini were detected on body surface, fins, and gills of the fish studied. In 2006, the monkey goby was infected with the prevalence 41%, racer goby with the prevalence of 47%, at maximal intensity of 6 and 9 parasites per fish, (respectively). The infection level in relation to the fish size and sampling season was also discussed. The presented study supports the hypothesis of progressive introduction of the parasite with gobiids to the colonized areas.

Comparison of hamstring and patellar tendon grafts in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A prospective randomized study.

Objective This prospective randomized study was performed to compare the outcomes of two operative methods of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction based on either bone-patellar tendon-bone (BTB) grafts or hamstring tendon (HT) grafts. Methods Among 100 patients, 96 completed the full follow-up period and were included in the final analysis (48 in the BTB group and 48 in the HT group). The patients were evaluated preoperatively and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after ACL reconstruction. The Kujala score, Tegner score, and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) were among the parameters used to evaluate the patients. Results Both groups were comparable in terms of sex, age, and body mass index. None of the analyzed scores were significantly different between the BTB and HT groups at either the initial or last visit. Both groups demonstrated improvement at the 12-year follow-up according to the Kujala score and most categories of the KOOS. The Tegner activity level score showed significant improvement in the HT but not BTB group. Conclusion Patients undergoing ACL reconstruction with BTB and HT grafts show comparable improvement in functional results after 1 year of rehabilitation.

Return to motor activity after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction--pilot study.

Background. Reconstruction surgery is the most frequent treatment for patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) lesions. The goal of the study was to present patients' subjective evaluation of their return to motor activity after ACL reconstruction and investigate whether and what demographic or clinical factors determine the recovery of physical function of ACL reconstruction patients. Material and methods. The study involved a group of fifty (50) patients who underwent ACL reconstruction. The mean age of patients was 32 years. A questionnaire was used to collect data from the patients. The first part of the questionnaire was concerned with personal and clinical data, while the second part was the KOOS form. Results. The incidence of unfavourable, post-operative symptoms was lower in elderly patients, as well as in those with longer periods between injury and reconstruction. The patients in whom the patellar ligament was used for the reconstruction demonstrated better outcomes as regards returning to sports and recreational activity than those in whom flexor tendons were used. The patients who returned to practising a sport reported more pain episodes and problems with daily and sports activities. Their quality of life was inferior to those who did not return to unrestricted sports activity. Conclusions. 1. Neither sex nor BMI has any statistically significant effect on the recovery of mobility after ACL reconstruction. 2. ACL reconstruction with a graft harvested from the central band of the patellar ligament appears to be more appropriate for patients willing to return to full sports and recreational activity. 3. It is better to carry our ACL reconstruction when normal knee joint function has been regained and injury-related symptoms have subsided.

Siting stability in skeletally mature patients with scoliosis and myelomeningocele.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to assess the influence of sitting stability in skeletally mature patients on their quality of life and general physical function. We also aimed to assess the relationship between sitting balance and the severity of scoliosis or other disorders of individuals with myelomeningocoele. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The prospective study enrolled 19 patients with a mean age of 21.4 years (min. 13 years). Patients treated operatively for spinal deformity were excluded from the study. Different aspects of the quality of life were assessed with several questionnaires serving to measure overall quality of life, general physical function, self-perception and self-motivation as well as dysfunction related to spine deformity. Walking ability was assessed according to the Hoffer classification and the level of motor neuron injury was evaluated with the International Myelodysplasia Study Protocol. RESULTS: Statistical analysis showed that sitting stability assessed by examiners or parents positively correlated with overall quality of life, general physical function, pelvic obliquity measured by Osebold method, and the level of motor spine dysfunction. It was not related to self-perception and self-motivation of patients. There was no statistical correlation between sitting balance and the Cobb angle, walking ability, presence of pressure sores and age. CONCLUSIONS: The value of the Cobb angle is not a good indicator of sitting balance in patients with scoliosis and myelomeningocoele. Stabile sitting is related to better overall quality of life and physical function.

Comparative evaluation of the direct analgesic efficacy of selected physiotherapeutic methods in subjects with knee joint degenerative disease - preliminary report.

BACKGROUND: The goals of the study were to evaluate the efficacy of two physiotherapeutic procedures: low energy laser therapy and low frequency transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) and to compare these modalities with regard to their therapeutic effects in patients with knee osteoarthritis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty (50) subjects were enrolled into the study and divided into two groups of 25 subjects. Group A received 10 MLS laser therapy sessions with a synchronised laser beam at doses of 12 J per treated site. Group B received ten sessions of low frequency TENS. The procedures were carried out every day for two weeks (5 times a week). All patients completed a personal data questionnaire and underwent an examination of knee joint motion range and circumference. Subjective pain intensity was assessed using the VAS pain scale and the modified Laitinen questionnaire. RESULTS: An analysis of the results of the treatment demonstrated statistically significant pain reduction in both groups. This improvement was significantly higher in the two-phase laser therapy group vs. the LF-TENS group. No statistically significant improvement was noted in either of the groups regarding the knee joint range of motion. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Synchronised laser beam (MLS) therapy and low-frequency TENS contribute to direct pain relief effects in subjects with knee osteoarthritis. 2. The study confirmed better analgesic effects of two-phase laser therapy vs. LF-TENS.