[The behavior of the lower front teeth after systematic extraction of the upper premolars]. / Das Verhalten unterer Frontzähne nach systematischer Extraktion oberer Prämolaren

Narrowly spaced frontal teeth in the lower jaw have been the object of repeated discussions in the orthodontic literature. There are a number of factors which either directly or indirectly cause the space between frontal teeth in the lower jaw to become narrower and narrower in the course of life. The purpose of the present work was to find out whether orthodontically indicated extraction of premolare in the upper jaw may, in the case of distal occlusion, result in the space between front teeth in the lower jaw becoming narrower and narrower.

[A contribution to the problem of reducing the size of the tongue for orthodontic purposes]. / Ein Beitrag zur Frage der Zungenverkleinerung aus kieferorthopädischer Indikation

After a summary of the theoretic basis for the indication of an operative reduction of the tongue by the therapy of malocclusion, the results of the tests were individually analysed. A sure influence of the reduction of the tongue can only be proved for the averting of a threatening relapse after an operation of progenia. The ability of speech stayed without any influence in 12 cases and in 3 cases it got better or worse. The numerous late sequels in form and function of the tongue make it necessary to be carefully in indication of the reduction of the tongue by the therapy of malocclusion.

[Clinical experiences using modified Schwarz double plates]. / Praktische Erfahrungen bei der Behandlung mit modifizierten Schwarzschen Doppelplatten.

The efficiency of supported double plates according to A.M. Schwarz in the treatment of patients with distocclusion is well-known. When using these appliances we prefer the following procedure: First maxillary and mandibular dentition are treated separately with biomechanically active plates. Then the mandible is adjusted to the normal occlusion but not before the eruption of the first premolars. We attach great importance to the motivation of parents as well as patients for a 12-week intensive co-operation. During this period the patient is expected to wear the appliance 16 to 17 hours per day. It is not necessary for the patient to wear the double-plates at school. The modification of our double plates consists in a U-shaped "Vorbissbügel" (a guidance for protrusive occlusion) with an adequate frontal inclined plan at the mandibular plate.

[The morphological relations of eugnathia and class-II/1 and class-III malocclusions to the changes in the topography of the cervical spine in the lateral teleroentgenogram]. / Morphologische Verknüpfungen von Eugnathien, Gebissanomalien der Klasse II/1 und Klasse III mit Veränderungen der Topographie der Halswirbelsäule im Fernröntgenseitenbild.

Relations are discussed between malocclusions and changes of the vertebral spine. It was the aim of our investigations to disclose the causal relations between changes of the position of the cervical spine and class-II/1 anomalies (49 patients), class-III anomalies (28 patients), and eugnathic maxillary conditions (50 children). 127 lateral cephalograms of the untreated 63 boys and 64 girls at the age from six to 13 years were evaluated according to 24 orthodontic and 25 orthopedic characteristics. Patients with class-II/1 anomalies and class-III anomalies showed the tendency to strongly marked lordosis of the cervical spine. The basal angles nasion-tuberculum sellae-opisthion, nasion-tuberculum sellae-basion, and nasion-dorsum sellae-basion were enlarged in class-II/1 cases and reduced in class-III cases. It could not pointed out relations between the sagittal position of the jaws and the position of the atlas; there was no existing a specific bearing of the head within the various groups.

[The etiology of hypodontia]. / Beitrag zur Atiologie der Zahnunterzahl.

Subject of our research were etiology and frequency of hypodontia and the possible effects of hypodontia on correct formation of dental arches in the course of dentition development. Methodologically the diagnostic records of 3238 patients of an orthodontic practice in Magdeburg, Germany, were evaluated. In addition to determining the frequency of hypodontia (8.1%), special attention was paid to accompanying micro-symptoms. 169 family members of 35 patients with teeth aplasia were questioned and examined and then extended family tables were drawn up. In addition, 105 dental casts from both patients with aplasia and patients with full dentition were measured. The results thus obtained made possible a comparison of the teeth and jaw size of the group with hypodontia with the group without hypodontia.

[Results of cephalometric-anthropometric measurements of the nasal profile of patients with ClassII/1 anomalies]. / Ergebnisse fernröntgenologisch-anthropometrischer Vermessungen des Nasenprofils bei Patienten mit KlasseII/1-Anomalien.

Appropriating to a study of literature about norm values for the judgement of nasal profils we investigated with the help of a metric analysis by 100 patients with Angle-Class II/1-anomalies mean values of the lengths of the darsum and the base of the nose, the distance Glabella-Pogonion, the naso-labial angle, the naso-frontal angle, and the naso-mental angle. Norm values and existing values of girls and boys with Class II/1-anomalies were compared and allowed conclusions to the development of the nasal profile.