Five new species of Culicoides Latreille described from Colombia, yielding a new species list and country records (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae).

The following five new species of Culicoides from Colombia are described, illustrated and placed to subgenus or species group: Culicoides antioquiensis, Culicoides gabrieli, Culicoides inermis, Culicoides micayensis and Culicoides nigrifemur. C. gabrieli is also known from Peru. When possible, their position in previously published keys is indicated and their features discussed in light of the most recent revisions. A list of 180 Culicoides species known (114) or suspected of being in Colombia (66) is given in a Table. Of these, 12 including the new species are recorded from Colombia for the first time.

Sonophotocatalytic oxidation of elemental sulphur on titanium dioxide.

The effect of ultrasound on the photocatalytic oxidation kinetics of elemental sulphur particles catalyzed by titanium dioxide was studied using a conductivity method to follow the reaction. The simultaneous use of photocatalyst and ultrasound have a positive effect on the reaction. The zero-order oxidation rate constant of sulphur, reached after an activation period of approximately 150 min, was about 20 times higher when the reactor was sonicated, using an ultrasonic processor of 30 kHz, compared to the rate found in its absence. Finally, when the amount of sulphur is changed in the reactor, saturation kinetics seems to be the most appropriate model to describe the oxidation process in the presence of ultrasound and, in the other hand, when titanium dioxide was increased, a maximum rate was achieved when 0.56 g/L TiO2 were used.

Five new species of Culicoides Latreille described from Colombia, yielding a new species list and country records (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

The following five new species of Culicoides from Colombia are described, illustrated and placed to subgenus or species group: Culicoides antioquiensis, Culicoides gabrieli, Culicoides inermis, Culicoides micayensis and Culicoides nigrifemur. C. gabrieli is also known from Peru. When possible, their position in previously published keys is indicated and their features discussed in light of the most recent revisions. A list of 180 Culicoides species known (114) or suspected of being in Colombia (66) is given in a Table. Of these, 12 including the new species are recorded from Colombia for the first time.

Síntesis y estuiio teórico dft de compuestos deru(ii) con ligantes ferroceníliicos para aplicaciones electroquímicas / Synthesis ad theeoretical dft study of ru(i) complexes with ferrocenylic lligands for electrochemical applicatinss / Sintese eestudo teórico dft de compostosde ru(ii) com ligantes ferrocennilicos para aplicação eletroquímica

En esta comunicación se reporta la síntesis y caracterización de nuevos compuestos de rutenio(II) con ligantes ferrocenílicos y/o fosfínicos de fórmula general: [RuCl2(PP)(NN)], donde PP = 1,1'-bis (difenilfosfina)ferroceno (dppf) ó 1,2-bis (difenilfosfina)etano (dppe); NN = 3,3'- dicarboxi-2,2'-bipiridina (3,3'-dcbpy) ó 2,2'-bipiridina (bpy). El estudio teórico DFT de estos compuestos permitió racionalizar algunos resultados experimentales y a la vez dio indicios teóricos de que compuestos de Ru(II) con ligantes ferrocenílicos tienen ciertas propiedades para utilizarlos como fotosensibilizadores en celdas solares sensibilizadas mediante colorantes (CSSC). La caracterización de los ligantes y de los complejos de rutenio( II) se realizó por 1 H-RMN y 31P - RMN, UV-Vis, IR, voltametría cíclica y diferencial de pulso.

Novel ruthenium(II) complexes with ferrocenylic and/or phosphinic ligands of the type [RuCl2(PP)(NN)], with PP = 1,1'- bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf) or 1,2-dipheylphospinoethane (dppe) and NN = 3,3'-dicarboxyl- 2,2'-bipyridine (3,3'- dcbpy) or 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) were synthesized and characterized. DFT studies of these compounds allowed to explain some experimental aspects, leading to a theoretical design of modified Ru(II) ferrocenylic complexes in order to be used as a dye for Photosensitized Solar Cells. The ligands and the complexes were characterized by 1H y 31P - NMR, UV-Vis, IR and Cyclic and differential pulse voltammetries.

Nesta comunicação reporta-se a síntese e caracterização de novos compostos de rutênio(II) com ligantes ferrocenílicos e/ou fosfínicos de fórmula geral: [RuCl2 (PP)(NN)], onde PP = 1,1'-bis (difenilfosfina) ferroceno (dppf) ou 1,2-bis(difenilfosfina) etano (dppe); NN = 3,3'-dicarboxi- 2,2'-bipiridina (3,3'-dcbpy) ou 2,2'-bipiridina (bpy). O estudo teórico DFT destes compostos permitia racionalizar alguns resultados experimentais e, ao mesmo tempo, deu indicações teóricas de que compostos de Ru(II) com ligantes ferrocenílicos têm umas propriedades para utilizar-se como fotosensivilizadores em Células Solares Sensibilizadas diante Colorantes (CSSC). A caracterização dos ligantes e dos complexos de rutênio(II) foi por 1H-RMN e 31P-RMN, UV-Vis, voltametria cíclica e diferencial de pulso.

Anofelinos de Cordoba (Buenaventura, Colombia) / Anophelines from Cordoba (Buenaventura, Colombia)

En Cordoba, corregimiento de Buenaventura (Valle), en la region de la Costa del Pacifico, donde hay un foco de malaria endemica, se estudiaron los mosquitos para conocer los anofelinos presentes y su papel en la transmision de la enfermedad. Las investigaciones se efectuaron mediante capturas con cebo humano, tanto dentro de los domicilios como en el peridomicilio. Tambien se hicieron capturas con cebo animal en una trampa-establo. Se encontraron 6 generos de mosquitos, ademas de Anopheles. De estos se reconocieron 9 especies y de ellas 4 (A. evansi, A. oswaldoi, A. rangeli y A. atrodei) constituyen nuevos registros para el Valle del Cauca. A. nuneztovari fue el mas abundante (48.0%) en las capturas con cebo humano, mientras A. apicimacula tuvo el primer lugar (98.3%) entre los que se capturaron en la trampa-establo. Se discuten e ilustran las variaciones en la densidad de poblacion para los anofelinos obtenidos con mayor frecuencia. No se pudo comprobar cuales especies transmiten la malaria en Cordoba, pues las disecciones de estomagos y glandulas salivales de casi 200 anofelinos capturados con cebo humano fueron negativas