Optical and spin-selective time-of-flight measurement of light-induced desorption of Rb from Fe[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text] surfaces.

Light-induced desorption of Rb atoms from a ferrimagnetic Fe[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text](001) surface was studied using a spin-selective optical method, which provides information on the spin polarization, velocity distribution, and amount of the desorbed atoms. The results showed that the intensity of the desorption of Rb from Fe[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text](001) induced by ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation was smaller than the detection limit at coverages lower than the threshold coverage at which the desorption rate began to increase. Moreover, the average magnetic quantum number of the desorbed atoms was smaller than that of electrons at the Fermi level of the Fe[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text](001) surface. These indicate that the light-induced desorption of Rb from an Fe[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text](001) surface occurs only in the high-coverage region in which the desorbing atoms are not in contact with the Fe[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text] surface, and that the desorption does not involve spin transfer.

Correlations between clinical parameters in implant maintenance patients: analysis among healthy and history-of-periodontitis groups.

BACKGROUND: The pathophysiology and pathology of peri-implantitis remain unclear; however, its similarity to periodontitis has been described. The evaluation of peri-implant tissue and the diagnostic criteria of peri-implant disease are not currently standardized as they are for periodontitis. In this study, we evaluated clinical parameters during the implant maintenance period to determine significant correlations between these parameters. METHODS: We examined 55 implant patients at the time of maintenance visits between April and September 2016 and classified patients into a healthy group (H) and a history-of-periodontitis group (HP). For each implant, we evaluated the modified plaque index, probing pocket depth, and bleeding on probing as clinical parameters. Statistical analyses were performed with Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS: A total of 130 implants were assessed. The mean time since implant placement was 6 years and 6 months. The prevalence of implant-based peri-implantitis was 10.8% of all the implants. All cases of implant-based peri-implantitis came from the HP group, and many were present in patients with a history of severe periodontitis. The probing pocket depth around the implant was significantly greater in the HP group than in the H group. We found weak positive correlations between the probing pocket depth and bleeding on probing (r s  = 0.401, p < 0.05) in the H group and between the probing pocket depth and bleeding on probing (r s  = 0.241, p < 0.05) and the modified plaque index (r s  = 0.228, p < 0.05) in the HP group. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that probing pocket depth and bleeding on probing as clinical parameters are important indicators for the diagnosis of peri-implant disease during the maintenance period among healthy and history-of-periodontitis groups.

Interaction of RNA with a C-terminal fragment of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated TDP43 reduces cytotoxicity.

A hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating neurodegenerative disease, is formation of inclusion bodies (IBs) from misfolded proteins in neuronal cells. TAR RNA/DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP43) is an ALS-causative protein forming IBs in ALS patients. The relation between localization of the IBs and neurotoxicity remains largely unknown. We characterized aggregation of fluorescently tagged TDP43 and its carboxyl-terminal fragments (CTFs) by analytical fluorescence imaging techniques. Quantitative time-lapse analysis in individual live cells showed that fluorescent-protein-tagged TDP43 was cleaved and a 35 kDa TDP43 CTF (TDP35) formed ubiquitin (Ub)-negative cytoplasmic IBs. Although TDP35 formed mildly toxic Ub-negative IBs in the cytoplasm, TDP25, another type of a TDP43 CTF, efficiently formed sufficiently toxic Ub-positive IBs. One- or two-color fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS/FCCS) revealed that coaggregation of TDP25 with TDP43 was initiated by depletion of the RNA that binds to TDP25. Moreover, nuclear localization tagging TDP25 reduced the rate of neuronal cell death. These observations point to the need to elucidate the novel sequestration mechanism and details of the toxicity of the misfolded and aggregation-prone TDP43 CTFs (as well as the RNA binding and nuclear retention) in order to identify possible preventive interventions against ALS.

Effect of rinsing hydrocolloid impressions using acidic electrolyzed water on surface roughness and surface hardness of stone models.

The present study investigated the effect on the surface quality of resultant stone models of rinsing hydrocolloid impressions using acidic electrolyzed water. Two brands of alginate impression materials (Aroma Fine DFIII, Jeltrate Plus), an agar impression material (Ajisai) designed for agar/alginate combined impression, and dental stone (New Plastone) were used to make the test specimens. For the rinsing of impressions, acidic electrolyzed water having a pH value of 2.3, an oxidation-reduction potential of 1,230 mV, and a residual chlorine concentration of 45.0 ppm, was prepared. Alginate, agar and agar/alginate combined impressions were rinsed using acidic electrolyzed water or tap water for 30 sec and 3 min, and as a control, these impressions were not rinsed with any water. Disk-shaped stone specimens obtained from rinsed impressions were evaluated with respect to surface roughness (Ra) and surface hardness (scratch depth), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations were performed. The stone specimens obtained from rinsed impressions using acidic electrolyzed water showed a surface quality equivalent to that of the stone specimens obtained from the rinsed impression using tap water. This result suggests that the use of acidic electrolyzed water for rinsing is an acceptable treatment for hydrocolloid impressions, so long as the rinsing time is from 30 sec to 3 min.

Effect of rinsing alginate impressions using acidic electrolyzed water on dimensional change and deformation of stone models.

This study investigated the effect of rinsing alginate impressions using acidic electrolyzed water on the dimensional change and deformation of stone models. Two brands of alginate impression materials were used. The impressions were rinsed using tap water or acidic electrolyzed water with a pH of 2.3, an oxidation-reduction potential of 1,230 mV, and a residual chlorine concentration of 45.0 ppm for 30 sec or 3 min. The sectional profiles of the stone models obtained from them were measured using a three-dimensional coordinate measuring system. For the same rinsing time, there was no significant difference in dimensional change between the two types of rinsing water. The change in shape from the master die was approximately the same for the stone models obtained from rinsed impressions using either water. The results suggest that the use of acidic electrolyzed water rather than tap water for rinsing is an acceptable treatment for alginate impressions.