Proteins involved in building, maintaining and remodeling of yeast cell walls.

The cell wall defines the shape and provides osmotic stability to the yeast cell. It also serves to anchor proteins required for communication of the yeast cell with surrounding molecules and other cells. It is synthesized as a complex structure with ß-1,3-glucan chains forming the basic network to which ß-1,6-glucan, chitin and a number of mannoproteins are attached. Synthesis, maintaining and remodeling of this complex structure require a set of different synthases, hydrolases and transglycosidases whose concerted activities provide necessary firmness but at the same time flexibility of the wall moiety. The present state of comprehension of the interplay of these proteins in the yeast cell wall is the subject of this article.