RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Trends in the prevalence of eczema in the course of childhood and adolescence are not clear although often a net remission during childhood is assumed. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the dynamics of change in eczema from 1 to 18 years in a prospective study and to understand the influence of gender and atopy. METHODS: Detailed information regarding eczema were collected at ages 1, 2, 4, 10 and 18 years from the 1989 Isle of Wight birth cohort (n=1456). Skin prick testing was performed at 4, 10 and 18 years of age. The 12-month period prevalence, positive and negative transitions (defined as change in disease status in two consecutive study assessments) were stratified by gender and atopic status. RESULTS: The period prevalence of eczema from birth to 18 years of age remained relatively constant (11.9-14.2%) with minimal remission. Up to 10 years of age, gender did not influence prevalence. From 10 to 18 years, eczema became more prevalent among girls (16.3% for girls vs. 8.3% for boys, P<0.001) as a result of a greater positive transition in girls (9.4% for girls vs. 4.3% for boys, P=0.001) and greater negative transition in boys (65.4% for boys vs. 50% for girls, P=0.04). The higher positive transition of eczema in girls was most pronounced for non-atopic eczema (5.9% for girls vs. 1.5% for boys, P=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: We found only a minimal reduction in the prevalence of eczema during childhood and adolescence. During adolescence, more girls develop eczema and more boys outgrow it suggesting a role for gender-specific pubertal factors.
Assuntos
Dermatite Atópica/epidemiologia , Eczema/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Inglaterra/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Prevalência , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
A novel gene, brd1, has been cloned from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The predicted brd1 product contains two copies of an imperfect repeat of 96 amino acid residues in its N-terminal half. These each include a region with high homology to the bromodomains found in transcriptional activator proteins from a diversity of eukaryotes. An in vivo deletion of the complete brd1 open reading frame is not lethal but cells exhibit thermosensitivity, with reductions in both cell growth and stationary phase survival at 36 degrees C. brd1 maps adjacent to the gene suc1, but is expressed separately to give a low abundance 2.1 kb mRNA.
Assuntos
Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Genes Fúngicos , Proteínas de Schizosaccharomyces pombe , Schizosaccharomyces/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Sítios de Ligação , Mapeamento Cromossômico , DNA Fúngico , Proteínas Fúngicas/metabolismo , Deleção de Genes , Regulação Fúngica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Fases de Leitura Aberta , RNA Mensageiro , Schizosaccharomyces/metabolismo , Homologia de Sequência de AminoácidosRESUMO
The fission yeast cdc23 gene is required for correct DNA replication: cdc23 mutants show reduced rates of DNA synthesis and become elongated after cell-cycle arrest. We have cloned the Schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc23 gene by complementation of the temperature-sensitive phenotype of cdc23-M36 and confirmed the identity of the gene by integrative mapping. Analysis of the DNA sequence reveals that cdc23 can encode a protein of 593 amino acids (Mr=67 kDa) with 22% overall identity and many structural homologies with the product of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA43 (MCM10) gene which is required for correct initiation of DNA synthesis at chromosomal origins of replication. Construction of a cdc23 null allele has established that the cdc23 gene is essential for viability, with cdc23 deletion mutant spores germinating but undergoing arrest with undivided nuclei in the first or second cell cycle. The S. pombe cdc23 gene on an expression plasmid is able to complement the S. cerevisiae dna43-1 mutant. These structural and functional homologies between two distantly related species suggest that cdc23 and DNA43 may represent genes for a conserved essential eukaryotic DNA replication function.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/química , Replicação do DNA/genética , Proteínas Fúngicas/química , Proteínas de Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética , Proteínas de Schizosaccharomyces pombe , Schizosaccharomyces/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Ciclossomo-Complexo Promotor de Anáfase , Subunidade Apc8 do Ciclossomo-Complexo Promotor de Anáfase , Proteínas Cromossômicas não Histona , Clonagem Molecular , Genes Fúngicos/genética , Teste de Complementação Genética , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Proteínas de Manutenção de Minicromossomo , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Mutação/genética , Fenótipo , Mapeamento por Restrição , Alinhamento de Sequência , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Deleção de Sequência/genética , Complexos Ubiquitina-Proteína LigaseRESUMO
Families segregating for deficiency of the H alpha-2-L-fucosyltransferase, FUT1, have been investigated for linkage between FUT1 and other markers on chromosome 19. The results provide evidence for close linkage between FUT1 and FUT2 and for looser linkage between FUT1 and APOC2 and between FUT1 and D19S7. Pairwise linkage data are also reported between other markers investigated.