RESUMO
The data on the clinical approval of the original enzyme immunoassay system for the determination of somatic O-antigen in the blood serum and urine of patients with acute Sonne dysentery are presented. The level of the antigen determined in the biological fluids of patients has been shown to depend on the severity of the disease. Different types of dynamic curves, reflecting the level of O-antigen in the biological fluids of patients with acute Sonne dysentery and characteristic of different clinical forms of the disease, have been established.
Assuntos
Líquidos Corporais/imunologia , Disenteria Bacilar/diagnóstico , Doença Aguda , Antígenos de Bactérias , Disenteria Bacilar/imunologia , Humanos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Antígenos O , Infecções por Salmonella/imunologia , Salmonella typhimurium/imunologia , Shigella flexneri/imunologia , Shigella sonnei/imunologiaRESUMO
The results of the evaluation of the oral inductor of endogenic interferon (amyxin), manufactured in Russia are presented. The use of amyxin was found to produce a drop in morbidity in acute respiratory virus infections (ARVI) among medical workers 3.4 times, i.e. the preparation exhibited a pronounced prophylactic effect with respect to ARVI. The use of the preparation was accompanied by a decrease in the number of manifest forms of ARVI. Persons given the preparation often had ARVI in a mild or asymptomatic form.
Assuntos
Indutores de Interferon/uso terapêutico , Infecções Respiratórias/prevenção & controle , Tilorona/uso terapêutico , Viroses/prevenção & controle , Doença Aguda , Humanos , Moscou/epidemiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Viroses/epidemiologiaRESUMO
A total of 127 patients with salmonellosis were studied for the effect of the disease severity on the central and peripheral hemodynamics, and catecholamine excretion. Introduction of indomethacin into a complex of treatment measures resulted in a more rapid recovery of the parameters of the central and peripheral hemodynamics and made catecholamine excretion return to normal.
Assuntos
Catecolaminas/urina , Ritmo Circadiano/efeitos dos fármacos , Indometacina/uso terapêutico , Intoxicação Alimentar por Salmonella/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Braço/irrigação sanguínea , Encéfalo/irrigação sanguínea , Capilares/fisiopatologia , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Humanos , Fígado/irrigação sanguínea , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Unhas/irrigação sanguínea , Pletismografia de Impedância , Intoxicação Alimentar por Salmonella/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Blood plasma free radical lipid oxidation was studied in 98 patients with acute dysentery (AD) and 64 patients with food toxinfection (FTI). Free radical lipid oxidation was assessed by the intensity of chemiluminescence and the level of lipid peroxides. Activation of blood plasma lipid peroxidation was established with relation to a clinical variant of the disease. The effect of indomethacin on the parameters of free radical lipid oxidation was noted in patients with AD and FTI.
Assuntos
Enteropatias/sangue , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Terapia Combinada , Disenteria Bacilar/sangue , Disenteria Bacilar/terapia , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/sangue , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/terapia , Radicais Livres , Humanos , Enteropatias/terapia , Peróxidos Lipídicos/sangue , Medições Luminescentes , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Shigella flexneri , Shigella sonneiRESUMO
Diphtheria morbidity among adult population of Moscow is growing. The tests of different modes and schemes of heterogeneous antidiphtheria serum administration have found out that the highest efficacy of serotherapy was achieved with a single intravenous dose. Another treatment of diphtheria is hemosorption. Widely used in present-day clinical practice hemosorbents provide adequate elimination of the toxin from plasma. The authors analyse the present situation in clinical symptoms, complications, lethality of diphtheria basing on the data provided by S. P. Botkin's Hospital.
Assuntos
Difteria/diagnóstico , Difteria/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Corynebacterium diphtheriae/imunologia , Difteria/classificação , Difteria/epidemiologia , Difteria/imunologia , Antitoxina Diftérica/administração & dosagem , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Moscou/epidemiologia , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Desintoxicação por Sorção/métodos , Fatores de Tempo , População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricosAssuntos
Cólera/epidemiologia , Portador Sadio/epidemiologia , Portador Sadio/transmissão , Cólera/transmissão , Daguestão/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças/estatística & dados numéricos , Reservatórios de Doenças/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeAssuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/epidemiologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/etiologia , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Hepatite B/complicações , Neoplasias Hepáticas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/etiologia , Resíduos/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Bashkiria/epidemiologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/virologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Neoplasias do Sistema Digestório/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Neoplasias Hepáticas/virologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , U.R.S.S./epidemiologiaAssuntos
Gastroenterite/tratamento farmacológico , Indometacina/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Salmonella/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Coelhos , Salmonella typhimuriumRESUMO
Schwartzman's phenomena, namely local and generalized reactions (SLR and SGR) were reproduced in two groups of rabbits weighing 1.5-2.5 kg. Use was made of endotoxin S. typhimurium obtained by the method of Bowen. Before endotoxin injection half of the animals of each group were given indomethacin (10 mg/kg). The coagulograms and thromboelastograms were examined after each endotoxin injection. Light and electron microscopy were used to study the animals' kidneys. Animals with the SLR and SGR demonstrated marked changes in the coagulogram and thromboelastogram characteristic of the development of the disseminated intravascular blood coagulation syndrome (DIC-syndrome). Animals' kidneys, particularly those in SGR, manifested gross structural and ultrastructural disorders, pronounced changes in microcirculation. Administration of indomethacin prevented the development of the DIC-syndrome. Besides, microscopic examination of the kidneys did not show fibrin release to the microcirculatory bloodstream. The data obtained indicate that the changes in hemostasis occurring in the SLR and SGR and microcirculatory disorders in the kidneys are linked with a dramatic intensification of prostaglandin synthesis, that develops in response to endotoxin injection.
Assuntos
Hemostasia , Prostaglandinas/fisiologia , Fenômeno de Shwartzman/sangue , Animais , Rim/irrigação sanguínea , Microcirculação/ultraestrutura , Prostaglandinas/biossíntese , Coelhos , Salmonella typhimurium , Choque Séptico/sangue , Choque Séptico/patologia , Fenômeno de Shwartzman/patologia , TromboelastografiaRESUMO
The platelet aggregation reaction was used to assess the influence of arachidonic acid (AA), endotoxin (E) S. typhimurium and ADP on platelet aggregation properties. All the three substances induced platelet aggregation. A higher degree of aggregation was attained by the application of E combined with AA and ADP as compared with the effects produced by E and ADP alone. Prolonged incubation of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) samples with E led to an essential decrease of the aggregation degree on ADP addition. Incubation of PRP samples with E and ADP did not evoke any analogous decrease in the platelet aggregation degree. The data obtained indicate that AA stimulates platelet aggregation induced by E and ADP.
Assuntos
Ácidos Araquidônicos/farmacologia , Endotoxinas/farmacologia , Agregação Plaquetária/efeitos dos fármacos , Salmonella typhimurium , Difosfato de Adenosina/farmacologia , Ácido Araquidônico , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Humanos , Estimulação QuímicaRESUMO
Electron microscopy was used to examine renal glomerules and tubules, as well as the renal neuro-endocrine apparatus 3 and 24 hours after intravenous injection of 2 mg/kg S. typhimurium endotoxin. The studies demonstrated swelling and vacuolization of the endothelial cells and an increase in the glomerular capillaries of the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes with lysosomal sequestration and fibrin emergence 3 hours after endotoxin injection, intravascular coagulation, accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the peritubular capillaries, fat dystrophy of the mesangial cells and nephrocytes in the proximal tubules after 24 hours. The method for mathematical estimation of granulation in the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA), designed by the authors, from the density of the contents of epithelioid cell granules enabled the detection of JGA activation, particularly 24 hours after endotoxin injection. The reduction of the number of granules in the interstitial cells of the renal medulla might be due both to JGA activation and endotoxin action that stimulates the synthesis of prostaglandins.
Assuntos
Endotoxinas/toxicidade , Néfrons/efeitos dos fármacos , Sistemas Neurossecretores/efeitos dos fármacos , Salmonella typhimurium , Animais , Microscopia Eletrônica , Néfrons/ultraestrutura , Sistemas Neurossecretores/ultraestrutura , Coelhos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The sensitivities of ELISA systems for assays of Shigella sonnei O-antigen, developed on the basis of specific rabbit antibodies isolated from antisera by different chromatography techniques have been compared. The highest specificity and sensitivity of O-antigen determination (0.5-1 ng/ml) is achieved when using affinity-isolated antibodies to O-antigen. Clinical trials of this ELISA system have been carried out.