RESUMO
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system has a major role in the regulation of the immune response as it is involved in the defense against pathogens. Some studies have reported that HLA class II genes play a strong role in severe cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in several populations. Thus the aim of the study was to compare the HLA-class II alleles of patients with drug resistant tuberculosis with those of healthy controls from the same ethnic group in Kazakhstan. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation of HLA-class II alleles by patients with drug resistant tuberculosis and the healthy controls of the same ethnic group in Kazakhstan. The HLA-class II alleles of 76 patients with tuberculosis (TB) and 157 healthy volunteers were investigated using sequence-based typing (SBT)-method. HLA-DQA1*03:02 HLA-DRB1*08:01 and DRB1*08:03 occurred more frequently (P = 0.05) in patients with drug resistant tuberculosis than in controls. We observed a possible association between certain HLA alleles and TB that are specific for the Kazakh population. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings using a larger number of patients with drug resistant tuberculosis.
Assuntos
Predisposição Genética para Doença , Cadeias alfa de HLA-DQ/genética , Cadeias HLA-DRB1/genética , Haplótipos , Tuberculose Resistente a Múltiplos Medicamentos/genética , Tuberculose Pulmonar/genética , Adulto , Antituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Cadeias alfa de HLA-DQ/classificação , Cadeias alfa de HLA-DQ/imunologia , Cadeias HLA-DRB1/classificação , Cadeias HLA-DRB1/imunologia , Teste de Histocompatibilidade , Humanos , Cazaquistão , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/efeitos dos fármacos , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/imunologia , Tuberculose Resistente a Múltiplos Medicamentos/tratamento farmacológico , Tuberculose Resistente a Múltiplos Medicamentos/imunologia , Tuberculose Resistente a Múltiplos Medicamentos/microbiologia , Tuberculose Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológico , Tuberculose Pulmonar/imunologia , Tuberculose Pulmonar/microbiologiaRESUMO
We have characterized the HLA-A, -B, -DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 profiles of three major ethnic groups living in Chelyabinsk Region of Russian South Urals, viz., Russians (n = 207), Bashkirs (n = 146) and Tatars (n = 135). First field level typing was performed by PCR using sequence-specific primers. Estimates included carriage and gene frequencies, linkage disequilibrium and its significance and related values. Population comparisons were made between the allele family frequencies of the three populations and between these populations and 20 others using a dendrogram. Chelyabinsk Region Russians demonstrate all the features typical of a Caucasoid population, but also have some peculiarities. Together with Tatars, Russians have high frequencies of allele families and haplotypes characteristic of Finno-Ugric populations. This presupposes a Finno-Ugric impact on Russian and Tatar ethnogenesis. However, this was not apparent in Bashkirs, the first of the three populations to live in this territory, and implies admixture with populations of a Finno-Ugric origin with precursors of Russians and Tatars before they came to the South Urals. The Bashkirs appear close to Mongoloids in allele and haplotype distribution. However, Bashkirs cannot be labelled either as typical Mongoloids or as Caucasoids. Thus, Bashkirs possess some alleles and haplotypes frequent in Mongoloids, which supports the Turkic impact on Bashkir ethnogenesis, but also possess the AH 8.1 haplotype, which could evidence an ancient Caucasoid population that took part in their ethnic formation or of recent admixture with adjacent populations (Russians and Tatars). Bashkirs showed no features of populations with a substantial Finno-Ugric component, for example Chuvashes or Russian Saami. This disputes the commonly held belief of a Finno-Ugric origin for Bashkirs. Tatars appeared close to many European populations. However, they possessed some characteristics of Asiatic populations possibly reflecting a Mongoloid influence on Tatar ethnogenesis. Some aspects of HLA in Tatars appeared close to Chuvashes and Bulgarians, thus supporting the view that Tatars may be descendents of ancient Bulgars.
Assuntos
Povo Asiático/genética , Etnicidade/genética , Frequência do Gene , Antígenos HLA-A/genética , Haplótipos , Adolescente , Adulto , Alelos , Feminino , Genética Populacional/métodos , Cadeias alfa de HLA-DQ/genética , Cadeias beta de HLA-DQ/genética , Cadeias HLA-DRB1/genética , Teste de Histocompatibilidade/métodos , Homozigoto , Humanos , Desequilíbrio de Ligação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Federação Russa/etnologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
A total of 112 Nagaybaks, a Turkic ethnoconfessional group living mainly in the Nagaybak district of the Chelyabinsk Region of Russian South Urals, were genotyped for HLA-A, -B, -DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 loci using PCR-SSP (low-resolution) and HLA-A29 (high-resolution). All loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (all p values >0.1 thus showing no locus-level deviations. The genotype data are available in the Allele Frequencies Net Database under the population name ''Russia, South Ural, Chelyabinsk Region, Nagaybaks" and the identifier AFND0003397.