Effects of physical and psychological symptoms on cancer-related fatigue among esophageal cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is considered one of the most prevalent and distressing symptoms among cancer patients and may vary among patients with different cancer types. However, few studies have explored the influence of physical and psychological symptoms on CRF among esophageal cancer (EC) patients without esophagectomy. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of physical and psychological symptoms on CRF among EC patients without esophagectomy. METHODS: In the present study, a cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2021 to March 2022 in Liaoning Province, China. Among the 112 included participants, 97 completed our investigation. The questionnaires used consisted of the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory Gastrointestinal Cancer Module (MDASI-GI), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and demographic and clinical information. Multivariate linear regression was conducted to test the relationships between physical and psychological symptoms and CRF. RESULTS: Of the 97 EC patients, 60.8% reported CRF (BFI ≥ 4). The mean age of the participants was 64.92 years (SD = 8.67). According to the regression model, all the variables explained 74.5% of the variance in CRF. Regression analysis indicated that physical symptoms, including constipation, diarrhoea, and difficulty swallowing, contributed to CRF. On the other hand, depressive symptoms increased the level of CRF among EC patients without esophagectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Given the high prevalence of CRF among EC patients without esophagectomy, it is urgent to emphasize the importance of fatigue management interventions based on physical and psychological symptoms to alleviate CRF in EC patients.

Comparison of the recovery time of remimazolam besylate and propofol for gastrointestinal endoscopy sedation in elderly patients.

Background: Recovery time is a crucial factor in ensuring the safety and effectiveness of both patients and endoscopy centers. Propofol is often preferred due to its fast onset and minimal side effects. Remimazolam is a new intravenous sedative agent, characterized by its rapid onset of action, quick recovery and organ-independent metabolism. Importantly, its effect can be specifically antagonized by flumazenil. The primary goal of this study is to compare the recovery time of remimazolam besylate and propofol anesthesia during endoscopic procedures in elderly patients. Methods: 60 patients aged 65-95 years who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy were randomly and equally assigned to two groups: the remimazolam group (Group R) and the propofol group (Group P). The primary measure was the recovery time, defined as the time from discontinuing remimazolam or propofol until reaching an Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scale (OAA/S) score of 5 (responds readily to name spoken in normal tone). The time required to achieve an OAA/S score of 3 (responds after name spoken loudly or repeatedly along with glazed marked ptosis) was also recorded and compared. Results: The recovery time for Group R (2.6 ± 1.6 min) was significantly shorter than that for Group P (10.8 ± 3.0 min), with a 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.949-9.431 min, p <0.001. Similarly, the time to attain an OAA/S score of 3 was significantly less in Group R (1.6 ± 0.9 min) compared to Group P (9.6 ± 2.6 min), with a 95% CI: 6.930-8.957 min, p <0.001. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that remimazolam anesthesia combined with flumazenil antagonism causes a shorter recovery time for elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy compared to propofol. Remimazolam followed by flumazenil antagonism provides a promising alternative to propofol for geriatric patients, particularly during gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Comparative analysis of visual-thermal perceptions and emotional responses in outdoor open spaces: Impacts of look-up vs. look-forward viewing perspectives.

Horizontal and vertical viewing perspectives exert varying influences on the environmental perceptions and emotional states of college students. Despite this, scant research addresses the impact on this demographic. We selected typical campus open spaces for comprehensive physical parameter assessments, encompassing meteorological and spatial characteristics. A cohort of 36 healthy college students participated in a questionnaire survey designed to ascertain shifts in visual comfort, thermal comfort, and emotional responses when viewing landscapes in look-forward and look-up orientations. Key findings following both viewing modalities included: 1) a notable rise in mean visual comfort vote (MVCV), by 1.22 for look-forward and 1.01 for look-up, with a pronouncedly higher sunlight sensation vote (SSV) for the latter orientation; 2) a significant increase in thermal comfort vote (TCV), although the difference in increments between the two viewing angles was minimal; 3) Positive affect (PA) exhibited considerable improvement in both viewing conditions, while negative affect (NA) was markedly reduced in the look-up condition relative to look-forward viewing; 4) The SSV was predominantly influenced by the trunk ratio and canopy-to-trunk ratio, with substantial weights of 31.47% and 32.15%, respectively. Landscape element diversity emerged as the most critical factor affecting visual comfort vote (VCV) and aesthetic assessment score (AAS), with overwhelming weights of 70.67% and 63.15%, respectively. Moreover, the leaf ratio was identified as the chief determinant of emotional responses. Our results provide insights into the design of campus spaces for enhanced student well-being.

[Genetic analysis of a child with mos 46,X,psu idic(X)(q21.3)[40]/45,X[3]].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between structural chromosomal abnormality and clinical characteristics of a child featuring gonadal dysplasia. METHODS: A 13-year-old child who was admitted to Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital on February 7, 2023 for primary amenorrhoea and occasional abdominal pain was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the child was collected, and peripheral blood samples of the child and her parents were collected. G-banding chromosomal karyotyping and copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq) were carried out. "Pseudodual centromere isochromosome X" and "psu idic(X)" were used as keywords to search the CNKI, Wanfang and PubMed databases, and the search period was set as from January 1, 2002 to June 1, 2023. Relevant literature on the structural abnormality of X chromosome was searched and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: The child has a height of 153 cm and weighed 45 kg. She has no obvious facial dysmorphism. Laboratory tests showed that she had higher FSH and luteinizing hormone, and lower E2. Ultrasonography showed that she had small ovaries and rudimentary uterus. She was found to have a karyotype of 46,X,psu idic(X)(q21.3)[40]/mos 45,X[3], whilst both of her parents had a normal karyotype. CNV-seq showed that she had a 63.27 Mb deletion in Xq21.32q28 and a 91.59 Mb duplication in Xp22.33q21.32 (mosaicism rate = 74%). A total of 11 relevant literature were retrieved. Clinical phenotypes of patients with similar structural chromosomal abnormalities were diverse, which was closely related to the mosaicism rate of the 45,X karyotype and the location of the breaking point. CONCLUSION: 46,X,psu idic(X)(q21.3)/45,X probably underlay the dysplasia of uterus and ovary and sex hormone abnormalities in this child, while her height was spared. Deletion of Xq21.32q28 is a key factor leading to Turner syndrome-like phenotype such as rudimentary uterus and ovarian dysplasia.

[An experimental study of acute toxicity and pharmacology of fermented Platycodonis Radix].

This study investigated the acute toxicity of fermented Platycodonis Radix on mice and its effect on coughing in mice infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The maximum dosage(MAD) was used in the acute toxicity experiment on mice to observe the signs of mice. After 14 days, dissection, blood biochemical examination, and pathological tissue section observation were conducted. In the pharmacological experiment of fermented Platycodonis Radix, 60 healthy BALB/c mice, 30 males and 30 females, were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a carbetapentane group(0.013 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), and high-, medium-, and low-dose fermented Platycodonis Radix groups(5.2, 2.6, and 1.3 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), with 10 mice in each group. Except for the blank group, the mice in the other five groups underwent model induction by intranasally instilling 20 µL of 1×10~6 CCU M. pneumoniae for 3 days, and the mice in each group were orally administered the corresponding drugs for 7 days. Cough induction experiment was conducted to observe and record the cough latency and total cough count within 3 min for each group. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes in lung tissues. Immunohistochemistry was performed to observe the protein expression of transient receptor potential A1(TRPA1), calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP), and substance P(SP) in the lung tissues of mice in each group. Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) was used to elucidate the changes in the mRNA levels of cough-related factors TRPA1, CGRP, and SP in mice treated with fermented Platycodonis Radix. No mice died in the acute toxicity experiment, and there were no changes in general behavior and major organ histopathological examinations. Compared with the blank group, there were no statistically significant differences in blood biochemical indexes. In the pharmacological experiment of fermented Platycodonis Radix, compared with the model group, the high-and medium-dose fermented Platycodonis Radix groups showed improved lung tissue structure of mice, with clear structure and regular tissue morphology. The qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical detection showed a decrease in the expression of TRPA1, CGRP, and SP in the fermented Platycodonis Radix groups. Fermented Platycodonis Radix can exert an inhibitory effect on cough by suppressing the expression of TRPA1, CGRP, and SP in lung tissues, thereby identifying the target of the drug.

A Review on the Current State of Microcapsule-Based Self-Healing Dental Composites.

Resin-based dental composites, commonly used in dentistry, offer several advantages including minimally invasive application, esthetically pleasing appearance, and good physical and mechanical properties. However, these dental composites can be susceptible to microcracks due to various factors in the complex oral environment. These microcracks can potentially lead to clinical restoration failure. Conventional materials and methods are inadequate for detecting and repairing these microcracks in situ. Consequently, incorporating self-healing properties into dental composites has become a necessity. Recent years have witnessed rapid advancements in self-healing polymer materials, drawing inspiration from biological bionics. Microcapsule-based self-healing dental composites (SHDCs) represent some of the most prevalent types of self-healing materials utilized in this domain. In this article, we undertake a comprehensive review of the most recent literature, highlighting key insights and findings related to microcapsule-based SHDCs. Our discussion centers particularly on the preparation techniques, application methods, and the promising future of self-healing microcapsules in the field of dentistry.

Research on the evaluation of green suppliers of high energy-consuming enterprises--based on rough number-grey correlation TOPSIS method.

With the Goal-Establishment of "carbon compliance" and "carbon neutrality", enterprises should upgrade "green development" to a strategic position and implement it through all aspects of business operations. Green supplier selection is the initial phase of supply chain management, therefore a green supplier evaluation system is needed to achieve green development. Based on a literature analysis, We selected 45 metrics as candidates for evaluating suppliers. Then through expert interviews, some indicators were revised and supplemented, and finally a green supplier evaluation index system for high energy-consuming enterprises was constructed. A unique aspect of this paper is the introduction of rough number theory into the supplier evaluation process to improve the indicator assignment and the grey correlation TOPSIS method, which optimizes the processing of uncertain semantic information in the evaluation process. The rough number-grey correlation TOPSIS supplier evaluation model developed in this paper has been verified to be applicable and stable in case studies and successfully implemented.

The human microbiota is a beneficial reservoir for SARS-CoV-2 mutations.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mutations are rapidly emerging. In particular, beneficial mutations in the spike (S) protein, which can either make a person more infectious or enable immunological escape, are providing a significant obstacle to the prevention and treatment of pandemics. However, how the virus acquires a high number of beneficial mutations in a short time remains a mystery. We demonstrate here that variations of concern may be mutated due in part to the influence of the human microbiome. We searched the National Center for Biotechnology Information database for homologous fragments (HFs) after finding a mutation and the six neighboring amino acids in a viral mutation fragment. Among the approximate 8,000 HFs obtained, 61 mutations in S and other outer membrane proteins were found in bacteria, accounting for 62% of all mutation sources, which is 12-fold higher than the natural variable proportion. A significant proportion of these bacterial species-roughly 70%-come from the human microbiota, are mainly found in the lung or gut, and share a composition pattern with COVID-19 patients. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase replicates corresponding bacterial mRNAs harboring mutations, producing chimeric RNAs. SARS-CoV-2 may collectively pick up mutations from the human microbiota that change the original virus's binding sites or antigenic determinants. Our study clarifies the evolving mutational mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2. IMPORTANCE: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mutations are rapidly emerging, in particular advantageous mutations in the spike (S) protein, which either increase transmissibility or lead to immune escape and are posing a major challenge to pandemic prevention and treatment. However, how the virus acquires a high number of advantageous mutations in a short time remains a mystery. Here, we provide evidence that the human microbiota is a reservoir of advantageous mutations and aids mutational evolution and host adaptation of SARS-CoV-2. Our findings demonstrate a conceptual breakthrough on the mutational evolution mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 for human adaptation. SARS-CoV-2 may grab advantageous mutations from the widely existing microorganisms in the host, which is undoubtedly an "efficient" manner. Our study might open a new perspective to understand the evolution of virus mutation, which has enormous implications for comprehending the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Influence of cervical treatment methods on subsequent vaginal lesions: A study of HPV-related neoplasia.

The development of cervical and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN and VaIN) is strongly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, representing key precancerous conditions in women. This study investigates the influence of different cervical treatment methods on the rate of subsequent vaginal neoplasia. It also considers age and menopausal status as risk factors for higher-grade VaIN and the role of persistent HPV infections in the development of new VaIN cases post-treatment. The cohort consisted of 275 female patients treated for CIN, with a follow-up period of six months including HPV and ThinPrep cytologic test (TCT) testing. The evaluated treatments included laser therapy, cervical conization, loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), and radical hysterectomy. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 to determine treatment efficacy, the impact of age and menopausal status, and the relationship between HPV clearance and VaIN outcomes. Radical hysterectomy was linked with a higher recurrence of VaIN. Additionally, patients over 50 years old and those who were postmenopausal were significantly more likely to develop more severe VaIN and persistent HPV infections. Persistence of HPV after treatment was linked to a higher incidence of new VaIN cases. High-risk HPV significantly increased the recurrence of VaIN, with no significant link found between TCT results and VaIN severity. Therefore, selecting appropriate cervical lesion treatment, considering the patient's age and menopausal status, and managing HPV infections are essential in preventing and managing the risk and progression of VaIN. Radical hysterectomy showed a distinct increase in VaIN incidence, emphasizing the need for individualized clinical assessments.

Gastrointestinal problems in a valproic acid-induced rat model of autism: From maternal intestinal health to offspring intestinal function.

BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by social deficits and repetitive behavior. Gastrointestinal (GI) problems, such as constipation, diarrhea, and inflammatory bowel disease, commonly occur in patients with ASD. Previously, GI problems of ASD patients were attributed to intestinal inflammation and vertical mother-to-infant microbiome transmission. AIM: To explore whether GI problems in ASD are related to maternal intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota abnormalities. METHODS: An ASD rat model was developed using valproic acid (VPA). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and fecal 16S rRNA sequencing were used to test GI changes. RESULTS: VPA exposure during pregnancy led to pathological maternal intestinal changes, resulting in alterations in maternal gut microbiota. Additionally, the levels of inflammatory factors also increased. Moreover, prenatal exposure to VPA resulted in impaired duodenal motility in the offspring as well as increased levels of inflammatory factors. CONCLUSION: GI problems in ASD may be associated with maternal intestinal inflammation and microbiota abnormality. Future research is required to find more evidence on the etiology and treatment of GI problems in ASD.

Structural modification of starch and protein: From the perspective of gelatinization degree of oat flour.

To clarify the relationship between gelatinization degree and structure characteristics, oat kernels were roasted to different gelatinization degree of 15 %-90 % based on tempering water content of 22.5 %-35 %, and the structure characteristics of starch and protein were evaluated. The results showed that the increased gelatinization degree dependent on tempering water content promoted protein aggregation on the surface of starch particles, forming larger aggregates with molecular weight >100 kDa. Oat kernels presented a dense starch gel network structure induced by gelatinized starch. Partial gelatinization of starch led to a decrease in pasting viscosities (setback viscosity, 3.91 Pa·s-1.59 Pa·s) and enthalpy (5.12 J/g-0.11 J/g). With the increase of gelatinization degree, the starch crystal structure conversed from A + V type to V type, accompanied by the formation of starch-lipid complexes and a decrease of relative crystallinity (22.28 %-8.72 %). Moreover, 50 % gelatinized oat flour possessed the highest ß-sheet structure (38.04 %), but a decrease in surface hydrophobicity and an increase in endogenous fluorescence intensity were found in oat flour of gelatinization degree >50 %. This study provided a theoretical reference for the application of oat flour with different gelatinization degrees to match suitable products.

In Vivo Calcium Imaging of Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons' Response to Somatic and Visceral Stimuli.

A technique is described for surgically exposing the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of the lumbar-6 in a live, anesthetized laboratory mouse, along with the protocol for in vivo calcium imaging of the exposed DRG in response to various visceral and somatic stimuli. Pirt-GCaMP6s mice or C57BL6 mice intrathecally injected with AAV viruses packaged with GCaMP6s were utilized to capture Ca2+ transients. The amplitude of these transients indicates sensitivity to specific sensory modalities. Afferent fibers originate from internal organs, with primary neuronal cell bodies in spinal or vagal ganglia. Studies on visceral nociception and acupuncture analgesia can potentially be conducted on primary sensory neurons using advanced imaging technologies like in vivo calcium imaging, allowing for the recording of neuronal activity ensembles in the intact animal during stimulation or intervention. The responses of DRG neuron ensembles to somatic and visceral stimuli applied to their corresponding receptive fields were recorded. This technique illustrates how neuronal populations react to various types of somatic and visceral stimuli. It is possible to comprehensively compare neuronal ensemble responses to different stimuli, which is a particularly valuable approach in research on visceral pain and segmental mechanisms of somatic stimulation, such as acupuncture.

Erratum: In Vivo Calcium Imaging of Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons' Response to Somatic and Visceral Stimuli.

This corrects the article 10.3791/65975.

Research in the application of artificial intelligence to lung cancer diagnosis.

The morbidity and mortality rates in lung cancer are high worldwide. Early diagnosis and personalized treatment are important to manage this public health issue. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has played increasingly important roles in early screening, auxiliary diagnosis, and prognostic assessment. AI uses algorithms to extract quantitative feature information from high-volume and high-latitude data and learn existing data to predict disease outcomes. In this review, we describe the current uses of AI in lung cancer-focused pathomics, imageomics, and genomics applications.

Task-general or specific: The alertness modulates post-error adjustment.

Previous studies have shown that alertness is closely related to executive control function, but its impact on components of post-error adjustment is unknown. This study applied the Attentional Networks Test and the Four-choice Flanker task with three response stimulus intervals (RSIs) to explore the correlation between alertness and post-error adjustment. The linear mixed-effects model of alertness and RSI on the post-error processing indicators showed a significant negative correlation between the alertness and post-error slowing (PES) under 200 ms RSI , as well as between alertness and post-error improvement in accuracy (PIA) under both 700 ms RSI and 1200 ms RSI. Participants with lower alertness showed larger post-error slowing in the early stages, while those with higher alertness had smaller PIA in later stages. This study revealed the effects of alertness on different processing components of post-error adjustment. The control strategies utilized by individuals with high and low levels of alertness differed in preparation for performance monitoring. Alertness improved post-error response speed in a task-unspecific manner, but not post-error adaptation.

miR-200b-3p accelerates progression of pituitary adenomas by negatively regulating expression of RECK.

MicroRNA (miR)-200b-3p has been associated with many tumors, but its involvement in pituitary adenoma is unclear. This study investigated the molecular mechanism underlying miR-200b-3p regulation in pituitary adenomas to provide a theoretical basis for treatment. Bioinformatics was used to analyze pituitary adenoma-related genes and screen new targets related to RECK and miRNA. As well, the relationship between miR-200b-3p and RECK protein was verified using a double-luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of miR-200b-3p in clinical samples was analyzed by in situ hybridization. Transfection of the miR-200b-3p inhibitor and small interfering-RECK (si-RECK) was verified by qPCR. GH3 cell viability and proliferation were detected using CCK8 and EdU assays. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and western blotting. Wound healing and Transwell assays were used to detect cell migration and invasion. The effects of miR-200b-3p and RECK on GH3 cells were verified using salvage experiments. miR-200b-3p was highly expressed in pituitary tumor tissue. Inhibitors of miR-200b-3p inhibited cell proliferation promoted cell apoptosis, inhibited invasion and migration, and inhibited the expression of matrix metalloproteinases. Interestingly, miR-200b-3p negatively regulated RECK. The expression of RECK in pituitary adenoma tissues was lower than that in neighboring tissues. Si-RECK rescued the function of miR-200b-3p inhibitors in the above cellular behaviors, and miR-200b-3p accelerated the development of pituitary adenoma by negatively regulating RECK expression. In summary, this study investigated the molecular mechanism by which miR-200b-3p regulates the progression of pituitary adenoma through the negative regulation of RECK. The findings provide a new target for the treatment of pituitary adenoma.

Relationship between age and remimazolam dose required for inducing loss of consciousness in older surgical patients.

Background: Remimazolam is a new ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine for procedural sedation and general anaesthesia, characterised by rapid onset of action, quick recovery, and organ-independent metabolism. Older patients tend to sustain more treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and worse perioperative prognoses after receiving remimazolam. However, few studies have investigated the appropriate dose of remimazolam for loss of consciousness (LOC) in geriatric patients. We designed this study to provide evidence for dose references and elucidate the relationship between age and remimazolam requirement for inducing LOC during anaesthesia induction. Methods: Exactly 120 patients scheduled for general surgery under general anaesthesia were included and divided into two groups: Group A (60 patients, 18-64 years) and Group B (60 patients, ≥ 65 years). LOC, defined as a Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation score at 1 had been reached, emerged after all participants received a continuous infusion of remimazolam at a rate of 0.05 mg/kg/min. Results: The remimazolam required for inducing LOC was 0.26 and 0.19 mg/kg in groups A and B, respectively, and the remimazolam dose in group B decreased by 26.9% compared to group A. According to the bivariate linear correlation analysis, remimazolam requirement was negatively correlated with age. Multivariable linear regression models and further adjustments for potential impact factors indicated that age was an independent factor for the remimazolam dose required for LOC. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that age was significantly and independently correlated with the remimazolam requirement for inducing LOC. To obtain haemodynamic stability during the induction of general anaesthesia, appropriately reducing the remimazolam dose is recommended for geriatric patients.

Proteomics shows that brain metastases of lung adenocarcinoma overexpress ribosomal proteins in response to gamma knife radiosurgery.

Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is recommended as the first-line treatment for brain metastases of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) in many guidelines, but its specific mechanism is unclear. We aimed to study the changes in the proteome of brain metastases of LUAD in response to the hyperacute phase of GKRS and further explore the mechanism of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Cancer tissues were collected from a clinical trial for neoadjuvant stereotactic radiosurgery before surgical resection of large brain metastases (ChiCTR2000038995). Five brain metastasis tissues of LUAD were collected within 24 h after GKRS. Five brain metastasis tissues without radiotherapy were collected as control samples. Proteomics analysis showed that 163 proteins were upregulated and 25 proteins were downregulated. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that the DEPs were closely related to ribosomes. Fifty-three of 70 ribosomal proteins were significantly overexpressed, while none of them were underexpressed. The risk score constructed from 7 upregulated ribosomal proteins (RPL4, RPS19, RPS16, RPLP0, RPS2, RPS26 and RPS25) was an independent risk factor for the survival time of LUAD patients. Overexpression of ribosomal proteins may represent a desperate response to lethal radiotherapy. We propose that targeted inhibition of these ribosomal proteins may enhance the efficacy of GKRS.

Mechanism exploration of Osteoking in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.

OBJECTIVE: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common spinal surgical disease. Low back and leg pain caused by LDH is the main factor leading to functional disability, which has caused a serious burden to patients and society. Osteoking can delay the progression of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, and even has a significant effect on the prevention of deep vein thrombosis after fracture surgery. In recent years, it has been gradually used in the treatment of LDH and has received significant results. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to predict the mechanism of Osteoking in the treatment of LDH through network pharmacology and verify it by molecular docking method. METHODS: The TCMSP database was used to collect the relevant active components and targets of Osteoking, while the GeneCards, OMIM and DisGeNET databases were utilized to collect the relevant disease targets of LDH. The Venny 2.1.0 software was employed to obtain the intersecting gene targets of Osteoking and LDH. PPI network construction and core target selection were performed using Cytoscape 3.9.0 software. The Metascape database was used for GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of the relevant targets. Finally, molecular docking was conducted using AutoDock software. RESULTS: The study identified 116 potential targets and 26 core targets for the treatment of LDH with Osteoking. Pathways in cancer, Alzheimer's disease, microRNAs in cancer and the IL-17 signalling pathway were among the main involved signalling pathways. Molecular docking results demonstrated that the key targets AKT1, IL-6, ALB, TNF and IL-1ß exhibited relatively stable binding activities with the main active components of Osteoking. CONCLUSIONS: Osteoking can alleviate the symptoms of lumbar disc herniation through the modulation of multiple targets and signalling pathways.

Differentially localized protein identification for breast cancer based on deep learning in immunohistochemical images.

The mislocalization of proteins leads to breast cancer, one of the world's most prevalent cancers, which can be identified from immunohistochemical images. Here, based on the deep learning framework, location prediction models were constructed using the features of breast immunohistochemical images. Ultimately, six differentially localized proteins that with stable differentially predictive localization, maximum localization differences, and whose predicted results are not affected by removing a single image are obtained (CCNT1, NSUN5, PRPF4, RECQL4, UTP6, ZNF500). Further verification reveals that these proteins are not differentially expressed, but are closely associated with breast cancer and have great classification performance. Potential mechanism analysis shows that their co-expressed or co-located proteins and RNAs may affect their localization, leading to changes in interactions and functions that further causes breast cancer. They have the potential to help shed light on the molecular mechanisms of breast cancer and provide assistance for its early diagnosis and treatment.