[Application of CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide Immunostimulation in Chromosome Study of Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukemia].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the value of CpG-oligonucleotide(CpG-ODN) immunostimulatory method in chromosome culture of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells and to compare the differences between related studies at home and abroad, so as to improve the success rate of CLL karyotype culture and the detection rate of abnormal karyo-types. METHODS: Bone marrow samples from 82 CLL patients were collected and cultured with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), CpG-oligonucleotide plus interleukin-2 (CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2) for 72 hours. Chromosomes were prepared and analyzed by conventional cytogenetics (CC). Meanwhile, D13S25, Rb1, ATM, p53 and CSP12 probes were used for interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) test. The differences of chromosome culture and iFISH test results between two cell stimulants were compared. RESULTS: The success rate of karyotype culture in PHA and CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 immunostimuli (analyzable mitotic t >20) was 90.2% (74 cases), 68.3% (56 cases) respectively, and the detection rate of abnormal karyotype was 13.5% (10 cases) and 46.4% (26 cases), respectively. The success rate of karyotype culture in PHA group was significantly higher than that in CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 group (P=0.01). The detection rate of abnormal karyotypes in CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 group was significantly higher than that in PHA group, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.003). The detection rate of abnormal karyotypes in iFISH group was 74.4% (61 cases), which was significantly higher than that in CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 group (P=0.000). iFISH detection could verify the abnormalities detected by CC analysis. CONCLUSION: Application of CpG-ODN DSP30+IL-2 immunostimulation method in culture of CLL cells can enhance the detection rate of abnormal karyotypes, especially the detection of various translocations suggesting poor prognosis.

[Expression Level and Target Gene Prediction of miR-181b in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression level of miR-181b in CD19+ B lymphocytes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), to analyze the relationship between its expression and the prognosis of CLL patients, and to predict the potential target gene of miR-181b in CLL by using bioinformatics. METHODS: Eight-four patients with CLL treated in People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from June 2013 to June 2018 were selected. and 20 healthy people were selected as control group. RNA was extracted from CD19+B lymphocytes of peripheral blood by magnetic bead sorting, the expression level of miR-181b was detected, and it's expression differences in different IPI groups were analyzed. The correlation between the expression level of miR-181b and PFS of CLL patients also was analyzed. miR-181b target genes were predicted by online database and literatures, and gene annotation analysis and relevant signal pathway analysis were performed for candidate target genes. RESULTS: The expression level of miR-181b in CLL patients was significantly lower than that in control group (P＜0.01); The expression level of miR-181b in the low-risk group was higher than that in high-risk group and extremely high-risk group (P＜0.05), but there was no statistical difference between low-risk group and medium-risk group (P=1.00). The expression level of miR-181b in medium-risk group was higher than that in high-risk group and extremely high-risk group (P＜0.05), but there was no difference between high-risk group and extremely high-risk group (P=1.00). ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.792 (P＜0.01).When the expression level of miR-181b was at the threshold value of 0.279, it showed a better sensitivity (62.9%) and specificity (91.8%). Survival analysis results suggested that compared with the high expression group, the miR-181b low expression group had poor PFS (log rank: P=0.047). Prediction of miR-181b by using the starBase, targetscan and picTar database and its combination with literature reports indicated that CARD11, ZFP36L1, RUNX1, NR4A3, ATP1B1, PUM1 and PLAG1 related with blood diseases, and up-regulated CARD11 and ZFP36L1 participated in lymphoid tumor formation by promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting cell aging. CONCLUSION: The expression level of miR-181b in CLL group are significantly lower than that in the controls group, and the low expression of miR-181b relates with poor prognosis of CLL patients. Through bioinformatics prediction and combined with literature reports, it is speculated that CARD11 and ZFP36L1 as target genes of miR-181b may be participated in the occurrence and development of CLL. Further experiments are needed to verify this result.

[The relevance between quantitative and type of chromosomal abnormality and leukemia transformation in myelodysplastic syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate leukemia transformation rate in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and the relationship with quantitative and type of chromosomal abnormality. METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed and rediagnosed 138 MDS patients with complete data, investigated the rate and time of leukemia transformation, and analyzed characteristics of chromosome karyotype of de novo patients. RESULTS: 29 (21.01%) of 138 patients transformed into leukemia, the rate and the median time of leukemia transformation were 21.01% and 8 (3-24) months, respectively, among which, the rate of leukemia transformation in normal karyotype, abnormal karyotype analysis of ≤5 mitotic cells, and >5 mitotic cells in split phase groups were 6.2%, 23.8% and 38.5%, respectively, and median time of which were 17(13-22), 13(5-23), and 7(3-10) months, respectively. Increased trend of leukemia conversion rate along with increased quantity of chromosomal abnormality was observed (χ²=14.185, P＜0.01). Leukemia transformation time negatively correlated with quantity grade of abnormal karyotype (r=-0.631, P<0.01), The leukemia transformation rates in monosomy 7/del 7q, trisomy 8, trisomy 11, complex karyotype and normal karyotype groups were 65.0%, 50.0%, 30.8% and 28.6%, being significantly different (χ²=21.555, P<0.01). Leukemia transformation rate of complex karyotype and monosomy 7/del 7 q was slightly higher than of trisomy 8 and trisomy 11, but both of them were significantly higher than of normal karyotype (χ²=8.054, P=0.005). There were no leukemia transformation cases in del 5q, del 20q, monosomy Y, and trisomy 21 group. CONCLUSION: With or without abnormal chromosome karyotype, quantity and types of abnormal karyotype had important clinical value to predict leukemia transformation in patients with MDS.