[Sociodemographic and social correlates of self-reported resilience in old age-results from the population-based LIFE-Adult-Study]. / Soziodemografische und soziale Korrelate selbstberichteter Resilienz im Alter ­ Ergebnisse der populationsbasierten LIFE-Adult-Studie.

INTRODUCTION: Resilience describes good adaptation to adversity and is a significant factor for well-being in old age. Initial studies indicate a high relevance of social resources. So far, only few studies have investigated resilience patterns in the elderly population. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate sociodemographic and social correlates of resilience in a large population-based sample aged 65 years and older. METHODS: Analyses were conducted on n = 2410 people aged 65 years and older from the follow-up survey of the LIFE-Adult-Study. The survey included the variables resilience (Resilience Scale - RS-11), social support (ENRICHD Social Support Inventory - ESSI), and social network (Lubben Social Network Scale - LSNS-6). The association of sociodemographic and social variables with resilience was analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: The age of 75 years and older was associated with lower resilience compared with the age of 65-74 years. Further, widowed marital status was related to higher resilience. Better social support and a larger social network were significantly associated with higher resilience. No association was found for gender and education. DISCUSSION: The results reveal sociodemographic correlates of resilience in the elderly population that can help identify at-risk groups with lower resilience. Social resources are significant in older age for resilient adaptation and represent a starting point for deriving preventive measures. Social inclusion of older people should be promoted to strengthen resilience in this population and provide favorable conditions for successful aging.

[E-Mental Health and healthcare apps in Germany]. / E-Mental-Health und digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen in Deutschland.

Digitalization trends are having an impact on mental healthcare. Online interventions can promote mental health and complement existing mental healthcare services. Effective online interventions have been developed for a variety of mental health disorders and, overall, patient and practitioner acceptance of such programs is high. The Digital Healthcare Act provides the legal framework for the use of healthcare apps in German routine care. After approval by the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, the costs of certain healthcare apps are now covered by statutory health insurers. However, digital technologies have rarely been used in mental healthcare to date. Reasons include a low level of awareness of such programs as well as a large number of untested applications. Specified quality criteria can provide better orientation for patients and healthcare providers. Further implementation efforts are necessary in order to fully use the potential of digital support options in psychiatric and psychotherapeutic care for the benefit of patients.

[How Successful is the Participation of People with Mental Illness and Family Members in the Development of Evidence- and Consensus-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines? Results of a Survey in Psychiatry]. / Wie gelingt die Einbindung von Betroffenen- und Angehörigenvertreter:innen in die Entwicklung von evidenz- und konsensbasierten Behandlungsleitlinien? Ergebnisse einer Umfrage im Fachbereich Psychiatrie.

OBJECTIVE: The study examines how successful the participation of people with mental illness and family members is currently in the development of psychiatric guidelines. METHODS: Survey results of N=561 (Response 37%) guideline developers are analyzed. RESULTS: Involvement of affected individuals succeeds more often than that of family members (61% vs. 55%). 68% felt that this participation was central to successful guideline development. 51% perceived discrepancies between empirical evidence and experience perspective. 33-36% perceived a lack of appreciation of experience expertise, 37% an insufficient representation and 46% an inequality in consensus building. 45% did not see barriers effectively removed. CONCLUSION: There remain challenges in the participation of people with mental illness and family members. There is an increasing awareness that their participation is central.

E-mental health in Germany - what is the current use and what are experiences of different types of health care providers for patients with mental illnesses?

BACKGROUND: As a new and effective support option, e-mental health interventions can be useful in complementing treatment in mental health care. To date, little is known about how health care providers use these programs to treat patients with mental illnesses in Germany. The present study aims to examine the use of and experiences with e-mental health interventions from the point of view of different types of health care providers for patients with mental illnesses. METHODS: Data from a cross-sectional survey of routine care health care providers in Germany in 2021 were analysed. In this survey, data were collected from n = 107 general practitioners (GPs), n = 114 specialist doctors, n = 102 psychotherapists, and n = 102 inpatient clinicians. Assessments included professional use of digital media, as well as knowledge, use and experiences regarding e-mental health interventions in care of people with mental illness. RESULTS: In the total sample of n = 425, 65.6% (n = 279) were female. The study participants had an average age of 47.7 years (SD = 11.0) and their average work experience was 20.0 years (SD = 11.1). Overall, the majority (83.8%, n = 353) had heard of e-mental health interventions, but few felt well informed. Only 28.5% (n = 121) had already used e-mental health interventions for treatment support. The most commonly recommended e-mental health interventions in the sample were deprexis (39.7%, n = 48), moodgym (24.8%, n = 30), and iFightDepression (22.3%, n = 27). The use was predominantly considered to be helpful and satisfactory. Insufficient knowledge about e-mental health interventions and lack of informational materials for patients were reported as relevant barriers to the use of e-mental health interventions. CONCLUSIONS: E-mental health interventions can be a useful support option, but they are rarely used in the treatment of patients with mental illnesses. There is a need to disseminate information specific to the various types of health care providers. Tailored implementation strategies need to be developed in order to capitalize on the potential of effective e-mental health interventions and to improve health care for patients with mental illnesses.

The Association of Resilience with Mental Health in a Large Population-Based Sample (LIFE-Adult-Study).

Resilience describes a good adaptation to adversity. Strengthening resilience is a promising approach in the prevention of mental health problems. Yet, research on the association of resilience with mental health symptoms in the general population is scarce. The aim of our study is to examine comprehensively the association of resilience with depressive symptoms, anxiety, and perceived stress in a large population-based sample. We analyzed data of n = 3762 participants from the follow-up assessment of the LIFE-Adult-Study, a population-based cohort study in Leipzig. Assessments included resilience (RS-11), depressive symptoms (CES-D), anxiety (GAD-7), and perceived stress (PSQ). The association of resilience with mental health symptoms was examined via multiple linear regression analyses. In our analyses, higher resilience predicted less mental health problems and contributed significantly to the explained variance in mental health outcomes. Women, individuals with previous mental disorders, and those without employment had higher mental health symptoms. Resilience is closely associated with mental health problems in the general population. Vulnerable groups should be targeted with public health measures. Strengthening resilience is a promising approach in the large-scale prevention of mental disorders.

What Builds Resilience? Sociodemographic and Social Correlates in the Population-Based LIFE-Adult-Study.

Resilience is closely related to mental health and well-being. Identifying risk groups with lower resilience and the variables associated with resilience informs preventive approaches. Previous research on resilience patterns in the general population is heterogeneous, and comprehensive large-scale studies are needed. The aim of our study is to examine sociodemographic and social correlates of resilience in a large population-based sample. We examined 4795 participants from the LIFE-Adult-Study. Assessments included resilience (RS-11), social support (ESSI), and social network (LSNS), as well as the sociodemographic variables age, gender, marital status, education, and occupation. The association of resilience with sociodemographic and social correlates was examined using linear regression analyses. Higher resilience was associated with female gender, married marital status, high education, and full-time occupation. Social support and social network were positively associated with resilience. Our results implicate that resilience is related to various sociodemographic variables. Social variables seem to be particularly important for resilience. We identified risk groups with lower resilience, which should be given special attention by public health policies, especially in times of crisis. Reducing loneliness and promoting social connectedness may be promising ways to build resilience in the general population.

Prevalence of High Resilience in Old Age and Association with Perceived Threat of COVID-19-Results from a Representative Survey.

Little is known about resilience in old age and its manifestation during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of high resilience in the German old age population. We further examine the socio-demographic correlates and whether high resilience reflects on older adults' perception of the threat posed by COVID-19. The data were derived from a representative telephone survey of n = 1005 older adults (≥65 years) during the first COVID-19 lockdown. Assessments included socio-demographic variables, the perceived threat of COVID-19, and high resilience (Brief Resilience Scale; cutoff: ≥4.31). The association between high resilience and threat from COVID-19 was analyzed using ordinal logistic regression. The study sample had a mean age (SD) of 75.5 (7.1) years, and n = 566 (56.3%) were female. The estimated prevalence of high resilience was 18.7% (95% CI = [16.3; 21.2]). High resilience was more prevalent in the younger age group and participants with higher education levels. High resilience was significantly associated with a lower perception of threat from COVID-19. The results of the representative survey in the German old age population showed that one out of five adults aged 65 years and older had high resilience. Older adults with high resilience tended to feel less threatened by COVID-19. Further research on resilience in old age is needed to support vulnerable groups in the context of care.