Rosmarinic acid suppresses the progression of COPD via Syk by modulating airway inflammation and epithelial apoptosis in vivo and in vitro.

Rosmarinic acid (RosA), a hydrophilic phenolic compound found in various plants, has several biological effects such as anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis activities. However, its potential impact on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its underlying mechanism has not been investigated. In this study, we explored the potential therapeutic effects and mechanism of RosA on COPD airway inflammation and alveolar epithelial apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Our data suggested that RosA may be a therapeutic candidate for COPD with low toxicity. The corresponding mechanism lies in its anti-inflammatory effect on macrophage and bronchial epithelial cells, as well as protective effect on lung epithelial apoptosis via the jointly cross-target spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk).

Separation and indirect ultraviolet detection of ferrous and trivalent iron ions by using ionic liquids in ion chromatography.

A method of simultaneous separation and indirect ultraviolet detection of different valence iron ions Fe2+ and Fe3+ by using ionic liquids as mobile phase additives and ultraviolet absorption reagents on a cation exchange column functionalized with carboxylic acid group was developed. The effects of ionic liquids, organic acids, detection wavelength, etc. on separation and detection of Fe2+ and Fe3+ were investigated and the mechanism was discussed. The pyridinium and imidazolium ionic liquids were not only ultraviolet absorption reagents of indirect ultraviolet detection but also effective components for separating Fe2+ and Fe3+ . The separation and detection of Fe2+ and Fe3+ can be achieved using 0.5 mmol/L pyridinium ionic liquid-1.2 mmol/L methanesulfonic acid as the mobile phase. The determination of Fe2+ and Fe3+ had a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 1-100 mg/L. The limits of detection of Fe2+ and Fe3+ were 0.12 and 0.09 mg/L, respectively. This method was applied to the actual sample detection in the field of medical analysis. The spiked recoveries were between 97.3 and 99.5%, and the relative standard deviations were less than 0.6%. The method is simple, accurate, and reliable, and is an analytical method with universal and practical value.