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Int J Antimicrob Agents ; 44(6): 557-63, 2014 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25282169

RESUMO

Elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of vancomycin against meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and the emergence of heteroresistant S. aureus strains have led to increased use of anti-MRSA antibiotics other than vancomycin. Ceftaroline fosamil is a novel cephalosporin with activity against MRSA, but there are limited clinical data on its use for MRSA bacteraemia (MRSAB) and against strains exhibiting high vancomycin MICs (2-4 µg/mL). This multicentre, retrospective, case-control study compared the microbiological and clinical effectiveness of ceftaroline used after vancomycin failure with that of vancomycin-treated controls for the treatment of MRSA with vancomycin MICs ≥ 2 µg/mL. In total, 32 patients were matched 1:1 with respect to vancomycin MIC, age and origin of bacteraemia. In the ceftaroline group, patients received prior MRSA therapy for a median of 5 days [interquartile range (IQR), 3-15.8 days] prior to switching to ceftaroline. Median time to eradication of MRSA was significantly less after treatment with ceftaroline compared with vancomycin [4 days (IQR, 3-7.5 days) vs. 8 days (IQR, 5.8-19.5 days); P=0.02]. Both clinical success at the end of treatment and recurrence of MRSA at Day 7 were trending towards being inferior in the vancomycin group, although the results did not attain statistical significance [81% vs. 44% (P=0.06) and 6% vs. 38% (P=0.08), respectively]. Ceftaroline added at the point of vancomycin failure resolves MRSAB more rapidly and with a higher rate of clinical success, therefore ceftaroline should be considered as an alternative for these difficult-to-treat infections.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Cefalosporinas/uso terapêutico , Glicopeptídeos/uso terapêutico , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Vancomicina/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Bacteriemia/tratamento farmacológico , Bacteriemia/microbiologia , Bacteriemia/prevenção & controle , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Demografia , Erradicação de Doenças , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Tempo , Falha de Tratamento , Ceftarolina
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