Patient-centered and integrated outreach care for chronic hepatitis C patients with serious mental illness in Taiwan.

Patients with serious mental illness have a higher risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection but suboptimal HCV care. The current study aimed to facilitate HCV treatment uptake by implementing an integrated outreach care model. Multidisciplinary outreach screening followed by HCV reflex testing and onsite treatment for schizophrenia patients was accomplished through the coordination of nongovernmental organizations, remote specialists, and local care providers. The objective was microelimination effectiveness, defined as the multiplication of the rates of anti-HCV antibodies screening, accurate HCV RNA diagnosis, treatment allocation, treatment completion, and sustained virological response (SVR12; no detectable HCV RNA throughout 12 weeks in the post-treatment follow-up period). A total of 1478 of the 2300 (64.3%) psychiatric patients received HCV mass screening. Seventy-three (4.9%) individuals were seropositive for anti-HCV antibodies. Of the 73 anti-HCV seropositive patients, all (100%) received HCV reflex testing, and 29 (37.7%) patients had HCV viremia. Eight patients (34.8%) had advanced liver disease, including 3 with liver cirrhosis and 2 with newly diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma. Twenty-three of the 24 (95.8%) patients who stayed in the healthcare system received and completed 8 weeks of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir treatment and post-treatment follow-up without significant DDIs or adverse events. The SVR12 rate was 100%. The microelimination effectiveness in the current study was 61.6%. Individuals with serious mental illness are underserved and suffer from diagnostic delays. This patient-centered and integrated outreach program facilitated HCV care in this marginalized population.

Scaling up the in-hospital hepatitis C virus care cascade in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Obstacles exist in facilitating hepatitis C virus (HCV) care cascade. To increase timely and accurate diagnosis, disease awareness and accessibility, in-hospital HCV reflex testing followed by automatic appointments and a late call-back strategy (R.N.A. model) was applied. We aimed to compare the HCV treatment rate of patients treated with this strategy compared to those without. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-five anti-HCV seropositive patients who adopted the R.N.A. model in 2020 and another 1,396 controls treated in 2019 were enrolled to compare the gaps in accurate HCV RNA diagnosis to final treatment allocation. RESULTS: The HCV RNA testing rate was significantly higher in patients who received reflex testing than in those without reflex testing (100% vs. 84.8%, P<0.001). When patients were stratified according to the referring outpatient department, a significant improvement in the HCV RNA testing rate was particularly noted in patients from non-hepatology departments (100% vs. 23.3%, P<0.001). The treatment rate in HCV RNA seropositive patients was 83% (83/100) after the adoption of the R.N.A. model, among whom 96.1% and 73.9% of patients were from the hepatology and non-hepatology departments, respectively. Compared to subjects without R.N.A. model application, a significant improvement in the treatment rate was observed for patients from non-hepatology departments (73.9% vs. 27.8%, P=0.001). The application of the R.N.A. model significantly increased the in-hospital HCV treatment uptake from 6.4% to 73.9% for patients from non-hepatology departments (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The care cascade increased the treatment uptake and set up a model for enhancing in-hospital HCV elimination.

Poor Prognosis of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Hepatitis C Infection.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is associated with a higher prevalence and distinctive clinical characteristics and outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of adult DLBCL patients from 2011 to 2015 was studied. RESULTS: A total of 206 adult DLBCL were enrolled with 22 (10.7%) HCV-positive patients. Compared to HCV-negative patients, the HCV-positive group had a poor performance status (p = 0.011), lower platelet count (p = 0.029), and higher spleen and liver involvement incidences (liver involvement, p = 0.027, spleen involvement, p = 0.026), and they received fewer cycles of chemotherapy significantly due to morbidity and mortality (p = 0.048). Overall survival was shorter in HCV-positive DLBCL (25.3 months in HCV-positive vs. not reached (NR), p = 0.049). With multivariate analysis, poor performance status (p < 0.001), advanced stage (p < 0.001), less chemotherapy cycles (p < 0.001), and the presence of liver toxicity (p = 0.001) contributed to poor OS in DLBCL. Among HCV-positive DLBCL, the severity of liver fibrosis was the main risk factor related to death. CONCLUSION: Inferior survival of HCV-positive DLBCL was observed and associated with poor performance status, higher numbers of complications, and intolerance of treatment, leading to fewer therapy. Therefore, anti-HCV therapy, such as direct-acting antiviral agents, might benefit these patients in the future.