[Effects of Effective Fractions of Panax Notoginseng on the Expression of TF and TFPI-2 in Rat En- dometrium with Whole Cycle Exogenous Estrogen Intervention].

Objective To observe the effects of notoginsenoside, Panax notoginseng flavonoids (PNF) , Panax notoginseng acid (PNA) , and their mixtures on the expressions of tissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI-2) in rat endometriaum with whole cycle exogenous estrogen inter- vention. Methods Totally 160 female impuberty rats were randomly divided into the blank group (n =40) and the model group (n =120). Rats in the blank group were administered with normal saline by gastroga- vage for 3 weeks, while those in the model group were administered with estradiol valerate suspension. The two interventions lasted for 3 consecutive weeks. After 3 weeks of intervention, rats with asexual cycle were randomly divided into six groups, i.e., the model group, the continuous estrogen group, the No- toginsenoside group, the PNF group, the PNA group, the mixture group. Rats in the model group, the continuous estrogen group, the Notoginsenoside group, the PNF group, the PNA group, the mixture group were respectively administered with normal saline, estrogen, notoginsenoside, PNF, PNA, and mixture of effective Panax notoginseng fractions by gastrogavage for 2 successive weeks. Expression levels of TF, TFPI-2, TF mRNA, and TFPI-2 mRNA in the endometrium were detected 2 weeks later. Re-sults Compared with the blank group, positive expressions of TF and TF mRNA increased, and positive expressions of TFPI-2 and TFPI-2 mRNA decreased in the model group (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). Compared with the model group, the expressions of TF and TF mRNA significantly increased, the expressions of TF- PI-2 and TFPI-2 mRNA significantly decreased in the estrogen group at the end of the 5th week (P < 0. 01). Compared with the model group and the estrogen group, positive expressions of TF and TF mRNA significantly decreased, positive expressions of TFPI-2 and TFPI-2 mRNA significantly increased in the Notoginsenoside group, the PNF group, the PNA group, the mixture group (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). Com- pared with the Notoginsenoside group, positive expressions of TFPI-2 and TFPI-2 mRNA significantly in- creased in the mixture group (P <0. 05). Compared with the PNF group, the expressions of TF and TF mRNA significantly decreased in the Notoginsenoside group and the mixture group (P <0. 01) ; positive expressions of TFPI-2 increased in the mixture group (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). Conclusions The effective fractions of Panax notoginseng could decrease the-expression of TF and increase the expression of TFPI- 2 in rat endometrium with whole cycle exogenous estrogen intervention. They activated blood circulation and arrested bleeding possibly through inhibiting TF, blocking activation of coagulation system, and re- ducing inflammatory response. Meanwhile, it also could strengthen endometrial extracellular matrix, maintain the endometrial stability, thereby reducing endometrial disintegration and bleeding, and being beneficial for endometrium repairing and remodeling.

[Effect of acupuncture at "Zusanli" (ST 36 and "Taichong" (LR 3) on gastrointestinal hormone levels in rats with diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of acupuncture of "Zusanli" (ST 36) and "Taichong" (LR 3) on gastrointestinal hormone levels in diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) rats so as to provide experimental evidence for acupuncture treatment of IBS-D. METHODS: Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into control, model, acupuncture and medication groups, with 12 rats in each group. IBS-D model was established by chronic mild restraining stress combined with isolated raising and intragastric administration of Folium Sennae (10 mL/kg). For rats of the acupuncture group, bilateral "Zusanli" (ST 36) and "Taichong" (LR 3) were punctured and stimulated for 30 min, once daily for 14 days. The rats of the medication group were treated by gavage of Pinaverin bromide, once daily for 14 days, and those of the control and model groups were given with equal volume of saline. Somatostatin (SS), substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the rats' plasma and ileum tissues were detected by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the body weight and food intake quantity were reduced significantly, while the diarrhea index was increased significantly in the model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In comparison with the model group, the body weight and food intake volume in both acupuncture and medication groups were increased remarkably after the treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) whereas the diarrhea index in the latter two groups was reduced obviously (P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, plasma VIP level was increased significantly in the model group (P < 0.01), while those in both acupuncture and medication groups were decreased remarkably compared with the model group (P < 0.05). No significant changes of plasma SP and SS levels were found after modeling and after both acupuncture and medication treatments. In comparison with the control group, ileum SP, VIP and SS levels in the model group were up-regulated significantly (P < 0.01), while those in both acupuncture and medication groups were down-regulated considerably compared with the model group (P < 0.01). No significant differences were found between acupuncture and medication groups in the levels of ileum SP, VIP and SS (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Acupuncture of ST 36 and LR 3 can effectively down-regulate ileum SP, VIP and SS levels in IBS-D rats, which may contribute to its effect in relieving IBS-D.