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1.
BMC Endocr Disord ; 24(1): 67, 2024 May 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38730413

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is a newly discovered small molecule adipocytokine, and research has shown that it is closely related to the occurrence and development of obesity. However, there are currently few research reports on SDF-1 in childhood obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and this study aims to explore the relationship between SDF-1 and obesity related indicators in obese children. METHODS: Serum SDF-1 concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical and biochemical data were collected, such as body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumference, blood pressure, liver enzymes, cholesterol, and fasting insulin. Children with NAFLD or not were evaluated through Color Doppler Ultrasound. RESULTS: Serum SDF-1 concentrations were significantly higher in obese subjects than in non-obese subjects (P < 0.05), and were elevated in the NAFLD obese subjects than in the non-NAFLD obese subjects (P < 0.05). SDF-1 was positively correlated with BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, body fat percentage (BFP), basal metabolic rate (BMR), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), glutyltranspeptidase (GT), and homoeostasis model of HOMA-IR, independent of their uric acid (UA), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), gender and age. BFP and BMR were associated with the serum SDF-1 concentrations in multivariable linear regression analysis. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that SDF-1 levels are elevated in obese children and are associated with NAFLD, indicating that SDF-1 may play a role in the development of childhood obesity and metabolic disorders.


Assuntos
Quimiocina CXCL12 , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Obesidade Infantil , Humanos , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/sangue , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/complicações , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Quimiocina CXCL12/sangue , Obesidade Infantil/sangue , Obesidade Infantil/complicações , Biomarcadores/sangue , Índice de Massa Corporal , Adolescente , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Resistência à Insulina
2.
Ann Nutr Metab ; 80(4): 196-201, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38310860

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Childhood obesity is a global health problem that is associated with various metabolic complications, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases. The mechanisms underlying the development of insulin resistance in childhood obesity are not fully understood. Nephroblastoma overexpressed gene (NOV), also known as CCN3, is a member of the CCN family of matricellular proteins that modulate cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, migration, and survival. Previous studies have shown that NOV/CCN3 is involved in glucose metabolism and insulin signaling in various tissues and cell types. However, the role of NOV/CCN3 in childhood obesity and insulin resistance remains unclear. METHODS: In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between plasma NOV/CCN3 levels and insulin resistance in 58 obese and 43 non-obese children aged 6-12 years. We measured plasma NOV/CCN3 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and assessed insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). We also collected clinical and biochemical data, such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), fasting glucose (FG), fasting insulin (FI), lipid profile, and inflammatory markers. RESULTS: We found that plasma NOV/CCN3 levels were significantly higher in obese children than in non-obese children (p < 0.001) and positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.42, p < 0.001), WC (r = 0.38, p < 0.001), BP (r = 0.35, p < 0.001), FG (r = 0.31, p < 0.001), FI (r = 0.45, p < 0.001), HOMA-IR (r = 0.48, p < 0.001), triglycerides (r = 0.28, p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.26, p < 0.001), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (r = 0.32, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that plasma NOV/CCN3 levels were independently associated with HOMA-IR after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, WC, BP, FG, FI, lipid profile, and CRP (ß = 0.36, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that plasma NOV/CCN3 levels are elevated in childhood obesity and are associated with insulin resistance, indicating that NOV/CCN3 may play a role in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders in obese children.


Assuntos
Índice de Massa Corporal , Resistência à Insulina , Proteína Sobre-Expressa em Nefroblastoma , Obesidade Infantil , Humanos , Proteína Sobre-Expressa em Nefroblastoma/sangue , Masculino , Feminino , Obesidade Infantil/sangue , Criança , Glicemia/análise , Circunferência da Cintura , Insulina/sangue , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos Transversais , Pressão Sanguínea
3.
Ecol Food Nutr ; : 1-17, 2024 Jun 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38909380

RESUMO

The academic success of children contributes to their income, social status, and public health. This study was conducted with 217 elementary school students from western China. Scores on the Chinese Children Dietary Index (CCDI), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), adjusted DASH, and KIDMED index were calculated to evaluate diet quality. Eating behavior and sleep quality were assessed using the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) and Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CHSQ), respectively. Academic achievement was measured using school-provided average grades. Higher CCDI scores, longer sleep time, lower total CHSQ scores, and lower subscores on "satiety responsiveness," "slowness in eating," "emotional undereating," and "food fussiness" dimensions of the CEBQ were associated with high academic achievement. In conclusion, good diet quality, sleep quality, healthy eating behaviors, and adequate sleep duration were associated with better academic performance. Interventions are recommended to be developed in education system to improve healthy diets and lifestyles, enhancing academic achievement.

4.
Ann Nutr Metab ; 79(1): 16-28, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36310012

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) is a highly expressed adipokine in adults with obesity. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the clinical significance of THBS1in children with obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and determine the effect of metformin on THBS1 expression in dietary-induced obese (DIO) mice. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 78 obese children and 35 nonobese children. Anthropometric parameters, clinical data, and circulating THBS1 levels were measured. The expression of THBS1 was detected in the serum and liver tissue from diet-induced obese mice (C57BL/6) with or without metformin treatment. RESULTS: Higher THBS1 levels were observed in children with NAFLD and higher SDS-BMI. Individuals in the higher THBS1 quartile had a higher prevalence of hypo-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Logistic regression analysis showed a significant correlation between THBS1 and NAFLD, as well as between hip circumference and leptin levels. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that THBS1 was a more sensitive predictor of NAFLD than leptin. Additionally, metformin ameliorated hepatic steatosis and decreased hepatic THBS1 expression in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. CONCLUSIONS: Circulating THBS1 level may be a risk factor for NAFLD in obese children. Our findings provided a novel approach of metformin administration for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. This study also confirmed that metformin decreased the expression of hepatic THBS in DIO mice.


Assuntos
Metformina , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Obesidade Infantil , Criança , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/etiologia , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/metabolismo , Leptina , Obesidade Infantil/complicações , Trombospondina 1/farmacologia , Estudos Transversais , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Fatores de Risco , Fígado/metabolismo , Metformina/uso terapêutico , Metformina/farmacologia
5.
BMC Endocr Disord ; 22(1): 49, 2022 Feb 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35216556

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common causes of liver disease in children and adolescents. Although several reports have confirmed the significant correlation between NAFLD and growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) axis, no study further investigates whether or not recombinant human GH (rhGH) treatment can improve NAFLD in obese children. METHODS: This study was a randomized, open-label study comprising 44 boys with obesity and NAFLD (11.76 ± 1.67 year) to evaluate the effects of 6 months of rhGH administration for boys with obesity and NAFLD. The subjects were randomized divided into treatment group (subjects with recombinant human GH (rhGH)) and control group for 6 months. RESULTS: After 6 months, IGF-1 increased significantly during rhGH treatment, in comparison with the control group (582.45 ± 133.00 vs. 359.64 ± 129.00 ng/ml; p < 0.001). A significant reduction in serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT) (15.00 vs. 28.00 U/L; p = 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase(AST) (20.00 vs. 24.50U/L; p = 0.004), gamma glutamyl transferase(GGT) (14.50 vs. 28.50 U/L; p < 0.001) was observed in the GH-treated boys. In addition, the rhGH group showed a significant decrease in C reactive protein (CRP) (1.17 ± 0.76 vs. 2.26 ± 1.43 mg/L) and body mass index standard deviation scores (BMI SDS) (2.28 ± 0.80 vs. 2.71 ± 0.61) than the control group (p = 0.003, p = 0.049 respectively). GH treatment also reduced low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (2.19 ± 0.42 vs. 2.61 ± 0.66 mmol/L; p = 0.016) and increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (1.30 vs. 1.15 mmol/L; p = 0.005), and there were no changes in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and uric acid(UA) between the treatment group and the control group. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that 6 months treatment with rhGH may be beneficial for liver enzyme and can improve obesity-related other cardiovascular and metabolic complications in boys with obesity and NAFLD.


Assuntos
Fatores de Risco Cardiometabólico , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano/administração & dosagem , Fígado/enzimologia , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/tratamento farmacológico , Obesidade Infantil/complicações , Adolescente , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Aspartato Aminotransferases/sangue , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Criança , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/análise , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano/sangue , Humanos , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/análise , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/sangue , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/complicações , Obesidade Infantil/sangue , Proteínas Recombinantes/administração & dosagem , gama-Glutamiltransferase/sangue
6.
BMC Endocr Disord ; 22(1): 201, 2022 Aug 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35945517

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the effectiveness of individualized-dose polyethylene glycol recombinant human growth hormone (PEG-rhGH) for short stature. METHODS: This real-world study enrolled children with short stature in 19 hospitals throughout China. They were treated with PEG-rhGH for 6 months. The starting dosage ranged from 0.10 to 0.20 mg/kg/week. The primary outcome was the change in height standard deviation score (ΔHt SDS). RESULTS: Five hundred and ten patients were included and grouped based on dosage as A (0.10-0.14 mg/kg/week), B (0.15-0.16 mg/kg/week), C (0.17-0.19 mg/kg/week), and D (0.20 mg/kg/week). The mean 6-month ΔHt SDS for the total cohort was 0.49 ± 0.27, and the means differed among the four dose groups (P = 0.002). The ΔHt SDS was lower in group A than in groups B (LSM difference [95%CI], -0.09 [-0.17, -0.01]), C (LSM difference [95%CI], -0.10 [-0.18, -0.02]), and D (LSM difference [95%CI], -0.13 [-0.21, -0.05]) after adjusting baseline covariates. There were no significant differences among groups B, C, and D. When the baseline IGF-1 was < -2 SDS or > 0 SDS, the △Ht SDS was not different among the four groups (P = 0.931 and P = 0.400). In children with baseline IGF-1 SDS of -2 ~ 0 SDS, a higher dosage was associated with a better treatment effect (P = 0.003), and the △Ht SDS was lower in older children than in younger ones (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: PEG-rhGH could effectively increase height in prepubertal short children. When the baseline IGF-1 was < -2 SDS, 0.10 mg/kg/week could be a starting dose. In other IGF-1 statuses, 0.15-0.20 mg/kg/week might be preferred. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03249480 , retrospectively registered.


Assuntos
Nanismo , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano , Estatura , Criança , Transtornos do Crescimento/tratamento farmacológico , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano/análogos & derivados , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I , Polietilenoglicóis
7.
Ann Nutr Metab ; 78(4): 213-221, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35443241

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Childhood obesity is a significant and growing problem worldwide. Recent evidence suggests Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) and family with sequence similarity to 19 member A5 (FAM19A5) to be novel adipokines. However, very few studies have examined the plasma levels of FSTL1 and FAM19A5 in children. Therefore, this cross-sectional study evaluated the association between serum FSTL1 and FAM19A5 levels and obesity in children and investigated the relationship between FSTL1 and FAM19A5 and glucose metabolism or endothelial injury. METHODS: Fifty-five obese children and 48 healthy controls were recruited. Plasma FSTL1 and FAM19A5 levels were detected using ELISA. In addition, the association between the clinical data and anthropometric parameters was analyzed. RESULTS: Serum FAM19A5 levels were significantly decreased in the obese children, at 189.39 ± 19.10 pg/mL, compared with those without obesity, at 211.08 ± 38.09 pg/mL. Serum concentrations of FSTL1 were also significantly lower in the obese children, at 0.64 (0.37-0.64) ng/mL, compared with those without obesity, at 1.35 (1.05-2.12) ng/mL. In addition, FAM19A5 (OR = 0.943; p = 0.003) was a predictor of insulin resistance in obese children compared with healthy controls. Lastly, serum FAM19A5 and FSTL1 played mediating roles in insulin resistance in children. CONCLUSION: The serum levels of FAM19A5 and FSTL1 were decreased in obese children; therefore, FAM19A5 and FSTL1 likely play important roles in glucose metabolism in obese children.


Assuntos
Proteínas Relacionadas à Folistatina , Resistência à Insulina , Obesidade Infantil , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Folistatina , Proteínas Relacionadas à Folistatina/análise , Proteínas Relacionadas à Folistatina/metabolismo , Glucose , Humanos
8.
Exp Cell Res ; 397(1): 112334, 2020 12 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33144078

RESUMO

Blood coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) is a key cofactor in regulation of blood coagulation. This study investigated the mechanism by which FVIII is translated and transported into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and processed in the Golgi apparatus before secretion using an in vitro cell model. HEK-293T cells were transfected with vectors carrying wild-type (WT) FVIII or polymorphic FVIII D1241E for coexpression with ER lectins and treatment with tunicamycin (an N-linked glycosylation inhibitor), 1-deoxynojirimycin (an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor), endoglycosidase H, or MG132 (Cbz-Leu-Leu-leucinal; a proteasome inhibitor). The data showed that the minor allele of FVIII D1241E was able to reduce FVIII secretion into the conditioned medium but maintain a normal level of procoagulation ability, although both FVIII WT and the minor allele of FVIII D1241E showed similar levels of transcription and translation capacities. Functionally, the D1241E polymorphism led to a reduced level of FVIII in the Golgi apparatus because of its reduced association with malectin, which interacts with newly synthesized glycoproteins in the ER for FVIII folding and trafficking, leading to degradation of the minor allele of FVIII D1241E in the cytosol. This study demonstrated that malectin is important for regulation of the FVIII posttranslational process and that the minor allele of FVIII D1241E had a reduced association with malectin but an increased capacity for proteasomal FVIII degradation. These data imply the role of the ER quality control in future recombinant FVIII development.


Assuntos
Retículo Endoplasmático/metabolismo , Fator VIII/genética , Fator VIII/metabolismo , Complexo de Golgi/metabolismo , Lectinas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional , Glicosilação , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Lectinas/genética , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Transporte Proteico
9.
Pediatr Diabetes ; 21(7): 1132-1139, 2020 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32749012

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the most common condition associated with childhood and adolescent obesity and is a challenging public health issue. Very few studies have described the specificity and sensitivity of serum levels of adropin and apelin-12 as predictors of MetS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between serum levels of adropin and apelin-12 and MetS, and their sensitivity as predictors of MetS in obese children. METHODS: This study involved 138 children. The study group included obese subjects with MetS, and the two control groups included obese subjects without MetS and normal weight subjects. Anthropometric parameters and clinical data were collected. Plasma levels of apelin-12, adropin, leptin, adiponectin, and TNF-α were also measured. RESULTS: Obese children with MetS had significantly higher levels of apelin-12 and significantly lower levels of adropin when compared with those in children without MetS. In logistic regressions, we identified that apelin-12 was a risk factor for metabolic syndrome, and adropin was a protecting factor of having MetS after adjusting for age, sex, and puberty. Furthermore, ROC analysis revealed that adropin and apelin-12 are more sensitive predictors of metabolic syndrome than leptin and adiponectin. CONCLUSION: Serum adropin and apelin-12 levels can be useful biomarkers for predicting MetS in obese children. Our findings could provide a novel approach for the treatment and prevention of MetS.


Assuntos
Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/sangue , Síndrome Metabólica/sangue , Síndrome Metabólica/etiologia , Obesidade Infantil/sangue , Obesidade Infantil/complicações , Adiponectina/sangue , Adolescente , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Leptina/sangue , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/diagnóstico , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Curva ROC , Fatores de Risco
10.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis ; 30(2): 320-329, 2020 02 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31740239

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIM: This study aims to characterize the role of Irisin in obesity and early onset metabolic and vascular sequelae in Chinese children. Furthermore, we aim to examine whether Irisin mediate endothelial cells dysfunction and vascular inflammation which eventually leads to obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS: We quantified plasma Irisin levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) among 85 lean and 120 obese children, and assessed the association of Irisin levels with anthropometric, metabolic, cardiovascular and inflammatory parameters of obese children comparing with lean children. We further characterized the markers for endothelial cells and inflammation between obese and lean children to assess potential correlations. In addition, a potential direct effect of Irisin on the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules was assessed in human coronary artery endothelial cells. Irisin levels from obese children was significantly lower than lean children, and this reduced Irisin levels is correlated with certain physical parameters of studied children. Moreover, we identified significant inverse associations between inflammation markers of endothelial activation with Irisin levels in obese children. Multiple regression analyses confirm Irisin serves as a strong predictor of SDS-SBP, Ang-2, ICAM-1, E-selectin and hsCRP levels, independent of SDS-BMI. Lifestyle intervention results in a significant improvement of these cardiovascular and inflammatory parameters, and these were accompanied by a significant improvement of Irisin levels and weight loss. Finally, in the mediation effect model, our data showed that Irisin changes act as partial mediators of the relationship between SDS-BMI changes and changes in inflammatory and endothelial parameters for ICAM-1, E-selectin and hsCRP after controlling for covariates. Likewise, on the cellular level, Irisin inhibition hsCPR, ICAM-1 and E-selectin expression in endothelial cells, whereas Ang-2, VCAM-1 and eNOS expression were unaffected. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that Irisin levels change may indicate the early stages of cardiovascular disease in obese children.


Assuntos
Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Fibronectinas/sangue , Mediadores da Inflamação/sangue , Obesidade Infantil/sangue , Vasculite/sangue , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Biomarcadores/sangue , Pressão Sanguínea , Índice de Massa Corporal , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Células Cultivadas , Criança , China , Dieta Saudável , Selectina E/sangue , Endotélio Vascular/fisiopatologia , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Fibronectinas/genética , Humanos , Molécula 1 de Adesão Intercelular/sangue , Masculino , Obesidade Infantil/diagnóstico , Obesidade Infantil/fisiopatologia , Obesidade Infantil/terapia , Vasculite/diagnóstico , Vasculite/fisiopatologia , Vasculite/terapia , Redução de Peso
11.
Ann Nutr Metab ; 76(4): 223-232, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33027789

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Copeptin and nesfatin-1 have recently been identified as novel peptides that play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related insulin resistance in adults. However, the relationship between them has not yet been elucidated, and their circulating levels in children with obesity have not been adequately studied. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate whether their levels are altered in Chinese children with obesity, as well as to determine the correlation of these 2 peptides with each other, with insulin resistance, and with other biochemical parameters. METHODS: A total of 156 children were enrolled in this study, including 101 children with obesity and 55 lean controls. Anthropometric parameters and clinical data of all subjects were collected, and circulating tumor necrosis factor-α, adiponectin, leptin, copeptin, and nesfatin-1 levels were measured using ELISA. RESULTS: Serum copeptin and nesfatin-1 levels were significantly elevated in children with obesity and children with insulin resistance compared to control subjects. In addition, nesfatin-1 and copeptin levels were found to be significantly positively correlated with one another by Pearson's correlation and partial correlation. In multiple regression analysis using nesfatin-1 or copeptin as the dependent parameter, a significant correlation was observed between nesfatin-1 and copeptin, and associations between each of them with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were detected. CONCLUSION: These novel findings shed light on the possible interplay role of these 2 molecules in obesity-related insulin resistance.


Assuntos
Glicopeptídeos/sangue , Resistência à Insulina , Nucleobindinas/sangue , Obesidade Infantil/sangue , Adiponectina/sangue , Antropometria , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , China , Feminino , Humanos , Leptina/sangue , Masculino , Análise de Regressão
12.
BMC Endocr Disord ; 19(1): 127, 2019 Nov 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31771561

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: We measured the concentrations of the adipocytokines vaspin and visfatin in obese Chinese children. Furthermore, we studied the correlation of these adipocytokines with early-onset metabolic and vascular sequelae among these children. METHODS: A total of 244 children (160 obese and 84 lean) were included in this study. Vaspin and visfatin were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. We also assayed other metabolic and cardiovascular parameters. The associations of serum vaspin and visfatin concentrations with metabolic and cardiovascular parameters were determined. RESULTS: We found a significant elevation in the concentrations of vaspin and visfatin in obese children compared to the concentrations in lean children. Additionally, we found a significant positive correlation between visfatin and vaspin levels, as well as inflammatory cell infiltration and markers of endothelial activation, but these factors did not affect insulin resistance in obese children. Multiple regression analyses confirmed that vaspin is the strongest predictor of higher tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), angiotensin-2 (Ang-2), vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin levels. We also found a significant association between visfatin and Ang-2, IL-6, VCAM-1, and E-selectin levels. CONCLUSION: The adipocytokines vaspin and visfatin are significantly interrelated, and both adipocytokines play a role in vascular endothelial function and inflammation.


Assuntos
Citocinas/sangue , Endotélio Vascular/fisiopatologia , Inflamação/patologia , Resistência à Insulina , Nicotinamida Fosforribosiltransferase/sangue , Obesidade/sangue , Serpinas/sangue , Magreza/sangue , Biomarcadores/análise , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Inflamação/sangue , Masculino , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Prognóstico , Magreza/epidemiologia , Magreza/fisiopatologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/sangue
13.
Ann Nutr Metab ; 75(4): 205-212, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31775140

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Asprosin, a novel peptide that has recently discovered as an important regulatory adipokine, is relevant to obesity in animals and adult humans. Little is known about its roles in children. The aim of the current study was to determine the potential role of asprosin and explore its relationship to various obesity-related markers in children with obesity. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 119 Chinese children, including 79 children with obesity and 40 lean controls. Anthropometric parameters, clinical data, and circulating tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), adiponectin, leptin, and asprosin levels were measured. RESULTS: Serum asprosin concentrations were significantly elevated in children with obesity compared with lean controls. Children with insulin resistance (IR) had higher asprosin levels than non-IR group. Asprosin was positively correlated with waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), diastolic blood pressure, homoeostasis model of IR (HOMA-IR), leptin-to-adiponectin ratio, TNF-α independent of their body mass index, SDs score, and age. In multivariable linear regression analysis, WHR and HOMA-IR were associated with the circulating level of asprosin. CONCLUSIONS: Circulating asprosins are increased in children with obesity and associated with IR. It may be proposed as a novel marker to predict advanced disease.


Assuntos
Resistência à Insulina , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos/sangue , Obesidade Infantil/sangue , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/sangue , Hormônios Peptídicos/sangue , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Feminino , Fibrilina-1 , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidade Infantil/complicações
14.
BMC Endocr Disord ; 18(1): 39, 2018 Jun 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29895283

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of childhood obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorder such as dyslipidemia has sharply increased in the past few decades. Chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with the development of comorbidities and poor prognosis in obesity. This study aims to evaluate interleukin-10 (IL-10) in childhood obesity with hypertriglyceridemia. METHOD: We evaluated IL-10 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mRNA expression in adipose tissue (AT) as well as serum IL-10 in 62 children of 3 groups and in high-fat diet (HFD) induced obese rat. Expression of IL-10 and STAT3 protein in AT of diet-induced obese rats were examined over feed period. RESULTS: Adipose IL-10 and STAT3 mRNA expression and serum IL-10 reduced in obese children with hypertriglyceridemia and in HFD obese rats. The protein expression of IL-10 and STAT3 decreased in AT of obese rats compared with the control rats at end time. Expression of IL-10 mRNA was negatively correlated to TG and LDL-C levels, and positively correlated to HDL-C, adiponectin and serum IL-10 levels. CONCLUSIONS: IL-10 expression and its downstream JAK-STAT pathway are down-regulated in obese children with hypertriglyceridemia and in HFD obese rats.


Assuntos
Hipertrigliceridemia/metabolismo , Interleucina-10/metabolismo , Obesidade Infantil/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/metabolismo , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Adolescente , Animais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertrigliceridemia/complicações , Imuno-Histoquímica , Interleucina-10/genética , Masculino , Obesidade Infantil/complicações , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/genética , Transdução de Sinais , Adulto Jovem
15.
Acta Paediatr ; 107(2): 322-327, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28981167

RESUMO

AIM: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of progressive and chronic liver injury. Complement factor 5a (C5a) may be involved in many inflammation disorders. This study investigated levels of systemic C5a in patients with and without NAFLD and lean controls. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2012 to June 2013 among 96 Chinese children, aged 6-17 years, recruited from the Pediatric Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University: 40 obese children with NAFLD, 31 obese children without NAFLD and 25 lean controls. Anthropometric parameters, clinical data and circulating C5a levels were measured. RESULTS: Obese children had higher serum concentrations of complement factor C5a compared with lean controls, especially in obese children with NAFLD. C5a was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure (BP), triglycerides and homoeostasis model of insulin resistance, independent of their body mass index standard deviations score and age. Of the well-known risk factors, C5a was a significant predictor of NAFLD in obese children. CONCLUSION: Serum C5a was elevated in obese children, especially in those with NAFLD and it may be proposed as a novel marker to predict advanced disease.


Assuntos
Complemento C5a/análise , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/sangue , Obesidade Infantil/sangue , Adolescente , Biomarcadores/sangue , Pressão Sanguínea , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Resistência à Insulina , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/etiologia , Obesidade Infantil/complicações , Obesidade Infantil/fisiopatologia , Valores de Referência , Fatores de Risco , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Ultrassonografia , Circunferência da Cintura
16.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 493(3): 1168-1175, 2017 11 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28943435

RESUMO

We found that Gm15290 was one of the most upregulated lncRNAs in the adipose of ob/ob mice through lncRNA microarray analysis. Then, manipulations of overexpression and silencing in mouse primary adipocytes showed that Gm15290 positively regulated adipogenesis, manifested by increasing lipid deposition and upregulating adipogenic genes including PPARγ, C/EBPα, and aP2. However, overexpression of mutant Gm15290 (at the binding site of miR-27c) did not have an promoting effect on adipogenesis. Additionally, Gm15290 was found to potentially interact with miR-27b that had been identified as a PPARγ targeting miRNA, and we verified their interaction by luciferase activity and RNA pull down assays. Furthermore, inhibition of Gm15290, by injection of the Gm15290 siRNA, decreased the body weight gain and mass of adipose tissues, including iWAT and eWAT, in mice fed with HFD. In conclusion, Gm15290 sponges miR-27b to increase fat deposition and body weight in HFD-fed mice.


Assuntos
MicroRNAs/genética , PPAR gama/metabolismo , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Aumento de Peso/genética , Adipócitos/citologia , Adipócitos/fisiologia , Adipogenia/genética , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Tecido Adiposo Branco/fisiologia , Animais , Diferenciação Celular/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Obesos , PPAR gama/genética , RNA Interferente Pequeno/farmacologia , Aumento de Peso/fisiologia
17.
Acta Paediatr ; 106(11): 1851-1856, 2017 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28833541

RESUMO

AIM: There have been very few paediatric studies on omentin-1, an anti-inflammatory adipokine that provides a link between adiposity, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. This Chinese study evaluated the association between omentin-1 and metabolic syndrome and analysed the effect of a six-month lifestyle intervention on the levels in obese children. METHODS: We recruited 119 obese outpatients (75% boys) aged 7-18 years from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, who underwent a six- month lifestyle intervention. Our controls were 55 matched children with normal weight. Anthropometric parameters, biochemical data and circulating omentin-1 levels were measured at baseline and after six months. RESULTS: Of the 119 obese children, 32 (27%) had metabolic syndrome. The obese children, particularly those with metabolic syndrome, had significantly lower serum omentin-1 levels at baseline than the controls. We also found that the omentin-1 levels were negatively associated with their body mass index, waist circumference and homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. After the six-month lifestyle intervention, the obese children showed significant weight loss and their omentin-1 levels increased. CONCLUSION: Serum omentin-1 was regulated by weight and seemed to be associated with children's metabolic disorders. A six-month lifestyle intervention significantly increased serum omentin-1 levels.


Assuntos
Citocinas/sangue , Lectinas/sangue , Síndrome Metabólica/sangue , Obesidade/sangue , Redução de Peso , Adolescente , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Feminino , Proteínas Ligadas por GPI/sangue , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidade/complicações
18.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi ; 19(11): 1159-1164, 2017 Nov.
Artigo em Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29132462

RESUMO

The aim of the study was to provide a descriptive analysis of familial male-limited precocious puberty (FMPP), which is a rare inherited disease caused by heterozygous constitutively activating mutations of the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor gene (LHCGR). The patient was a ten-month-old boy, presenting with penile enlargement, pubic hair formation, and spontaneous erections. Based on the clinical manifestations and laboratory data, including sexual characteristics, serum testosterone levels, GnRH stimulation test, and bone age, this boy was diagnosed with peripheral precocious puberty. Subsequently the precocious puberty-related genes were analyzed by direct DNA sequencing of amplified PCR products from the patient and his parents. Genetic analysis revealed a novel heterozygous missense mutation c.1732G>C (Asp578His) of the LHCGR gene exon11 in the patient, which had never been reported. His parents had no mutations. After combined treatment with aromatase inhibitor letrozole and anti-androgen spironolactone for six months, the patient's symptoms were controlled. The findings in this study expand the mutation spectrum of the LHCGR gene, and provide molecular evidence for the etiologic diagnosis as well as for the genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis in the family.


Assuntos
Mutação , Puberdade Precoce/genética , Receptores do LH/genética , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Puberdade Precoce/tratamento farmacológico , Receptores do LH/química
19.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 474(2): 364-370, 2016 05 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27109475

RESUMO

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a wide spectrum of liver damage with a worldwide prevalence of almost 20%. AMP-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1) is an energy sensor that plays a key role in regulating lipid metabolism of the liver. This study explores the role of AMPKα1 overexpression in a steatotic hepatocyte model. The results displayed that the AMPKα1 overexpression suppressed lipid accumulation in the cytoplasm, decreased triglyceride levels, maintained the survival of steatotic hepatocyte model with decreased cell apoptosis and increased survival rate. Besides, AMPKα1 overexpression promoted the expression of lipid catabolism-related genes, reduced the level of anabolism-related genes, alleviated the inflammatory response by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, AMPKα1 overexpression could inhibit the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK). Finally, Anisomycin, a frequently-used activator of p38MAPK, reversed the inhibitory effect of pc-AMPKα1 on the expression of p-p38MAPK, suggesting that AMPKα1 overexpression alleviates inflammatory response through the inactivation of p38MAPK. These results indicated that AMPKα1 may serve as a novel target for treatment of NAFLD.


Assuntos
Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP/metabolismo , Hepatócitos/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases p38 Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular , Ativação Enzimática , Hepatócitos/patologia , Humanos , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/patologia , Regulação para Cima
20.
Eur J Pediatr ; 175(2): 211-20, 2016 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26316318

RESUMO

This study investigated the association between obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in preschool and school-age children. Parents of obese and randomly chosen normal weight children completed a questionnaire on sleep-related symptoms, demography, family, and medical history. All subjects were invited to undergo polysomnography (PSG). OSA cases were defined as obstructive apnea hypopnea index (OAHI) ≥1. A total of 5930 children were studied with 9.5% obese (11.9% boys/6.1% girls), 205/2680 preschool and 360/3250 school children. There were 1030 children (535 obese/495 normal weight) who underwent PSG. OSA was higher in obese children and obese school children had higher OAHI, arousal index, and shorter total sleep time. However, there was no positive correlation between OSA and body mass index (BMI). The main risk factors for OSA in preschool children were adenotonsillar hypertrophy and recurrent respiratory tract infection. The main cause for OSA in school children was a history of parental snoring and obesity. Mallampati scores and sleep-related symptoms were found to be associated with OSA in both preschool and school children. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated differential risk factors for OSA in obese children, which suggest that a different mechanism may be involved in OSA development in preschool and school-age children. WHAT IS KNOWN: Various risk factors have been reported in obese children with OSA owing to the different age and different study design. Obese children have a higher prevalence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA risk factors in obese children are affected by different ages and study designs. WHAT IS NEW: A differential prevalence and risk factors for obese preschool and school-age children with OSA has been demonstrated.


Assuntos
Obesidade Infantil/complicações , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/etiologia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Polissonografia , Prevalência , Características de Residência , Fatores de Risco , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários
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